176 lines
18 KiB
XML
176 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421<0001:ANSOTR>2.0.CO;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4c2f80e-4917-4b5b-9415-0ee6377973ce" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734917" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="4" checkinTime="1620068002453" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="VOSS, ROBERT S." docDate="2003" docId="03FAB267FFA2FFDEFF58FC62DA5DDCED" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2003.3421.1-47.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3421" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282003%29421%3C0001%3AANSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001.1:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Akodon latebricola" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFC3CA1FFFB6FFCBFF8AFF92DB29DF75" masterDocTitle="A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1671043263584" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>VOSS, ROBERT S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2003-12-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3421</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>48</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282003%29421%3C0001%3AANSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421<0001:ANSOTR>2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f4c2f80e-4917-4b5b-9415-0ee6377973ce</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4734917</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5605915" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189547090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5605915" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FFA2FFDEFF58FC62DA5DDCED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAB267FFA2FFDEFF58FC62DA5DDCED" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[210,567,1008,1031]" box="[210,567,1008,1031]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<heading box="[210,567,1008,1031]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Anthony)" baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[210,567,1008,1031]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[210,437,1008,1031]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Akodon latebricola</emphasis>
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(Anthony)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[124,653,1061,1741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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SPECIMENS COLLECTED: 10.6 km (by road) W Papallacta,
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<quantity box="[307,419,1091,1114]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.84048" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="ft" value="12.6">12,600 ft</quantity>
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(UMMZ 155616); 7.5 km (by road) W Papallacta,
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<quantity box="[540,653,1121,1144]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6576" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="ft" value="12.0">12,000 ft</quantity>
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(UMMZ 155607–155615, 155768–155772, 155774); 6.2 km (by road) W Papallacta,
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<quantity box="[124,230,1210,1233]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.56616" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="ft" value="11.7">11,700 ft</quantity>
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(UMMZ 155773, 155775, 155776); Río Papallacta valley [
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<quantity box="[391,482,1240,1263]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 km</quantity>
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by trail NNW Papallacta],
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<quantity box="[290,412,1270,1293]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38328" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="ft" value="11.1">11,100 ft</quantity>
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(UMMZ 155617, 155618).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[124,653,1061,1741]" box="[153,445,1330,1353]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">OTHER MATERIAL: None.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[124,653,1061,1741]" lastBlockId="20.[700,1230,193,1741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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TAXONOMY: Originally described as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Microxus latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, this species has long been known only from the
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<typeStatus box="[431,533,1419,1442]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">holotype</typeStatus>
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(AMNH 67506) collected by G.H.H. Tate in 1924 at Hacienda San Francisco, a locality in the Cordillera Oriental east of Ambato (
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<bibRefCitation author="Anthony, H. E." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref21372" refString="Anthony, H. E. 1924 b. Preliminary report on Ecuadorean mammals. No. 6. American Museum Novitates 139: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1924">Anthony, 1924b: 3</bibRefCitation>
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). A peculiar feature of AMNH 67506 is its intensely black fur, which is quite unlike the normal coloration of any other muroid rodent species known to me.
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<bibRefCitation author="Anthony, H. E." box="[124,326,1658,1681]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref21372" refString="Anthony, H. E. 1924 b. Preliminary report on Ecuadorean mammals. No. 6. American Museum Novitates 139: 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1924">Anthony (1924b)</bibRefCitation>
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considered and rejected the hypothesis that the
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<typeStatus box="[351,453,1688,1711]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">holotype</typeStatus>
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was a melanistic mutant, but the rediscovery of this taxon at Papallacta lends support to the opposite conclusion.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[700,1230,193,1741]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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Except in pelage color, the Papallacta specimens are qualitatively indistinguishable from the
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<typeStatus box="[819,869,310,333]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[919,1046,311,334]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[919,1046,311,334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and measurements of the
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<typeStatus box="[872,922,340,363]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
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fall within the range of morphometric variation in the Papallacta series. By contrast with the unnatural appearance of AMNH 67506, the Papallacta skins are dark grizzledbrown dorsally, and the ventral fur is graybased with a superficial brownish wash; the ears, feet, and the dorsal surface of the tail are likewise dark brown, but the ventral surface of the tail is covered with long silvery hairs. Because brownish pigmentation is almost universal among the small akodontine rodents that inhabit humid Andean habitats, it is more parsimonious to assume that this is the normal coloration of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[700,930,751,774]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[700,930,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Akodon latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and that the coloration of the
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<typeStatus box="[780,830,780,803]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
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is not, in point of fact, typical.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[700,1230,193,1741]" lastBlockId="21.[123,652,193,920]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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This species closely resembles
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas (1895 a)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Akodon bogotensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[811,1014,838,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref24987" refString="Thomas, O. 1895 a. On small mammals from Nicaragua and Bogota. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 (16): 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1895">Thomas (1895a)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, another eastern Andean species that was formerly referred to the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[838,948,897,920]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[838,948,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Microxus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Among other shared similarities, both species differ from typical
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyen" authorityYear="1833" box="[700,789,956,979]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[700,789,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Akodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by their very small size; possession of a slender, tapering rostrum flanked by very shallow zygomatic notches (versus a shorter, stouter rostrum flanked by deeper zygomatic notches); origin of the superficial masseter from an indistinct tubercle or scar on the anterior margin of the zygomatic plate (versus from a scar posteroventral to the anterior edge of the zygomatic plate); confluence of the buccinator masticatory foramen and foramen ovale (versus buccinator masticatory foramen and foramen ovale accessorius separated by a vertical strut of the alisphenoid); proportionately shorter incisive foramina, wider parapterygoid fossae, and more inflated bullae; and highly distinctive molars with opposite (versus alternating) cusps. Although phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences do not support the separate generic status of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1909" box="[844,954,1513,1536]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[844,954,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Microxus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as represented by the
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<typeStatus box="[700,750,1542,1565]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<emphasis box="[857,933,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">mimus</emphasis>
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Thomas; see
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, M. F. & J. L. Patton" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="149 - 177" refId="ref24684" refString="Smith, M. F., and J. L. Patton. 1993. The diversification of South American murid rodents: evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequence data for the akodontine tribe. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 50: 149 - 177." type="journal article" year="1993">Smith and Patton [1993]</bibRefCitation>
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and references cited therein), sequence data from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[939,1067,1601,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[939,1067,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">bogotensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have not been analyzed. Despite their current generic classification, these two northernAndean endemics clearly form a distinct clade that merits nomenclatural recognition. Subtle but consistent craniodental differences (M. GómezLaverde, personal commun.) distinguish
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[238,366,252,275]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[238,366,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" box="[464,588,252,275]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
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<emphasis box="[464,588,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">bogotensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and support their current status as valid species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[123,652,193,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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REMARKS: In a previous list of Papallacta mammals (
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<bibRefCitation author="Voss, R. S." box="[254,391,340,363]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="259 - 493" refId="ref25650" refString="Voss, R. S. 1988. Systematics and ecology of ichthyomyine rodents (Muroidea): patterns of morphological evolution in a small adaptive radiation. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 188: 259 - 493." type="journal article" year="1988">Voss, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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: table 43), I misidentified this material as
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<taxonomicName box="[383,626,369,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
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<emphasis box="[383,626,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Microxus bogotensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="21.[123,652,193,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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FIELD OBSERVATIONS: The
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<specimenCount box="[461,619,398,421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">21 specimens</specimenCount>
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of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[123,351,428,451]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis box="[123,351,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Akodon latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that I collected near Papallacta in 1980 were trapped at elevations ranging from
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<quantity box="[290,488,486,509]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" metricValueMax="3.84" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="3610.0" valueMax="3840.0" valueMin="3380.0">3380 to 3840 m</quantity>
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. Of these, 16 were taken in the shrubby páramo/forest ecotone,
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<quantity box="[189,236,545,568]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
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Subalpine Rain Forest,
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<quantity box="[522,569,545,568]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
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grassy glades surrounded by Subalpine Rain Forest, and
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<quantity box="[178,229,604,627]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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grassy páramo. All recorded captures were on the ground:
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<quantity box="[428,472,633,656]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
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runways under dense bunch grass, 8 among mixed grasses and mossy shrubs, and 4 under moss mats or low herbs. Unlike other murid rodents that I collected near Papallacta (which appear to be strictly nocturnal), several individuals of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anthony" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Akodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latebricola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. latebricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were captured in broad daylight, between the time when traps were checked just after dawn and when they were rebaited in the late afternoon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |