169 lines
23 KiB
XML
169 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="8B293CADDF3A3061B09C8C96239512C8" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2017.1412362" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883381" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711484105509" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Georgieva, Magdalena N., Little, Crispin T. S., Watson, Jonathan S., Sephton, Mark A., Ball, Alexander D. & Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2019" docId="03C0814B902EFFAF3DF0FE604C8BFE4A" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.17.4.287-329.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1412362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545.3:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleId="602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Siboglinidae Caullery 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="304" masterDocId="FFF9F933903CFFBB3E4CFFA14E0EFF1E" masterDocTitle="Identification of fossil worm tubes from Phanerozoic hydrothermal vents and cold seeps" masterLastPageNumber="329" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="304" updateTime="1712152197148" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F475B06D80F05B80A6813C4CA606EAAA">Identification of fossil worm tubes from Phanerozoic hydrothermal vents and cold seeps</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CAAE1C1CE410C7507EE56F4422C3EEE5">Georgieva, Magdalena N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F9E9EB596DCB0AAA0AFC97E875F7E50">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; & School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE490B50D65B71B3EFBADC87C5B83F1D">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B38C63F8F55659159CF8F710EB4D23CC">School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6FF1F361DE49C4CC99D639298CBB5BAF">Watson, Jonathan S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="521556D5C6B482CC3071353289AAA450">Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="15E737C5F239CA0995A43D883D637144">Sephton, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9DADC0988D7B486F910A4A32D54E2A7">Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="475C2FF5DCDDF7F33379C0631BE61215">Ball, Alexander D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8D0BE202190C2FEE2FB693EAE8B1B111">Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="59B65AD3BFD010F4B02751A59BFA4729">Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D05646EECD135965A03A58CBC5BE383D">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="FB8D4091A333F9C012321F513BFEDD58">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C0814B902EFFAF3DF0FE604C8BFE4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C0814B902EFFAF3DF0FE604C8BFE4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C0814B902EFFAF3DF0FE604C8BFE4A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93DF0FE604B45FEC6" box="[956,1355,449,472]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93DF0FE604B45FEC6" blockId="18.[956,1355,449,472]" box="[956,1355,449,472]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<heading id="D09E8731902EFFA93DF0FE604B45FEC6" box="[956,1355,449,472]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" reason="7">
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?Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C694BDE902EFFA93A56FE604B45FEC6" ID-CoL="84KRZ" authority="Caullery, 1914" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1914" box="[1050,1355,449,472]" class="Polychaeta" family="Siboglinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93A56FE604AA8FEC6" bold="true" box="[1050,1190,449,472]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Siboglinidae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93AE1FE604B45FEC6" author="Caullery, M." box="[1197,1355,449,472]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="2014 - 2017" refId="ref22158" refString="Caullery, M. 1914. Sur les Siboglinidae, type nouveau d'invert´ebr´es receuillis par l'exp´edition du Siboga. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances´de l'Academie´des Sciences, 158, 2014 - 2017." type="journal article" year="1914">Caullery, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93A6EFE404AEBFEE6" box="[1058,1253,481,504]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93A6EFE404AEBFEE6" blockId="18.[1038,1273,481,567]" box="[1058,1253,481,504]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">(?vestimentiferan)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93A42FDA14AF7FD09" box="[1038,1273,512,535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93A42FDA14AF7FD09" blockId="18.[1038,1273,481,567]" box="[1038,1273,512,535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93A42FDA14AF7FD09" bold="true" box="[1038,1273,512,535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">‘Ellef Ringnes tubes’</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93A51FD814AE4FD29" box="[1053,1258,544,567]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93A51FD814AE4FD29" blockId="18.[1038,1273,481,567]" box="[1053,1258,544,567]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93A6AFD814AECFD29" box="[1062,1250,544,567]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[159,227,1755,1776]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,184,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[205,1422,183,1723]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Tubes from the Albian Christopher Formation, Canada. A, B, D, E, ‘Ellef Ringnes tubes’; A, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, tubes in hand specimen; B, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, sections of tubes; D, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing thick, multi-layered tube walls, with some possible misaligned torn fibres (white arrow); E, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing a break in the tube wall where it appears broken fibres have curved slightly and misaligned (white arrow). C, F, G, ‘Prince Patrick tubes’; C, NRC C-453952 1–4, tubes in hand specimen; F, NRC C-453961PPL, transverse section of a tube exhibiting thick, multi-layered tube walls; G, NRC C-453989PPL, longitudinal section of a tube with thinner walls containing round pellets. Scale bars: A–C = 10 mm; D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 11A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93D01FDC14A83FC48" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FDC14AC4FD89" blockId="18.[845,1467,608,854]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">1989 serpulid worm tubes Beauchamp, Harrison, Nassichuk, Krouse, & Eliuk: 54, fig. 2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FD014DBEFDC9" blockId="18.[845,1467,608,854]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">1992 serpulid worm tubes Beauchamp & Savard: 438, figs 2b, 5b.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FD414B1CFDE9" blockId="18.[845,1467,608,854]" box="[845,1298,736,759]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">2013 tubeworms Williscroft: 20, fig. 5c, d.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FCA14A83FC48" blockId="18.[845,1467,608,854]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">2017 vestimentiferan worm tubes Williscroft, Grasby, Beauchamp, Little, Dewing, Birgel, Poulton, & Hryniewicz: 797, fig. 8l, m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93D01FCD74A41FBBD" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FCD74A6CFB12" blockId="18.[845,1467,886,1036]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93D01FCD74DB9FC93" bold="true" box="[845,951,886,909]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Material.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED78A898902EFFA93D8AFCD74DF2FC93" box="[966,1020,886,909]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/shqc-84rv" name="Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">NRC</collectionCode>
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C-581891 QQA 10-22, clustered broken fragments of large tubes, mostly in various orientations however some tubes are aligned parallel to each other.
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<collectionCode id="ED78A898902EFFA93D01FC744D8DFCF2" box="[845,899,981,1004]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/shqc-84rv" name="Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">NRC</collectionCode>
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C-541891
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<collectionCode id="ED78A898902EFFA93A45FC744A45FCF2" box="[1033,1099,981,1004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">CPPL</collectionCode>
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, tubes observed in thin section. Provided by S. E. Grasby.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FB8D4A41FBBD" blockId="18.[845,1467,1068,1187]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93D01FB8D4DD7FB5D" bold="true" box="[845,985,1068,1091]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Occurrence.</emphasis>
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Ellef Ringnes Island seep carbonates, Arctic,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E70CD902EFFA93D39FBED4DC7FB7D" box="[885,969,1100,1123]" name="Canada" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Canada</collectingCountry>
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. Christopher Formation, Lower Albian, Cretaceous (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93DD3FBCD4AA2FB9D" author="Beauchamp, B. & Harrison, J. C. & Nassichuk, W. W. & Krouse, H. R. & Eliuk, L. S." box="[927,1196,1132,1155]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref21545" refString="Beauchamp, B., Harrison, J. C., Nassichuk, W. W., Krouse, H. R. & Eliuk, L. S. 1989. Cretaceous cold-seep communities and methane-derived carbonates in the Canadian Arctic. Science, 244, 53 - 56." type="journal article" year="1989">
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Beauchamp
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93A60FBCD4A64FB9D" box="[1068,1130,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
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1989
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93A8EFBCD4D8CFBBD" author="Beauchamp, B. & Savard, M." pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="434 - 450" refId="ref21517" refString="Beauchamp, B. & Savard, M. 1992. Cretaceous chemosynthetic carbonate mounds in the Canadian Arctic. Palaios, 7, 434 - 450." type="journal article" year="1992">Beauchamp & Savard 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93DDCFB2D4A31FBBD" author="Williscroft, K." box="[912,1087,1164,1187]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" refId="ref26184" refString="Williscroft, K. 2013. Early Cretaceous methane seepage system and associated carbonates, biota and geochemistry, Sverdrup Basin, Ellef Ringnes Island, Nunavut. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Calgary, 206 pp." type="book" year="2013">Williscroft 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93D01FB624DB7F906" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93D01FB624DB7F906" blockId="18.[845,1467,1219,1560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93D01FB624DD6FBC4" bold="true" box="[845,984,1219,1242]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Description.</emphasis>
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Carbonate tubes are non-branching, do not appear attached to other tubes, and are not agglutinated (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93D1AFAA34DDBFA07" box="[854,981,1282,1305]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[159,227,1755,1776]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,184,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[205,1422,183,1723]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Tubes from the Albian Christopher Formation, Canada. A, B, D, E, ‘Ellef Ringnes tubes’; A, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, tubes in hand specimen; B, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, sections of tubes; D, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing thick, multi-layered tube walls, with some possible misaligned torn fibres (white arrow); E, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing a break in the tube wall where it appears broken fibres have curved slightly and misaligned (white arrow). C, F, G, ‘Prince Patrick tubes’; C, NRC C-453952 1–4, tubes in hand specimen; F, NRC C-453961PPL, transverse section of a tube exhibiting thick, multi-layered tube walls; G, NRC C-453989PPL, longitudinal section of a tube with thinner walls containing round pellets. Scale bars: A–C = 10 mm; D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 11A, B</figureCitation>
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). They are 2.0–10.0 mm in diameter, more or less straight, and have smooth walls. In thin section, the tubes show very thick, concentrically multi-layered walls (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93D1AFAC34DDBFA67" box="[854,981,1378,1401]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[159,227,1755,1776]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,184,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[205,1422,183,1723]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Tubes from the Albian Christopher Formation, Canada. A, B, D, E, ‘Ellef Ringnes tubes’; A, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, tubes in hand specimen; B, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, sections of tubes; D, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing thick, multi-layered tube walls, with some possible misaligned torn fibres (white arrow); E, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing a break in the tube wall where it appears broken fibres have curved slightly and misaligned (white arrow). C, F, G, ‘Prince Patrick tubes’; C, NRC C-453952 1–4, tubes in hand specimen; F, NRC C-453961PPL, transverse section of a tube exhibiting thick, multi-layered tube walls; G, NRC C-453989PPL, longitudinal section of a tube with thinner walls containing round pellets. Scale bars: A–C = 10 mm; D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 11D, E</figureCitation>
