489 lines
72 KiB
XML
489 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="23544EB5E4276C5AD62AC2D4A3AC13E1">Caves as a key habitat for rare and endemic species of the west coast of North America: a taxonomic revision of the spider genus Oaphantes (Araneae Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E6534A7DA7059CEB512B1F704C397EE9">Paquin, P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D8123D14C4AE8E8B0260973BC325205">Scienceinfuse Inc., 12 Chemin Saxby Sud, Shefford, Québec, J 2 M 1 S 2, Canada.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F4259DA76A0EBA0828D2C7536E30C6EE">Dupérré, N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C2048A98E62BCEB6F32140F2C14CAD8C">Department of Arachnology, Centrum für Naturkunde, Universität Hamburg, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3168F55B28C5E22CBCB2F200ACDAABD6">Buckle, D. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F655DE960667F02E8B32A0D44F611B45">16 - 3415 Calder Crescent, Saskatoon Saskatchewan, S 7 J 5 A 3, Canada.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C8C03AB1DDD97ADFD18F89050C600E27">California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="96EA77382FBA5FED7EFC7FBA672D5CAA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E7167B8D2402762E498E1DD44CC3C181">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396981" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176576010" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4396981" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB2FFDDFF62826DDA6D26DF" box="[151,588,618,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF62826DDA6D26DF" blockId="2.[151,588,618,681]" box="[151,588,618,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<heading id="D0D35875FFB2FFDDFF62826DDA6D26DF" bold="true" box="[151,588,618,645]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFF62826DDA6D26DF" ID-CoL="488SN" authority="(Banks, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[151,588,618,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF62826DDA6D26DF" bold="true" box="[151,588,618,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF62826DD9BB26DE" bold="true" box="[151,410,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Oaphantes pallidulus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFE5C826DDA6526DF" author="Banks, N." box="[425,580,618,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="331 - 376" refId="ref9799" refString="Banks, N. (1904) Some Arachnida from California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 3, 3 (13), 331 - 376." type="journal article" year="1904">Banks, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB2FFDDFF628288D91426F2" box="[151,309,654,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF628288D91426F2" blockId="2.[151,588,618,681]" box="[151,309,654,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFF6A8288D92526F2" box="[159,260,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Figs 1–8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFEE58289D90C26F2" box="[272,301,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[168,1405,269,1941]" captionTargetId="figure-48@9.[151,1436,237,1961]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 25. Distribution map of Oaphantes pallidulus (Banks 1904), O. cryophilus n. sp. and O. prometheus n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396983/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">25</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF6282D4D93B26B0" box="[151,282,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Bahyphantes</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFED582D4DA6226B0" authority="Banks, 1904 b: 346" authorityName="Banks" authorityPageNumber="346" authorityYear="1904" box="[288,579,723,747]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFED582D4D95D26B0" box="[288,380,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">pallidula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFE7782D4DA2526B0" author="Banks, N." box="[386,516,723,747]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="331 - 376" refId="ref9799" refString="Banks, N. (1904) Some Arachnida from California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 3, 3 (13), 331 - 376." type="journal article" year="1904">Banks, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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b: 346
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, fig. 45 (Description of male).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF6282F5DD792772" blockId="2.[151,1437,723,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFF6282F5DAB12752" author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[151,656,754,778]" page="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="1943">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFF6282F5DAB12752" ID-CoL="488SN" authority="Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943: 7" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,656,754,778]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF6282F5D9512751" box="[151,368,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Oaphantes pallidulus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFE8282F5DAB12752" author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[375,656,754,778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref9999" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W. (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 33 (10), Biological Series, 7 (6), 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1943">Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943: 7</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 10–11. (Transferred male from
|
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFBF482F5DCB32751" box="[1025,1170,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFBF482F5DCAF2751" ID-CoL="38PV" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[1025,1166,754,778]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bathyphantes</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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described female),
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFAAC82F5D9A92772" author="Briggs, T. S. & Ubick, D." page="44" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFAAC82F5D9A92772" author="Briggs, T. S. & Ubick, D." pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="43 - 44" refId="ref9831" refString="Briggs, T. S. & Ubick, D. (1988) Cavernicoles from Cave Gulch, Santa Cruz County. California Caver, 38 (2), 43 - 44." type="journal article" year="1988">Briggs & Ubick, 1988: 44</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFE678317DAA62772" author="Buckle, D. J. & Carroll, D. & Crawford, R. L. & Roth, V. D." box="[402,647,784,809]" page="243" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFE678317DAA62772" author="Buckle, D. J. & Carroll, D. & Crawford, R. L. & Roth, V. D." box="[402,647,784,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="89 - 191" refId="ref9866" refString="Buckle, D. J., Carroll, D., Crawford, R. L. & Roth, V. D. (2001) Linyphiidae and Pimoidae of America north of Mexico: Checklist, synonymy, and literature. In: Paquin, P. & Buckle, D. J. (Eds.), Contributions a la Connaissance des Araignees (Araneae) d'Amerique du Nord, Fabreries, Supplement 10, pp. 89 - 191." type="journal article" year="2001">
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Buckle
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFE158316DA2C2773" box="[480,525,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">et al</emphasis>
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., 2001: 243
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFD678317DB192772" author="Ubick, D." box="[658,824,784,809]" page="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFD678317DB192772" author="Ubick, D." box="[658,824,784,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" refId="ref11069" refString="Ubick, D. (2001) Cavernicolous invertebrates of Cave Gulch, Santa Cruz County, California. Report to the Wilder Ranch State Park. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, 32 pp." type="book" year="2001">Ubick, 2001: 10</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFCB68317DC7A2773" author="Paquin, P. & Duperre, N. & Reddell, J. R." box="[835,1115,784,809]" page="51" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFCB68317DC7A2773" author="Paquin, P. & Duperre, N. & Reddell, J. R." box="[835,1115,784,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="37 - 56" refId="ref10723" refString="Paquin, P., Duperre, N. & Reddell, J. R. (2009 a) A new troglophilic Agyneta from Colorado, the first description of the female of Agyneta llanoensis from Texas caves, and a classification of North American cave Linyphiidae (Araneae) as troglobites or troglophiles. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 7 (Studies on the cave and endogean fauna of North America), V, 37 - 56." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Paquin
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFC7A8316DB9D2773" box="[911,956,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">et al</emphasis>
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., 2009a: 51–53
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A85C908FFB2FFDDFB938317DD752772" author="Elliott, W. R. & Reddell, J. R. & Rudolph, D. C. & Graening, G. O. & Briggs, T. S. & Ubick, D. & Aalbu, R. L. & Krejca, J. & Taylor, S. J." box="[1126,1364,784,809]" page="181" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFB938317DD752772" author="Elliott, W. R. & Reddell, J. R. & Rudolph, D. C. & Graening, G. O. & Briggs, T. S. & Ubick, D. & Aalbu, R. L. & Krejca, J. & Taylor, S. J." box="[1126,1364,784,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 311" refId="ref10128" refString="Elliott, W. R., Reddell, J. R., Rudolph, D. C., Graening, G. O., Briggs, T. S., Ubick, D., Aalbu, R. L., Krejca, J. & Taylor, S. J. (2017) The cave fauna of California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 64 (Supplement 1), 1 - 311." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
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Elliott
|
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFB598316DCFE2773" box="[1196,1247,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">et al.</emphasis>
|
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, 2017: 181
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB2FFDDFF628350DB9821EA" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF628350DB2C205A" blockId="2.[151,1437,854,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
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<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF628350D943272B" bold="true" box="[151,354,854,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Type material.—</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFE978350DA99272A" authority="Banks" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1904" box="[354,696,855,881]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
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||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFE978350DA46272A" box="[354,615,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Bathyphantes pallidula</emphasis>
|
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Banks
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, EXAMINED.
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFC9D8350DC3C272A" bold="true" box="[872,1053,855,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F51BBFFB2FFDDFC9D8350DBF4272A" box="[872,981,855,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Label 1: “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFB628350D8FC27CE" authority="Banks" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1904" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFB628350DDBD272A" box="[1175,1436,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Bathyphantes pallidula</emphasis>
|
||
Banks
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type. Claremont [W 117˚, N 36˚], Los Angeles CA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333AF89FFB2FFDDFCD2837CDB5527CE" box="[807,884,891,917]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
Baker (Nathan Banks Coll.) MCZ 22485”. Label 2: “(Nathan Banks Coll.)”. There is some ambiguity about the type depository, which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFBAF8398DDBD27E2" author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[1114,1436,927,953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref9999" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W. (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 33 (10), Biological Series, 7 (6), 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1943">Chamberlin & Ivie (1943: 8)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
give as CAS.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB2FFDDFEC383C4DA2B2786" author="Banks, N." box="[310,522,963,989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" pagination="331 - 376" refId="ref9799" refString="Banks, N. (1904) Some Arachnida from California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 3, 3 (13), 331 - 376." type="journal article" year="1904">Banks (1904: 232)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549F51BBFFB2FFDDFD4C83C4DB072786" box="[697,806,963,989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of the 38 new species will be divided between the two institutions but did not indicate which species go where.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF32840DDB9821EA" blockId="2.[151,1437,854,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF32840DD980207F" bold="true" box="[199,417,1034,1060]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Other material.—</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFE54840DD9C1207F" bold="true" box="[417,480,1034,1060]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F333AF89FFB2FFDDFE54840DD9FA207F" box="[417,475,1034,1060]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFE1D840CDA47207E" box="[488,614,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E021FBFFB2FFDDFE1D840CDA41207E" box="[488,608,1035,1061]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FA9795FFB2FFDDFD9B840CDB3A207E" box="[622,795,1035,1061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">San Mateo Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFF7563FFB2FFDDFCD2840CDC36207E" box="[807,1047,1035,1061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">San Bruno Mountain</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, N slope nr
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB57840CD8EC2012" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB57840CD8EC2012" country="United States of America" county="San Mateo Co." municipality="San Bruno Mountain" name="Guadaloupe Industrial Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Guadaloupe Industrial Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFF288428D97F2012" box="[221,350,1071,1097]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1998-12-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFF288428D97F2012" box="[221,350,1071,1097]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1998-12-11">11.xii.1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coastal scrub with chaparral, under sandstone (graywacke) rock,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFB908428DCA82012" box="[1125,1161,1071,1097]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFB6F8428DD252012" box="[1178,1284,1071,1097]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">D. Ubick</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFAC58428DDBC2012" box="[1328,1437,1071,1097]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">T. Briggs</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFF6A8454D8C12036" box="[159,224,1107,1133]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CDU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FA9795FFB2FFDDFF068454D9872036" box="[243,422,1107,1133]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Santa Clara Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFE448454DA302036" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFE448454DA302036" box="[433,529,1107,1133]" country="United States of America" county="Santa Clara Co." name="Stanford" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Stanford</location>
|
||
[sic, coordinates and original paper mention Santa Cruz, see remark] 122.37 nw.,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFF628470D93820CA" box="[151,281,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1928-12-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFF628470D93820CA" box="[151,281,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1928-12-19">19.xii.1928</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFED08470D96820CA" box="[293,329,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, J.C.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFE7D8470DA2D20CA" box="[392,524,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Chamberlin</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFDEE8470DA5620CA" box="[539,631,1143,1169]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FA9795FFB2FFDDFD7F8470DB1620CA" box="[650,823,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Santa Cruz Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFF7563FFB2FFDDFCB78470DBF620CA" box="[834,983,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Dolloff Cave</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFC168470DC4B20CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFC168470DC4B20CA" box="[995,1130,1143,1169]" country="United States of America" county="Santa Cruz Co." municipality="Dolloff Cave" name="Cave Gulch" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Cave Gulch</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFB838470DCDE20CA" box="[1142,1279,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1963-08-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFB838470DCDE20CA" box="[1142,1279,1143,1169]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1963-08-28">28.viii.1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, hand collect- ing,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFF3F849CD8CF20EE" box="[202,238,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFF0E849CD9AE20EE" box="[251,399,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">R.E. Graham</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFE6B849CD9DB20EE" box="[414,506,1179,1205]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); same,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFDA3849CDA9920EE" box="[598,696,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1988-05-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFDA3849CDA9920EE" box="[598,696,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1988-05-07">7.v.1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFD30849CDAC920EE" box="[709,744,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, D.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFCEC849CDB4120EE" box="[793,864,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Ubick</collectorName>
|
||
, T.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFC7F849CDBF620EE" box="[906,983,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Briggs</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFC17849CDC7620EE" box="[994,1111,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">W. Savary</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFB8E849CDD2B20EE" box="[1147,1290,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">W. Rauscher</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFAEC849CDD7B20EE" box="[1305,1370,1179,1205]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CDU</collectionCode>
|
||
); IXL
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFF6284B8D8F22082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFF6284B8D8F22082" box="[151,211,1215,1241]" country="United States of America" name="Cave" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Cave</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFF1584B8D94B2082" box="[224,362,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1963-08-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFF1584B8D94B2082" box="[224,362,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1963-08-28">28.viii.1963</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, under wood on floor, hand collecting,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFCDE84B8DB6F2082" box="[811,846,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFCA384B8DB5B2082" box="[854,890,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFC7C84B8DC3C2082" box="[905,1053,1215,1241]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">R.E. Graham</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFBD884B8DCA82082" box="[1069,1161,1215,1241]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB6B84B8DDB92082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB6B84B8DDB92082" box="[1182,1432,1215,1241]" country="United States of America" name="Santa Cruz City Cave" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Santa Cruz City Cave</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFF6284E4D92220A6" box="[151,259,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1960-01-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFF6284E4D92220A6" box="[151,259,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1960-01-31">31.i.1960</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, under wood on floor, hand collecting,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFD4684E4DAF620A6" box="[691,727,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFD1784E4DB5520A6" box="[738,884,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">R.E. Graham</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFC7784E4DBFF20A6" box="[898,990,1251,1277]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFF7563FFB2FFDDFC0584E4DC5A20A6" box="[1008,1147,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Stump Cave</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB7084E4DD2A20A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB7084E4DD2A20A6" box="[1157,1291,1251,1277]" country="United States of America" municipality="Stump Cave" name="Cave Gulch" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Cave Gulch</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFAE384E4DDB920A6" box="[1302,1432,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2001-07-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFAE384E4DDB920A6" box="[1302,1432,1251,1277]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2001-07-27">27.vii.2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, hand collecting,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFEA08500D959217A" box="[341,376,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFE7C8500D9D5217A" box="[393,500,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">D. Ubick</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFDF48500DA4D217A" box="[513,620,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">T. Briggs</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFD888500DA9F217A" box="[637,702,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CDU</collectionCode>
|
||
); same,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFCE88501DBA8217A" box="[797,905,1286,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2005-01-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFCE88501DBA8217A" box="[797,905,1286,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2005-01-22">22.i.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, in cave along walls in webs, hand collecting,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFF62852CD89B211E" box="[151,186,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFF34852CD8C7211E" box="[193,230,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, P.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFEF9852CD97B211E" box="[268,346,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Paquin</collectorName>
|
||
& D.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFE55852CD9C5211E" box="[416,484,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Ubick</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFE06852CDA63211E" box="[499,578,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CPAD</collectionCode>
|
||
); same,
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFD69852CDB3E211E" box="[668,799,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2010-07-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFD69852CDB3E211E" box="[668,799,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2010-07-26">26.vii.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFCDF852CDB6C211E" box="[810,845,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, J.M.
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFC61852CDBCF211E" box="[916,1006,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Ledford</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFC08852CDC1F211E" box="[1021,1086,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CDU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FA9795FFB2FFDDFBA4852CDCCE211E" box="[1105,1263,1323,1349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Monterey Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB0E852CDDB9211E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFB0E852CDDB9211E" box="[1275,1432,1323,1349]" country="United States of America" county="Monterey Co." latitude="36.616665" longLatPrecision="1186" longitude="-121.9" name="Pacific Grove" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Pacific Grove</location>
|
||
, [121°N, 36°W on label] [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1089DEFFB2FFDDFE458548DA342132" box="[432,533,1359,1385]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="36.616665">36°37’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1089DEFFB2FFDDFDD58549DAB62132" box="[544,663,1358,1385]" degrees="121" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" precision="925" value="-121.9">121°54’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFD508549DB0E2132" box="[677,815,1358,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1931-08-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFD508549DB0E2132" box="[677,815,1358,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="1931-08-15">15.viii.1931</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFCCF8548DB7F2132" box="[826,862,1359,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFC9F8548DB9D2132" box="[874,956,1359,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">W. Ivie</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFC3F8548DC072132" box="[970,1062,1359,1385]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FA9795FFB2FFDDFBCD8548DCC52132" box="[1080,1252,1359,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">San Benito Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
, 1400
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFF7563FFB2FFDDFADB8548DD452132" box="[1326,1380,1359,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Hwy</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
101,
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFF628574D94C21D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFF628574D94C21D6" box="[151,365,1395,1421]" country="United States of America" county="San Benito Co." latitude="36.86023" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.61266" municipality="Hwy" name="Monterey Vacation" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Monterey Vacation</location>
|
||
RV
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFE6A8574D9F421D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFE6A8574D9F421D6" box="[415,469,1395,1421]" country="United States of America" county="San Benito Co." latitude="36.86023" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.61266" municipality="Hwy" name="Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Park</location>
|
||
, below
|
||
<location id="8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFDD98574DAEB21D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D5E0FFFB2FFDBFF62826DD9C920B2:8EFBB9C2FFB2FFDDFDD98574DAEB21D6" box="[556,714,1395,1421]" country="United States of America" county="San Benito Co." latitude="36.86023" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.61266" municipality="Hwy" name="Pinacate Peak" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" stateProvince="California">Pinacate Peak</location>
|
||
, north-facing oak hillside south of park, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1089DEFFB2FFDDFB6D8574DD2521D6" box="[1176,1284,1395,1421]" degrees="36.86023" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" precision="1" value="36.86023">36.86023</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1089DEFFB2FFDDFAFE8574DDB721D6" box="[1291,1430,1394,1421]" degrees="121.61266" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" precision="1" value="-121.61266">- 121.61266</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FF9AC9D9FFB2FFDDFF628590D93321EA" box="[151,274,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2006-03-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDE3031FFB2FFDDFF628590D93321EA" box="[151,274,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" value="2006-03-11">11.iii.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D222490FFB2FFDDFEE88590D96621EA" box="[285,327,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDC42FCFFB2FFDDFEA08590D9A621EA" box="[341,391,1431,1457]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="90.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0009082AFFB2FFDDFEA08590D9A621EA" box="[341,391,1431,1457]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" unit="m" value="90.0">90m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
altitude, under boulders,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D18ACFFFB2FFDDFD508590DB3121EA" box="[677,784,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFCED8590DB6821EA" box="[792,841,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3577DCFFB2FFDDFCAB8590DB8C21EA" box="[862,941,1431,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">CPAD</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB2FFDDFF3285BDDCF9228A" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDDFF3285BDDCF9228A" blockId="2.[151,1437,854,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF3285BDD97C218F" bold="true" box="[199,349,1466,1492]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Diagnosis.—</emphasis>
|
||
Males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFDA485BCDAC2218E" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[593,739,1467,1493]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFDA485BCDAC2218E" box="[593,739,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">O. pallidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFC0585BCDCB2218E" authority="Paquin & Dupérré & Buckle & Ubick, 2020" authorityName="Paquin & Dupérré & Buckle & Ubick" authorityYear="2020" box="[1008,1171,1467,1493]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prometheus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFC0585BCDCB2218E" box="[1008,1171,1467,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">O. prometheus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2638E70FFB2FFDDFB6C85BCDCF5218E" box="[1177,1236,1467,1493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in genitalic structures (male palp with large terminal apophysis (TA) and female with long scape (SC)) (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFB2285D8DD1821A2" box="[1239,1337,1503,1529]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Figs 3, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
with 19, 22) but differ by their larger size and the presence of eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFCDD8604DB4C2246" box="[808,877,1539,1565]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, males are distinguished by a larger paracymbium bearing a longitudinal keel curving apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFCC48620DB55221A" box="[817,884,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) and an embolus (E) harbouring a spike on basal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFF26864CD938223E" box="[211,281,1611,1637]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females are distinguished by their dome-shaped anterior epigynal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFB8C864CDC9F223D" box="[1145,1214,1611,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), a long scape (SC) slightly enlarging at tip that nearly reaching the tip of the abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFC5F8668DC3222D2" box="[938,1043,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Figs 6, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Males are distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFA748668D92C22F6" authority="Paquin & Dupérré & Buckle & Ubick, 2020" authorityName="Paquin & Dupérré & Buckle & Ubick" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cryophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFA748668D92C22F6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">O. cryophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2638E70FFB2FFDDFEE18694D97022F6" box="[276,337,1683,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by their large terminal apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFD228694DB1A22F6" box="[727,827,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), absent in the latter species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFB738694DD2622F6" box="[1158,1287,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[164,1425,196,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-29@6.[151,1436,181,1848]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. Oaphantes cryophilus. 9, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 10, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 11, male palp, retrolateral view; 12, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus dentation); 13, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 14, epigynum, ventral view; 15, internal genitalia, dorsal view, 16, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 9–10, 14–16 = 0.5mm; figures 11–13 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396977/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Figs 11, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
); females are distinguished by their curved secondary spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFCF186B0DB76228A" box="[772,855,1718,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–16" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[164,1425,196,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-29@6.[151,1436,181,1848]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–16. Oaphantes cryophilus. 9, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 10, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 11, male palp, retrolateral view; 12, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus dentation); 13, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 14, epigynum, ventral view; 15, internal genitalia, dorsal view, 16, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 9–10, 14–16 = 0.5mm; figures 11–13 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396977" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396977/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB2FFDDFC1186B0DC57228A" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[996,1142,1719,1745]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFC1186B0DC57228A" box="[996,1142,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">O. pallidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFB7086B0DCEB228A" box="[1157,1226,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB2FFDBFF3286DDDCE727FE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="2" pageNumber="351" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB2FFDBFF3286DDDB32258A" blockId="2.[151,1437,854,1961]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFF3286DDD95522AF" bold="true" box="[199,372,1754,1780]" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Description.—</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFE8086DCD9D822AE" box="[373,505,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Male (n=5)</emphasis>
|
||
: Total length: 2.17–2.77; carapace length: 1.09–1.36; carapace width: 0.82–1.02; carapace smooth, shiny, light yellow orange (130M), slightly raised in cephalic region, bearing 2–4 erect setae along midline. Sternum light yellow orange (130M). Chelicerae light orange (137M), promargin carinated with 4 teeth and a mastidion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFE678740D9F7233A" box="[402,470,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), retromargin with 4 denticles, presence of setae-tipped tubercles on cheliceral surface. Cheliceral stridulatory organ visible with
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB2FFDDFD86876CDAA323DE" box="[627,642,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">∼</emphasis>
|
||
20 striae. Endites light yellow orange (130M) with a single setose tubercle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB2FFDDFF1E8788D90D23F2" box="[235,300,1935,1961]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="351">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdomen off-white (7500M), sub-cylindrical, pointed apically, covered with long semi-erect setae; ventral surface of abdomen with oval striated epigastric plates. Legs long and slender, light yellow orange (130M), formula 1-4-2-3; tibia I–IV with 2 long dorsal macrosetae; metatarsus I with dorsal trichobothrium, Tm I 0.28, Tm IV absent; coxae IV with stridulatory pick. Palpal femur with stridulatory pick. Male palp: paracymbium complex (P) with a longitudinal keel curving apically, a proximal pocket (PPO), a proximal protuberance bearing three long setae, and one short seta on its apical part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFD8B8120DAE3251A" box="[638,706,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); embolus (E) long, smooth, bearing a spike on basal half, curving and extending beyond the cymbium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFD9F814CDAF0253E" box="[618,721,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); embolic membrane (EM) large and long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFB35814CDD09253E" box="[1216,1320,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); terminal apophysis (TA) basally well sclerotized with an embossed surface, apical part membranous and acuminate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFABB8168D88625F6" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); lamella characteristica (LC) slender and twisted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFD108194DB6B25F6" box="[741,842,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); 1 tooth on distal suprategular apophysis (SA) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFA9F8194D8E2258A" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFD3481B0DB24258A" box="[705,773,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5BBF91FFB3FFDCFF62874DD8E723A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="352" startId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" targetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB3FFDCFF62874DD8E723A8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1866,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="352">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB3FFDCFF62874DD91D2338" bold="true" box="[151,316,1866,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="352">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB3FFDCFEB7874CDA3D2338" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[322,540,1867,1891]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB3FFDCFEB7874CDA3D2338" box="[322,540,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="352">Oaphantes pallidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB4FFDBFF3281DCDCE727FE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF3281DCD94725AE" box="[199,358,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Female (n=5)</emphasis>
|
||
: Total length: 2.53–3.15; carapace length: 1.16–1.33; carapace width: 0.87–0.97; carapace colouration as in male, not elevated in cephalic region, bearing 4–5 erect setae along midline. Colouration of sternum and chelicerae as in male, promargin of chelicerae with 4 large teeth and 1 medium sized tooth, retromargin with four denticles, presence of setae-tipped tubercles on cheliceral surface. Cheliceral stridulatory organ visible with
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF62826CD88726DE" box="[151,166,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">∼</emphasis>
|
||
15 striae. Endite colouration as in male, without setose tubercle. Abdomen colouration as in male, sub-cylindrical, pointed apically, covered with long semi-erect setae; ventral surface of abdomen bearing oval striated epigastric plates. Legs long and slender, light yellow orange (130M), formula 1-4-2-3; tibia I–IV with 2 long dorsal macrosetae; metatarsus I with dorsal trichobothrium, Tm I 0.24–0.27, Tm IV absent; coxae IV with stridulatory pick. Palpal femur with stridulatory pick. Epigynum characterized by the broad, dome-shaped anterior margin of scape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFABF82FCDDAF274D" box="[1354,1422,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), gradually narrowing in a long scape (SC), slightly enlarging apically and almost reaching the apex of the abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFF558344D8C52706" box="[160,228,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
); spermathecae (S) oval, secondary spermathecae (SS) elongate, straight and directed posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFAB28344DDAC2706" box="[1351,1421,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory openings (CO) located on the underside of scape near the apex, associated with terminal pockets (TP) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFF55838CD8C527FE" box="[160,228,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory ducts (CD) long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFDC9838CDAA027FE" box="[572,641,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
); fertilization ducts (FD) short and sinuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131FF39CFFB4FFDBFB86838CDC9927FE" box="[1139,1208,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES" captionStartId="3.[151,168,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,192,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[158,1430,179,1841]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Oaphantes pallidulus. 1, endite and chelicera of male, lateral view (arrow points to setose tubercle); 2, face of male, frontal view (arrow points to mastidion); 3, male palp, retrolateral view (arrow points to paracymbial keel); 4, male palp, prolateral view (arrow points to embolus spike): 5, embolic division of male palp, prolateral view; 6, epigynum, ventral view; 7, internal genitalia, dorsal view; 8, epigynum of female, lateral view. Scale bars for figures 1–4, 6–8 = 0.5mm, figure 5 = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB4FFDBFF3283A9D8DE204A" pageId="4" pageNumber="353" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB4FFDBFF3283A9DC062792" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,1063,942,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF3283A9D95D2793" bold="true" box="[199,380,942,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Distribution.—</emphasis>
|
||
Coastal
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E021FBFFB4FFDBFE2283A8DA682792" box="[471,585,943,969]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
from San Mateo to Los Angeles Counties.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB4FFDBFF3283D5D8DE204A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF3283D5D96727B7" bold="true" box="[199,326,978,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Habitat.—</emphasis>
|
||
Troglophilic species with several cave records but also known from coastal scrub under stones and boulders.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB4FFDBFF32841CDBCF206E" box="[199,1006,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB4FFDBFF32841CDBCF206E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" box="[199,1006,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF32841CD948206E" bold="true" box="[199,361,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Etymology.—</emphasis>
|
||
The Latin translation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C24949AFFB4FFDBFD8F841CDACB206E" authorityName="Chamberlin & Ivie" authorityYear="1943" box="[634,746,1051,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Oaphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFD8F841CDACB206E" box="[634,746,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">pallidulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
means somewhat pale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33EBC92FFB4FFDBFF328438D9C920B2" pageId="4" pageNumber="353" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9BEF19FFB4FFDBFF328438D9C920B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950330BFFB4FFDBFF328438D9762002" bold="true" box="[199,343,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353">Remarks.—</emphasis>
|
||
There is some confusion about the male specimen collected by J. C. Chamberlin in Santa Clara County. The locality information found on the label is different than the information found in the original paper by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB592E8FFB4FFDBFF628480D99E20FA" author="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W." box="[151,447,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="353" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref9999" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. & Ivie, W. (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 33 (10), Biological Series, 7 (6), 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1943">Chamberlin & Ivie (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The label mentions “Stanford, 122.37 nw.” whereas in the published paper, “Santa Cruz (W 122°: N 37°)” is written. Since the published paper and the coordinates point to Santa Cruz, we assume that a mistake occurred on the label.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |