treatments-xml/data/03/88/4E/03884E1E603DFF9EFF3313415A67F991.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

209 lines
19 KiB
XML

<document id="1EDC7CF9DE9E4188C36904372BC1C8E9" ID-CLB-Dataset="37262" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.259616" ID-GBIF-Dataset="25411661-0428-4441-903e-ba10175f9694" ID-ISBN="978-958-761-550-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="259616" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1485353391043" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fernando O. Zuloaga &amp; Diego Giraldo-Cañas" docDate="2013" docId="03884E1E603DFF9EFF3313415A67F991" docLanguage="es" docName="Flora_de_Colombia_30.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Flora de Colombia 30" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Panicum sect. Panicum" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFB136666020FF80FFD017265E44FF92" masterDocTitle="30. Panicum" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698436230934" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6644281E144FEFFD38393F88411585AD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="59F8B41077AE12B4F217B627FB21FD5D">
<mods:title id="23798B2A20C47D519B8370C9996E4973">30. Panicum</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="AF3C54B2CD31DE933AEC35D474F52672" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FDCEE4B81EF20C34CAB22E0B6C2C6B81">
<mods:roleTerm id="3388E442E353932DE91E0F06237BF0AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BD8F0788E50C202E7007F3D28B369B2D">Fernando O. Zuloaga</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="470CD7426AD2355D2C4AEF675E81FCA5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E5D5E95EA9DC6BBF1D586FDB98C30EFC">
<mods:roleTerm id="D9E9E4A422152FE49D7CBC8731831C67">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="778CD20A100B82AF93983476C8D6CFDB">Diego Giraldo-Cañas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="57D50DD1DEDAC84D577D75D950BBBFC4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B7FBA1A8CA8418C44225425E2A1281E9" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="03C3F061B198D6A6FB62C79D9E027CCA">
<mods:title id="E3C863106B0489C576DCEDFD16FA37D8">Flora de Colombia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CC8D3685D3791D0D3A6273C2FEA9E157">
<mods:date id="F7889F812BC7A7CBF7F0E529B0921DDF">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E3A43B284FFEDC10BDEFF5BD8322FAAD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F6D32875C55E0CF200845A53835F0946">30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="9EC536C59B4280E2870E0651219F4029" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5AD44CB5A1A66D54D9089A2BB7DA397E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="6DAF89EE85E78A661DFFE44B848ACE08">107</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="9168AD98FCE5A65C845D90B66F32D7D0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="ECE0FA893FA302072B1C8736ADE41D3F" type="CLB-Dataset">37262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B5BA2979C60A88713ABB02DA2D8402A5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.259616</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E52F8BF5973256F520221007088A56A" type="GBIF-Dataset">25411661-0428-4441-903e-ba10175f9694</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EB6190644F1197ECAB5E815B7271715B" type="ISBN">978-958-761-550-0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="114240A0F86E1E076801938F005215D1" type="Zenodo-Dep">259616</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03884E1E603DFF9EFF3313415A67F991" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6157337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6157337" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03884E1E603DFF9EFF3313415A67F991" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03884E1E603DFF9EFF3313415A67F991" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C33BAC83603DFF9DFF3313415C47FB12" box="[227,515,1127,1152]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603DFF9DFF3313415C47FB12" blockId="29.[227,515,1127,1152]" box="[227,515,1127,1152]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0D64864603DFF9DFF3313415C47FB12" bold="true" box="[227,515,1127,1152]" fontSize="10" level="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFF3313415C47FB12" bold="true" box="[227,515,1127,1152]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">
4.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603DFF9DFF2D134E5C47FB12" ID-CoL="8W23T" ID-ENA="2100772" box="[253,515,1128,1152]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFF2D134E5F24FB12" bold="true" box="[253,352,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Panicum</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFE70134E5C47FB12" bold="true" box="[416,515,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Panicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33BAC83603DFF9DFF33138B5FF0F9F7" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603DFF9DFF33138B5FF0F9F7" blockId="29.[189,1135,1197,1637]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">
Plantas anuales o perennes, cespitosas.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFD52138B5C8DFB57" bold="true" box="[642,713,1197,1221]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Cañas</emphasis>
erectas a ocasionalmente decumbentes; entrenudos huecos.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFE4013E95F97FB75" bold="true" box="[400,467,1231,1255]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Hojas</emphasis>
con lígulas membranáceo-ciliadas; láminas oblongo-lanceoladas a filiformes, planas o con los márgenes involutos.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFD2A13D45DE6FA98" bold="true" box="[762,930,1266,1290]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Inflorescencias</emphasis>
terminales y axilares, laxas y difusas con ramificaciones divergentes del raquis, a contraídas, con ramifica- ciones adpresas al eje principal.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFDCC12115CDDFADD" bold="true" box="[540,665,1335,1359]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Espiguillas</emphasis>
ovoides a largamente elipsoides, solitarias, glabras.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFECA127C5F8DFAE0" bold="true" box="[282,457,1370,1394]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Gluma inferior</emphasis>
(1/3-)1/2-3/4(-4/5) del largo de la espiguilla, 3-5(7-9)-nervia.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFF6D125B5F30FA07" bold="true" box="[189,372,1405,1429]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Gluma superior</emphasis>
y
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFE42125B5C6CFA07" bold="true" box="[402,552,1405,1429]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">lema inferior</emphasis>
subiguales, de igual largo o superando en longitud el antecio superior, (5-)7-9(-15) nervias.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFDB312B95D47FA25" bold="true" box="[611,771,1439,1463]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Pálea inferior</emphasis>
presente, alcanzando igual largo que la lema inferior, a reducida o ausente.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFD5112E45D4BFA48" bold="true" box="[641,783,1474,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Flor inferior</emphasis>
ausente.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFCA412E45A76FA48" bold="true" box="[884,1074,1474,1498]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Antecio superior</emphasis>
crustáceo, liso, glabro, lustroso, pajizo o castaño a negro en la madurez; lema envolviendo con sus márgenes a la pálea, ésta 2-nervia con papilas verrugosas o simples hacia el ápice.
<emphasis id="B955231A603DFF9DFF6D110C5F6DF9D0" bold="true" box="[189,297,1578,1602]" pageId="29" pageNumber="29">Cariopsis</emphasis>
con hilo punctiforme a oblongo, embrión 1/3 a 1/2 del largo de la cariopsis, ocasionalmente mayor.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33BAC83603EFF9EFF4717985D2DFF6B" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFF4717985D2DFF6B" blockId="30.[113,1059,190,250]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFF4717985F8AFF44" bold="true" box="[151,462,190,215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Composición y distribución</emphasis>
. Sección con 31 especies en América, distribuidas desde Canadá hasta Argentina; habitan en sabanas, pastizales y lugares secos.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33BAC83603EFF9EFF4716015FACFEF0" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFF4716015FACFEF0" blockId="30.[113,1058,295,354]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFF4716015F6EFEAD" bold="true" box="[151,298,295,319]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Comentarios</emphasis>
. Plantas C4, Kranz del subtipo anatómico PS (= XyMS+), PCK y NAD; número cromosómico básico
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFE7C166D5FFCFEF0" box="[428,440,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">x</emphasis>
= 9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33BAC83603EFF9EFF2916A95A67F991" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" type="key">
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFF2916A95CA0FE41" blockId="30.[249,923,399,467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0D64864603EFF9EFF2916A95CA0FE41" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" reason="0">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFF2916A95CA0FE41" bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
Clave para las especies de
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFDB116B65DDFFE3E" box="[609,923,400,428]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Panicum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFDB116B65C9CFE3E" bold="true" box="[609,728,400,428]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF416B65DDFFE3E" bold="true" box="[804,923,400,428]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presentes en Colombia
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA116D95A66FDAB" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
1. Antecio superior negro en la madurez; gluma superior caediza en la madurez, dejando al descubierto el antecio ....................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF715075A66FDAB" bold="true" box="[807,1058,545,569]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-2.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFC8815075A66FDAB" ID-CoL="4CDNF" box="[856,1058,545,569]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exiguum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFC8815075A66FDAB" bold="true" box="[856,1058,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum exiguum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA115625A66FDEC" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
1. Antecio superior pajizo a castaño o con tintes grisáceos en la madurez; gluma superior persistente en la madurez ...................................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC515405A66FDEC" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,614,638]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">2</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA1158A5A66FC9B" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
2. Plantas de ambientes acuáticos, decumbentes, con tallos y vainas con aerénquima; cañas manifiestamente ramificadas en los nudos medios y superiores ....................... ................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF315D75A66FC9B" bold="true" box="[803,1058,753,777]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-1.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFC8415D75A66FC9B" ID-CoL="4CCY4" box="[852,1058,753,777]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquarum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFC8415D75A66FC9B" bold="true" box="[852,1058,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum aquarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA114325A66FCE3" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
2. Plantas de ambientes secos a moderadamente húmedos, cespitosas, con tallos y vainas sin aerénquima; cañas simples a escasamente ramificadas en los nudos medios y superiores ..................................................................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC5147F5A66FCE3" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,857,881]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">3</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA114B95A66FC24" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1058,926,951]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
3. Vainas con pelos urticantes ...................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF314B85A66FC24" bold="true" box="[803,1058,926,951]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-4.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFC8414B95A66FC24" ID-CoL="4CDY4" box="[852,1058,926,951]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFC8414B95A66FC24" bold="true" box="[852,1058,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum hirsutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA114E75A66FC4B" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1058,961,985]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
3. Vainas sin pelos urticantes ........................................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC514E75A66FC4B" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,961,985]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">4</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA113215A67FB8C" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1059,1030,1055]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4. Espiguillas 4.6-5.5 mm de largo .........................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCC413205A67FB8C" bold="true" box="[788,1059,1030,1055]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-7.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFC9513215A67FB8C" ID-CoL="6TMS7" box="[837,1059,1030,1055]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miliaceum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFC9513215A67FB8C" bold="true" box="[837,1059,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum miliaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA1130F5A66FBD3" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1058,1065,1089]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4. Espiguillas 1.9-3.7 mm de largo ...............................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC5130F5A66FBD3" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,1065,1089]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">5</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA113485A66FB3B" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
5. Antecio superior tan largo como la gluma superior y la lema inferior o hasta 0.3 mm más corto que éstas ...........................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCD413B75A66FB3B" bold="true" box="[772,1058,1169,1193]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-8.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFCE413B75A66FB3B" ID-CoL="4CFBM" box="[820,1058,1169,1193]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stramineum">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCE413B75A66FB3B" bold="true" box="[820,1058,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum stramineum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA113925A66FB5E" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1058,1204,1228]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
5. Antecio superior mucho más corto que la gluma superior y la lema inferior ...........
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC513925A66FB5E" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,1204,1228]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">6</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA113DF5A67FAA1" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
6. Pálea inferior 1.6-1.8 mm de largo; espiguillas globosas, 3.2-3.7 mm de largo ......... .........................................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFD25123A5A67FAA1" bold="true" box="[757,1059,1307,1332]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-6.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFCF6123A5A67FAA1" ID-CoL="4CDYG" box="[806,1059,1307,1332]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidifolium">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF6123A5A67FAA1" bold="true" box="[806,1059,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum hispidifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA112185A66FAC5" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" box="[113,1058,1342,1367]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
6. Pálea inferior 0.4-1.3 mm de largo; espiguillas ovoides, 1.9-3.1 (3.5) mm de largo ..........
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFBC512195A66FAC5" bold="true" box="[1045,1058,1343,1367]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">7</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA112A25A67FA2C" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
7. Plantas perennes; láminas 16-55 x 0.5-1.4 cm; gluma inferior con nervios anastomosados ...............................................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFD2812805A67FA2C" bold="true" box="[760,1059,1446,1471]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-3.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFCF912815A67FA2C" ID-CoL="4CDSW" box="[809,1059,1446,1471]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtii">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCF912815A67FA2C" bold="true" box="[809,1059,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum ghiesbreghtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9EFF08603EFF9EFFA112EC5A67F991" blockId="30.[113,1059,510,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
7. Plantas anuales; láminas 6-31 x 0.4-2.2 cm; gluma inferior con nervios convergentes en la porción distal ...............................................................
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFCCD12CA5A67F991" bold="true" box="[797,1059,1515,1540]" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">
4-5.
<taxonomicName id="4C21848B603EFF9EFC9E12CA5A67F991" ID-CoL="4CDY9" box="[846,1059,1515,1540]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirticaule">
<emphasis id="B955231A603EFF9EFC9E12CA5A67F991" bold="true" box="[846,1059,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="30">Panicum hirticaule</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>