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) that are very likely organic due to the presence of breaks in the tube wall that reveal potential torn misaligned layers that have curved slightly away from each other (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93D87FA634A44FAC7" box="[971,1098,1474,1497]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="19.[159,227,1755,1776]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,184,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[205,1422,183,1723]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 11. Tubes from the Albian Christopher Formation, Canada. A, B, D, E, ‘Ellef Ringnes tubes’; A, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, tubes in hand specimen; B, NRC C-581891 QQA-10-22, sections of tubes; D, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing thick, multi-layered tube walls, with some possible misaligned torn fibres (white arrow); E, NRC C-541891CPPL, detail of a transverse section of a tube showing a break in the tube wall where it appears broken fibres have curved slightly and misaligned (white arrow). C, F, G, ‘Prince Patrick tubes’; C, NRC C-453952 1–4, tubes in hand specimen; F, NRC C-453961PPL, transverse section of a tube exhibiting thick, multi-layered tube walls; G, NRC C-453989PPL, longitudinal section of a tube with thinner walls containing round pellets. Scale bars: A–C = 10 mm; D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 11D, E</figureCitation>
|
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). The round cross sections suggest that the tubes are likely to originally have been rigid and inflexible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFAF3D01F9994C8BFE4A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFAF3D01F9994C8BFE4A" blockId="18.[845,1467,1592,1934]" lastBlockId="20.[159,781,189,340]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93D01F9994DB5F951" bold="true" box="[845,955,1592,1615]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
These tubes were previously considered to have been made by serpulids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93AF0F9F94D8CF991" author="Beauchamp, B. & Savard, M." pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="434 - 450" refId="ref21517" refString="Beauchamp, B. & Savard, M. 1992. Cretaceous chemosynthetic carbonate mounds in the Canadian Arctic. Palaios, 7, 434 - 450." type="journal article" year="1992">Beauchamp & Savard 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93DD4F9D94A41F991" author="Williscroft, K." box="[920,1103,1656,1679]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" refId="ref26184" refString="Williscroft, K. 2013. Early Cretaceous methane seepage system and associated carbonates, biota and geochemistry, Sverdrup Basin, Ellef Ringnes Island, Nunavut. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Calgary, 206 pp." type="book" year="2013">Williscroft 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but have more recently been interpreted as vestimentiferan worm tubes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93B09F9394DC7F9D1" author="Williscroft, K. & Grasby, S. E. & Beauchamp, B. & Little, C. T. S. & Dewing, K. & Birgel, D. & Poulton, T. & Hryniewicz, K." pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="788 - 805" refId="ref26223" refString="Williscroft, K., Grasby, S. E., Beauchamp, B., Little, C. T. S., Dewing, K., Birgel, D., Poulton, T. & Hryniewicz, K. 2017. Extensive Early Cretaceous (Albian) methane seepage on Ellef Ringnes Island, Canadian High Arctic. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 129, 788 - 805." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Williscroft
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93D01F9194D86F9D1" box="[845,904,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Evidence of an originally calcareous tube wall such as chevron-like layering is absent, while torn fibres point to the tubes having been originally organic in composition. The thick tube walls and neat, well-consolidated multi-layering are very characteristic of vestimentiferan tubes, and the size of these tubes and their hardness support this interpretation. However, these tubes only group among modern siboglinid tubes when more homoplasy is permitted within the cladistic analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522CD89028FFAF3EE4FF5C4F07FE0A" box="[168,265,253,276]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="34.[159,227,1279,1300]" captionTargetBox="[173,1453,183,1247]" captionTargetId="figure-219@34.[173,1453,183,1247]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 23. Strict consensus cladograms constructed using a total of 64 modern and fossil annelid taxa and 48 mostly morphological tube characters. Analyses were performed using implied character weighting, with the concavity constant set as default (k = 3; A), and also set to downweight homoplastic characters less (k = 4; B). Numbers on nodes represent groups present/contradicted support values. Modern taxa are coloured according to taxonomic groups; fossil taxa are in grey. A, consensus of 271 most parsimonious trees (best score = 15.387, consistency index = 0.195, retention index = 0.264); B, consensus of 60 most parsimonious trees (best score = 13.568, consistency index = 0.232, retention index = 0.569). Symbols/colours indicate taxonomic affinities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883427/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="306">Fig. 23B</figureCitation>
|
||
). For the above reasons, we tentatively suggest that the large tubes from Ellef Ringnes Island are likely the anterior sections of vestimentiferan tubes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |