223 lines
35 KiB
XML
223 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="2577D51BD19CB8282B69814947F03212" ID-CLB-Dataset="291976" ID-DOI="10.24199/j.mmv.2005.62.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4e6d4b9-b717-458e-85a9-0c3223eae958" ID-ISSN="1447-2554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10665561" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1708004547937" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Fitzgerald, Erich M. G." docDate="2005" docId="03ACB35ADC75FF9EFF72FAE3FA84F81F" docLanguage="en" docName="MemMusVictoria.62.1.67-89.pdf" docOrigin="Memoirs of Museum Victoria 62 (1)" docSource="https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-62-issue-1-2005/pages-67-89/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:99484BB52C5EA01CDE4EA5EECB5782C2.2:MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="99484BB52C5EA01CDE4EA5EECB5782C2" docStyleName="MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Kogiidae Gill 1871" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="FF95CB22DC72FF99FFF0FFF6FF94FF8B" masterDocTitle="Pliocene marine mammals from the Whalers Bluff Formation of Portland, Victoria, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="89" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1711396818439" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B95F2CB343659EE5E397464CE0A33E65">Pliocene marine mammals from the Whalers Bluff Formation of Portland, Victoria, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="858B4D218AD2F5B7B268122BDFD34B6F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9FF7AC3222C07D8AFE386E2FC1CB4C01">Fitzgerald, Erich M. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3658061CAE01851F32B1F4F95D67A7DF">School of Geosciences, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia and Museum Victoria, G. P. O. Box 666, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6FD97FEC62D76CD138F5449FE5D076A2" type="email">efitzger@museum.vic.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="95D206CCC69134C9409E83770B6446AF">Memoirs of Museum Victoria</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="98750B5D2D54202B39D0EAE99AF6348B">
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<mods:date id="01057ABE7C1F6E63F5E63BAD01FBC1EE">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="224606FD7BEBEBFDD070D8A2B958A910">2005-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8673D176213F056B7F6591FAE84545C7">62</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="492B3D8270AABC1A635CC86F1C6F645C">https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-62-issue-1-2005/pages-67-89/</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="01359D8E38CD6F4FE633BEC077664CB4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1EFACE925EF8264C2E73666757A8B01A" type="DOI">10.24199/j.mmv.2005.62.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03ACB35ADC75FF9EFF72FAE3FA84F81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665579" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10665579" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ACB35ADC75FF9EFF72FAE3FA84F81F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACB35ADC75FF9EFF72FAE3FA84F81F" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<subSubSection id="C31F51C7DC75FF9EFF72FAE3FE76FAD3" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFF72FAE3FE08FAA0" blockId="7.[130,412,1301,1323]" box="[130,412,1301,1323]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<heading id="D0F2B520DC75FF9EFF72FAE3FE08FAA0" box="[130,412,1301,1323]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" reason="3">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFF20FAE3FE08FAA0" ID-CoL="BMZ" authority="Gill, 1871" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1871" box="[208,412,1301,1323]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFF20FAE3FEBBFAA0" bold="true" box="[208,303,1301,1323]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogiidae</emphasis>
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Gill, 1871
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFF72FAB4FE76FAD3" blockId="7.[130,482,1346,1368]" box="[130,482,1346,1368]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<heading id="D0F2B520DC75FF9EFF72FAB4FE76FAD3" bold="true" box="[130,482,1346,1368]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFF72FAB4FE76FAD3" bold="true" box="[130,482,1346,1368]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Genus and species indeterminate</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F51C7DC75FF9EFF72FA9DFA84F81F" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFF72FA9DFF67FA12" blockId="7.[130,761,1387,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFF72FA9DFEB8FAF5" box="[130,300,1387,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Referred specimen</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFECCFA9AFEE4FAF4" box="[316,368,1388,1407]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P218407, incomplete left tympanic bulla (
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<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFF79FA73FF2BFA12" box="[137,191,1413,1433]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[130,188,1789,1809]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,299,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[770,1054,836,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Miocene to Recent Kogiidae tympanics. A-B, Kogiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation, Portland, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV P218407 (AC). C-D, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 251118. E-F, Scaphokogia cochlearis (Upper Miocene Pisco Formation,Aguada de Lomas level, Arequipa Department, Peru), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 452993. G-H, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete right tympanic, USNM 183008. I-J, Kogia breviceps (Recent, Shelley Beach, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV C24976. A, C, E, G, I, all in dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, all in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665571/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A-B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFF72FA59FF6BF81F" blockId="7.[130,762,1455,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFF72FA59FF6CFA4E" box="[130,248,1455,1477]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Description</emphasis>
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. The most striking aspect of the morphology of P218407 is its small size. The tympanic is polished with rolled edges being rounded off. The preserved portion includes only the medial half of the bulla with very little of the outer lip present. The base of the posterior process of the tympanic has been worn off. In dorsal and ventral view, there is a distinct furrow in the medial edge of the involucrum between the inner posterior prominence and the inner anterior prominence. In ventral view, the furrow between the prominences of the involucrum forms an obtuse angle. There is no preserved ventral keel and the median furrow is very shallow such that it is poorly differentiated from the surrounding ventral surface of the tympanic. The interprominential notch is relatively broad. The anterior edge of the involucrum and outer lip is squared-off. In dorsal view, the involucrum has a consistent width along its length, but is expanded at the level of the inner posterior prominence.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFCEEFEDDFC47FCED" blockId="7.[798,1429,299,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFCEEFEDDFC18FECA" box="[798,908,299,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Discussion</emphasis>
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. P218407 is referred to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB52FEDDFB6AFECA" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1871" box="[1186,1278,299,321]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kogiidae</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of the following features shared with extant and fossil kogiids: (1) small overall size [as
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<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFBF2FE92FB55FEF1" author="Kasuya, T." box="[1026,1217,356,378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref15617" refString="Kasuya, T. 1973. Systematic consideration of Recent toothed whales based on the morphology of tympano-periotic bone. T he Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 25: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1973">Kasuya (1973: 25)</bibRefCitation>
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noted among extant
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFCEEFE77FC19FE1C" authorityName="Flower" authorityYear="1867" box="[798,909,385,407]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Odontoceti">Odontoceti</taxonomicName>
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only
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC37FE74FCC4FE3F" authority="Gervais and d'Orbigny, 1844" authorityName="Gervais and d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1844" class="Mammalia" family="Pontoporiidae" genus="Pontoporia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blainvillei">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFC37FE74FB36FE13" box="[967,1186,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Pontoporia blainvillei</emphasis>
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Gervais and d’Orbigny, 1844
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</taxonomicName>
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has a smaller tympanic, and P218407 does not resemble the tympanic of that taxon]; (2) distinct embayment in the medial edge of the involucrum between the inner anterior and posterior prominences; and (3) squared-off anterior edge of the involucrum and outer lip. It should be noted that the second feature is also seen in the tympanic bullae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFCEEFDBAFB23FDE9" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[798,1207,588,610]" class="Mammalia" family="Physeteridae" genus="Physeter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrocephalus">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFCEEFDBAFB87FDE9" box="[798,1043,588,610]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Physeter macrocephalus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus, 1758
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB32FDBAFB95FDF4" authority="Cope, 1868" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Physeteridae" genus="Orycterocetus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crocodilinus">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB32FDBAFCF1FDF4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Orycterocetus crocodilinus</emphasis>
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Cope, 1868
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFBEFFD9FFBFFFDF4" box="[1055,1131,617,639]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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22953) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFB17FD9FFA1AFDF4" author="Kellogg, R." box="[1255,1422,617,639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="47 - 63" refId="ref15652" refString="Kellogg, R. 1965. Fossil marine mammals from the Miocene Calvert Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Part 2. The Miocene Calvert sperm whale Orycterocetus. United States National Museum Bulletin 247: 47 - 63." type="journal article" year="1965">Kellogg, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFCD6FD70FC34FD17" box="[806,928,646,668]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[138,196,1588,1608]" captionTargetBox="[288,1260,302,1577]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Miocene to Pliocene Physeteridae tympanics. A-B, Physeteridae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), right tympanic, USNM 183007. C-D, Orycterocetus crocodilinus (Middle Miocene Calvert Formation, Zone 14, south of Randle Cliff Beach, Calvert County, Maryland, U.S.A.), right tympanic, USNM 22953. A and C in dorsal view. B and D in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10870918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10870918/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 5C–D</figureCitation>
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), and an Early Pliocene physeterid (
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<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFABAFD70FA01FD17" box="[1354,1429,646,668]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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183007) (
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<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFC8FFD55FC78FD32" box="[895,1004,675,697]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[138,196,1588,1608]" captionTargetBox="[288,1260,302,1577]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Miocene to Pliocene Physeteridae tympanics. A-B, Physeteridae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), right tympanic, USNM 183007. C-D, Orycterocetus crocodilinus (Middle Miocene Calvert Formation, Zone 14, south of Randle Cliff Beach, Calvert County, Maryland, U.S.A.), right tympanic, USNM 22953. A and C in dorsal view. B and D in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10870918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10870918/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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). Despite this similarity between P218407 and the tympanics of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC0DFD49FBEBFD5E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[1021,1151,703,725]" class="Mammalia" family="Physeteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Physeteridae</taxonomicName>
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, the relatively large size of physeterid tympanics precludes P218407 from being considered as a physeterid. Furthermore, the inner posterior prominence in physeterid tympanics is generally more pointed in outline than the rounded outer posterior prominences in kogiid tympanics.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFCCEFC9BFBACFAE4" blockId="7.[798,1429,299,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
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Among fossil
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC14FC9BFBD2FC08" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1871" box="[996,1094,877,899]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kogiidae</taxonomicName>
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, the tympanics of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFADAFC9BFBA3FC2B" authority="(Barnes, 1973 b)" baseAuthorityName="Barnes" baseAuthorityYear="1973" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Praekogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cedrosensis">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFADAFC9BFC05FC2B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Praekogia cedrosensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFC6EFC7CFBA4FC2B" author="Barnes, L. G." box="[926,1072,906,928]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref12817" refString="Barnes, L. G. 1973 b. Praekogia cedrosensis, a new genus and species of fossil pygmy sperm whale from Isla Cedros, Baja California, Mexico. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 247: 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1973">Barnes, 1973b</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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have not been described. A skull of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFCEEFC51FB5FFC36" authority="Muizon, 1988" authorityName="Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[798,1227,935,957]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Scaphokogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
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<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFCEEFC51FBB4FC36" box="[798,1056,935,957]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Scaphokogia cochlearis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFBC1FC51FB5FFC36" author="Muizon, C. de" box="[1073,1227,935,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref16286" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1988. Les vertebres fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Perou). Troisieme partie: Les odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) miocenes. Travaux de l'Institut Francais d'Etudes Andines 42: 1 - 244." type="journal article" year="1988">Muizon, 1988</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFB13FC51FABBFC36" box="[1251,1327,935,957]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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452993) includes an associated incomplete left tympanic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFAECFC32FA1DFC51" box="[1308,1417,964,986]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[130,188,1789,1809]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,299,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[770,1054,836,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Miocene to Recent Kogiidae tympanics. A-B, Kogiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation, Portland, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV P218407 (AC). C-D, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 251118. E-F, Scaphokogia cochlearis (Upper Miocene Pisco Formation,Aguada de Lomas level, Arequipa Department, Peru), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 452993. G-H, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete right tympanic, USNM 183008. I-J, Kogia breviceps (Recent, Shelley Beach, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV C24976. A, C, E, G, I, all in dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, all in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665571/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tympanic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC24FC17FBCCFC7C" authorityName="Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[980,1112,993,1015]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Scaphokogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFC24FC17FBCCFC7C" box="[980,1112,993,1015]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">S. cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to the tympanics of extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC91FC08FC09FB9F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1846" box="[865,925,1022,1044]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFC91FC08FC09FB9F" box="[865,925,1022,1044]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its relatively small size and possession of a distinct embayment in the medial side of the involucrum between the inner anterior and posterior prominences. The most notable difference between the tympanic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB5DFBA3FAA2FBE0" authorityName="Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[1197,1334,1109,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Scaphokogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB5DFBA3FAA2FBE0" box="[1197,1334,1109,1131]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">S. cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the Portland kogiid tympanic lies in the more marked inflation of the inner posterior prominence of P218407.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB10FB78FAF7FB2F" authorityName="Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[1248,1379,1166,1188]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Scaphokogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB10FB78FAF7FB2F" box="[1248,1379,1166,1188]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">S. cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a less expanded inner posterior prominence, such that the embayment in the medial face of the involucrum is not as deep as in P218407. In this respect,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB7DFB13FAE9FB70" authorityName="Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[1165,1405,1253,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Scaphokogia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cochlearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB7DFB13FAE9FB70" box="[1165,1405,1253,1275]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Scaphokogia cochlearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to two undescribed Early Pliocene kogiids from the Lee Creek Mine,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C1CCAEDC75FF9EFC41FAE9FBDBFABE" box="[945,1103,1311,1333]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFB94FAE9FB3AFABE" box="[1124,1198,1311,1333]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
183008,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFAEBFAE9FA05FABE" box="[1307,1425,1311,1333]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[130,188,1789,1809]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,299,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[770,1054,836,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Miocene to Recent Kogiidae tympanics. A-B, Kogiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation, Portland, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV P218407 (AC). C-D, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 251118. E-F, Scaphokogia cochlearis (Upper Miocene Pisco Formation,Aguada de Lomas level, Arequipa Department, Peru), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 452993. G-H, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete right tympanic, USNM 183008. I-J, Kogia breviceps (Recent, Shelley Beach, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV C24976. A, C, E, G, I, all in dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, all in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665571/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED149A89DC75FF9EFCEEFACAFCF2FAD9" box="[798,870,1340,1362]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
251118,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFC3BFACAFBAAFAD9" box="[971,1086,1340,1362]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[130,188,1789,1809]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,299,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[770,1054,836,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Miocene to Recent Kogiidae tympanics. A-B, Kogiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation, Portland, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV P218407 (AC). C-D, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 251118. E-F, Scaphokogia cochlearis (Upper Miocene Pisco Formation,Aguada de Lomas level, Arequipa Department, Peru), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 452993. G-H, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete right tympanic, USNM 183008. I-J, Kogia breviceps (Recent, Shelley Beach, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV C24976. A, C, E, G, I, all in dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, all in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665571/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB00FACAFC54FAE4" authority="Blainville, 1838" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB00FACAFA01FAD9" box="[1264,1429,1340,1362]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogia breviceps</emphasis>
|
||
Blainville, 1838
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E1EC9DC75FF9EFC3EFAAFFBBFFAE4" box="[974,1067,1369,1391]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[130,188,1789,1809]" captionTargetBox="[210,1345,299,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[770,1054,836,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Miocene to Recent Kogiidae tympanics. A-B, Kogiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Pliocene Whalers Bluff Formation, Portland, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV P218407 (AC). C-D, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 251118. E-F, Scaphokogia cochlearis (Upper Miocene Pisco Formation,Aguada de Lomas level, Arequipa Department, Peru), incomplete left tympanic, USNM 452993. G-H, Kogiidae gen. et sp. undet. (Lower Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, U.S.A.), incomplete right tympanic, USNM 183008. I-J, Kogia breviceps (Recent, Shelley Beach, Victoria, Australia), incomplete left tympanic, NMV C24976. A, C, E, G, I, all in dorsal view. B, D, F, H, J, all in ventral view. Scale bars equal 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10665571" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10665571/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFCCEFA80FBD4F88F" blockId="7.[798,1429,299,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
|
||
The features which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFBE8FA80FB26FA07" author="Kasuya, T." box="[1048,1202,1398,1420]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref15617" refString="Kasuya, T. 1973. Systematic consideration of Recent toothed whales based on the morphology of tympano-periotic bone. T he Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 25: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1973">Kasuya (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used to differentiate between Recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC37FA65FBFCFA22" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1838" box="[967,1128,1427,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFC37FA65FBFCFA22" box="[967,1128,1427,1449]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogia breviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB6DFA65FAFBFA23" authority="Owen, 1866" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[1181,1391,1426,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB6DFA65FB7FFA22" box="[1181,1259,1427,1449]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">K. sima</emphasis>
|
||
Owen, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not preserved in P218407. However, comparison between figures of the tympanic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFBFBFA3BFBC3FA68" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[1035,1111,1485,1507]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFBFBFA3BFBC3FA68" box="[1035,1111,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">K. sima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFB94FA3AFB66FA69" author="Kasuya, T." box="[1124,1266,1484,1506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref15617" refString="Kasuya, T. 1973. Systematic consideration of Recent toothed whales based on the morphology of tympano-periotic bone. T he Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 25: 1 - 103." type="journal article" year="1973">Kasuya, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: plate VIII), and actual specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFC01FA1FFBFBFA74" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1838" box="[1009,1135,1513,1535]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFC01FA1FFBFBFA74" box="[1009,1135,1513,1535]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">K. breviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C24972, C24976), indicate that P218407 differs from both extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB49F9F0FAD3F997" box="[1209,1351,1542,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFB49F9F0FB61F997" box="[1209,1269,1542,1564]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in: (1) embayment in medial edge of involucrum between the inner prominences is markedly deeper; and (2) the involucrum is less dorsoventrally and mediolaterally inflated. Despite these differences, P218407 is almost identical in size to the tympanics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFCC9F961FC4EF926" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1838" box="[825,986,1687,1709]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" genus="Kogia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="breviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971DE5EDC75FF9EFCC9F961FC4EF926" box="[825,986,1687,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Kogia breviceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Given that the currently available evidence is meagre, P218407 is not identified below family level.
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68737F7DC75FF9EFAAEF942FCBEF96C" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[138,187,298,318]" captionTargetBox="[138,1401,377,818]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2. Measurements of tympanics of Physeteridae and Kogiidae. Measurements follow methodology of Kasuya (1973). All measurements are in mm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7A52C4DC7AFF91FF7AFEDCFF5FFED3" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" tableUuid="DF7A52C4DC7AFF91FF7AFEDCFF5FFED3">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
compares some dimensions of the tympanics of kogiids and physeterids discussed above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA024CDC75FF9EFCBDF8FCFA84F81F" blockId="7.[798,1429,299,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
|
||
P218407 is the first fossil record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0579CFDC75FF9EFB08F8FCFAC0F8AB" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1871" box="[1272,1364,1802,1824]" class="Mammalia" family="Kogiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kogiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31242DCDC75FF9EFCEEF8D1FCE9F8B6" box="[798,893,1831,1853]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Fossil kogiids have previously been reported in the SW Pacific region, from the?Late Miocene of the Chatham Rise, east of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31242DCDC75FF9EFC6FF897FBB0F8FC" box="[927,1060,1889,1911]" name="New Zealand" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFBC1F897FB5BF8FC" author="Fordyce, R. E." box="[1073,1231,1889,1911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="117 - 120" refId="ref14163" refString="Fordyce, R. E. 1984 a. Preliminary report on cetacean bones from Chatham Rise (New Zealand). Geologisches Jahrbuch, Reihe D Heft 65: 117 - 120." type="journal article" year="1984">Fordyce, 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but that record has a poorly constrained age (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFBD2F888FB23F81F" author="Fordyce, R. E." box="[1058,1207,1918,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="269 - 281" refId="ref14246" refString="Fordyce, R. E. 1989. Origin and evolution of Antarctic marine mammals. Pp. 269 - 281 in: Crame, J. A. (ed), Origins and Evolution of the Antarctic Biota. Geological Society Special Publication No. 47." type="book chapter" year="1989">Fordyce, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF947FBDDC75FF9EFB32F888FA90F81F" author="Fordyce, R. E." box="[1218,1284,1918,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" pagination="1165 - 1190" refId="ref14372" refString="Fordyce, R. E. 1991 b. The Australasian marine vertebrate record and its climatic and geographic implications. Pp. 1165 - 1190 in: Vickers-Rich, P., Monaghan, J. M., Baird, R. F., and Rich, T. H. (eds), Vertebrate Palaeontology of Australasia. Pioneer Design Studio in cooperation with the Monash University Publications Committee: Melbourne." type="book chapter" year="1991">1991b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |