218 lines
20 KiB
XML
218 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50703" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9e0336c-85fe-4d7c-8998-fadb8b1e4a29" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163737598" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0889-4-39" ID-Pensoft-UUID="73E3CBB8841D53E98BB78BA05DDC69C9" ID-ZooBank="D9502F1AAEC04B0F845C87D86632AF17" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F0D9CCD-5BD9-4755-ADCE-0D3F21483515" ModsDocID="2535-0889-4-39" checkinTime="1587713590471" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Huemer, Peter" docDate="2020" docId="45033EB070115F82876D338FDD87CA5A" docLanguage="en" docName="AlpEntomol 4: 39-63" docOrigin="Alpine Entomology 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50703" docTitle="Caryocolum habeleri Huemer 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7F0D9CCD-5BD9-4755-ADCE-0D3F21483515" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="73E3CBB8841D53E98BB78BA05DDC69C9" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="73E3CBB8841D53E98BB78BA05DDC69C9" masterDocTitle="Integrative revision of the Caryocolum schleichi species group - a striking example of a temporally changing species concept (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1643439336999" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative revision of the Caryocolum schleichi species group - a striking example of a temporally changing species concept (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Huemer, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebgsges. m. b. H., Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum, Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Krajnc-Str. 1, A- 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-545X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">p.huemer@tiroler-landesmuseen.at</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Alpine Entomology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>39</mods:start>
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<mods:end>63</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50703</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50703</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2535-0889-4-39</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D9502F1AAEC04B0F845C87D86632AF17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">73E3CBB8841D53E98BB78BA05DDC69C9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163737598" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F0D9CCD-5BD9-4755-ADCE-0D3F21483515" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/45033EB070115F82876D338FDD87CA5A" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName LSID="45033EB0-7011-5F82-876D-338FDD87CA5A" authority="Huemer, 2020" authorityName="Huemer" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Caryocolum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caryocolum habeleri" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="habeleri" status="sp. nov.">Caryocolum habeleri</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609799209" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" collectingMethod="lumieres" collectionCode="TLMF" collectorName="G. Labonne" country="France" elevation="0" location="Grotte de Labeil / Les Siege" municipality="Laroux" specimenCode="Gla-017-2882" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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, "
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<collectingMunicipality>Laroux</collectingMunicipality>
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- 34 /
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<collectingDate>13/08/2017</collectingDate>
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<collectorName>G.Labonne</collectorName>
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/
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:45033EB070115F82876D338FDD87CA5A:54843B7AD958AB1927B42EFAF1A198BA" municipality="Laroux" name="Grotte de Labeil / Les Siege">
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Grotte de Labeil/Les
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Siège">Siege</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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/
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<elevation>720 m</elevation>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="lumières”">
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<collectingMethod>lumieres</collectingMethod>
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"
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</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Gla-017-2882”">
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"
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<specimenCode>Gla-017-2882</specimenCode>
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"
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</normalizedToken>
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"DNA Barcode / TLMF Lep XXX" (
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<collectionCode>TLMF</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: France: 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but Gla-017-2883; 1 ♂, Dep.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hérault">Herault</normalizedToken>
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, Le Caylar, plaine
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<normalizedToken originalValue="derrière">derriere</normalizedToken>
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, Gla-016-2821, 25 Aug. 2016, leg. Labonne, gen. slide in glycerin; 1 ♂, Dep.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pyrénées-Orientales">Pyrenees-Orientales</normalizedToken>
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, Palau de Cerd., piste forrest. du Camping, 12 Aug. 2016, Gla-016-2606, 12 Aug. 2016, leg. Labonne, gen. slide in glycerin (all RCGL); 1 ♂, Dep. Alpes-Maritimes, Caussols, 1100 m, 7 Sep. 2002, leg. Nel, gen. slide 15062 ♂ J. Nel; 1 ♂, Dep. Alpes-Maritimes, St. Vallier, 6 Sep. 1972, leg. F. Dujardin; 1 ♂, Dep. Alpes-Maritimes, Col de Braus, 1000 m, 23 Aug. 1969, leg. F. Dujardin; 1 ♂, same data, but 28 Aug. 1971, gen. slide GEL 1289 ♂ P. Huemer (all TLMF); 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Dep. Alpes-Maritimes, Vallon de Cayros, Saorge, Maurion, 718 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="44.001667">44°00'06"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="7.5188885">7°31'08"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 11 Sep. 2017, leg. Mayr; 1 ♂, same data, but 909 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="44.002224">44°00'08"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="7.5316663">7°31'54"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 12 Sep. 2019 (all RCTM); 1 ♂, Dep. Vaucluse, Saint-Christol, 11 Aug. 1991, leg. Nel, gen. slide 01472 ♂ J. Nel (TLMF). Germany: 1 ♂, Bayern,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kallmünz">Kallmuenz</normalizedToken>
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, Dallackenrid, 8 Jul. 2002, leg. Lichtmannecker (RCPL); 1 ♂, Bayern, Bissingen, Kesseltal, 24 Aug. 1999, leg. Heindel, gen. slide M1078; 1 ♂, same data, but 28 Jul. 2008, gen. slide M1911; 1 ♀, Bayern, Harburg L., Rollenberg, 28 Jul. 2005, leg. Heindel, gen. slide M1703 (all RCRH); 1 ♂, Bayern, Kelheim, Ihrlerstein
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Brannt”">"Brannt"</normalizedToken>
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, 450 m, 16 Jul. 2009, leg. Segerer, DNA Barcode BC ZSM Lep 61823; 1 ♂, Regensburg, Beratzhausen, Laabertal, 21 Jul. 1995, leg. Segerer (all ZSM). Switzerland: 1 ♂,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Graubünden">Graubuenden</normalizedToken>
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, Rothenbrunnen, 660 m, 10 Sep. 2004, leg. Schmid, gen. slide without number, DNA Barcode TLMF Lep 21752; 1 ♂,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Graubünden">Graubuenden</normalizedToken>
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, Felsberg, Geissplatte, 730 m, 25 Sep. 2005, leg. Schmid, gen. slide without number, DNA Barcode TLMF Lep 21751; 1 ♂,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Graubünden">Graubuenden</normalizedToken>
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, Felsberg, 580 m, 28 Aug. 2005, leg. Schmid, gen. slide without number, DNA Barcode TLMF Lep 21750 (all RCJS).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. habeleri" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="habeleri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. habeleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. schleichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="schleichi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. schleichi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the brown rather than white head, thorax and tegulae, it is generally larger than
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. arenariella" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="arenariella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. arenariella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. lamai" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="lamai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. lamai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but otherwise cannot be reliably separated from the other species of the complex from external characters. However, the male genitalia are characterized by the shape of the valva, particularly the short pointed sub-dorsal process and the broad ventral process. A similarly short but broader dorso-apical process is only found in
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. schleichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="schleichi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. schleichi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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which furthermore has a broader shovel-shaped valva, and in
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. dianthella" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="dianthella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. dianthella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a shorter and dorsally distinctly bulged valva. In all other species of the
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. schleichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="schleichi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. schleichi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group, the valva is more slender with a much longer dorso-apical process and smaller dorso-ventral process. The female genitalia are hardly discernible from those of the other species of the
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. schleichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="schleichi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. schleichi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group though the moderately long antrum, the distinctly crescent-shaped base of the signum in combination with the moderately slender signum hook seem characteristic. However, the individual variation of these characters is insufficiently documented due to lack of material.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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Adult (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 9–12" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 9 - 12. Adults. 9 Caryocolum lamai, paratype, male, Italy; 10 C. lamai, paratype, male, Italy; 11 C. messneri, paratype, male, Italy; 12 C. habeleri, paratype, male, France." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures9-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403189" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">12</figureCitation>
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). Forewing length ♂ 4.5-5.5 mm, ♀ 4.0-5.0 mm. Head with dark grey-brown vertex, mottled with white, frons cream-white; first segment of labial palpus dark brown, second segment cream-white on inner and upper surface, ventral and outer surface predominantly dark brown, dark brown mixed with few whitish scales on segment three; antenna black, weakly ringed paler. Thorax and tegula dark brown anteriorly, posterior half mixed cream with dark brown and some rusty brown mottling. Abdomen greyish cream on ventral surface. Forewing dark brown, basal half with some rusty-brown mottling, dorsal margin mottled with greyish; white transverse fascia from fold to costa at one-fifth; white medial spot occasionally extended towards costa and dorsal margin; white costal and tornal spots separate; fringes basally dark brown, distal part paler. Hindwing light grey.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">The extension of white marking on the forewing varies considerably and particularly worn specimens look paler.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="male genitalia">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Male genitalia</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 20. Male genitalia. 17 Caryocolum arenariella, Russia, slide GEL 1260 P. Huemer; 18 C. messneri, holotype, Italy, slide GEL 1255; 19 C. lamai, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1258 P. Huemer; 21 C. habeleri, paratype, France, slide GEL 1289 P. Huemer." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403191" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 25–28" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 25 - 28. Male genitalia (details vinculum-valva-complex). 25 Caryocolum arenariella, Russia, slide GEL 1260 P. Huemer; 26 C. messneri, holotype, Italy, slide GEL 1255; 27 C. lamai, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1258 P. Huemer; 28 C. habeleri, paratype, France, slide GEL 1289 P. Huemer." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures25-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403193" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">28</figureCitation>
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). Uncus broadly sub-quadrangular, posterior corners rounded; lateral sclerites of gnathos distinct, medial part with large minutely spined culcitula; tegumen weakly widened anteriorly, with concave, emarginated anterior margin; transtilla sclerotized, longitudinally folded; pedunculus large, sub-triangular, with sclerotized edge; valva nearly straight, oblong, extending beyond middle of uncus, distal part shovel-shaped, apex with two processes, small and short pointed dorsal and broad digitate ventral process, medially separated weak excavation; sacculus long, knife-shaped; posterior margin of vinculum deeply incised medially, with pair of long digitate processes, pair of latero-medial processes broadly projected; saccus slightly longer than valva, slender, gradually tapered to apex; phallus long, slender, nearly straight, apically with area of small cornuti.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="female genitalia">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Female genitalia</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 33–35" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 33 - 35. Female genitalia. 33 Caryocolum messneri, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1295 P. Huemer; 34 C. lamai, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1286 P. Huemer; 35 C. habeleri, paratype, Germany, slide M 1703." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures33-35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403196" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">35</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 40–42" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 40 - 42. Female genitalia (segment VIII). 40 Caryocolum messneri, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1295 P. Huemer; 41 C. lamai, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1286 P. Huemer; 42 C. habeleri, paratype, Germany, slide M 1703." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures40-42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403198" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">42</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–49" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 47 - 49. Female genitalia (signum). 47 Caryocolum messneri, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1295 P. Huemer; 48 C. lamai, paratype, Italy, slide GEL 1286 P. Huemer; 49 C. habeleri, paratype, Germany, slide M 1703." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.4.50703.figures47-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/403200" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">49</figureCitation>
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). Apophysis posterior about 4.5 times length of apophysis anterior; segment VIII without processes, smooth; ostium bursae with short lateral folds; apophysis anterior about length of segment VIII; antrum short, about one-quarter length of apophysis anterior, funnel-shaped; posterior part of ductus bursae with pair of long lateral sclerites extending to about apex of apophysis anterior, membranous part of ductus bursae about length of segment VIII including apophysis anterior; signum on right side of entrance to sub-oval corpus bursae, with moderately broad crescent-shaped base and moderately slender hook.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="molecular data">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Molecular data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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BIN: BOLD:ACB5067. The intraspecific average distance of the barcode region is 0.39%, the maximum distance 0.98% (p-dist) (n = 12). The minimum distance to the nearest neighbor,
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. messneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="messneri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">C. messneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is 3.29%.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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The species is named in honour of Peter Habeler who, along with Reinhold Messner, completed the first solo ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen. Along with the author, Peter is currently involved in the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Blühendes">"Bluehendes</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Österreich”">Oesterreich"</normalizedToken>
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conservation foundation. Incidentally, his cousin Heinz Habeler (1933-2017) acquired one of the largest collection of
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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from the south-eastern Alps, stored at TLMF.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">The species is currently only known from widely separated localities, ranging from the French Pyrenees to south-eastern Bavaria.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="39" type="bionomics">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Bionomics.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="39">
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Host-plant and early stages are undescribed but it seems most likely that the species shows a similar behaviour as related taxa with a hostplant restriction to
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Dianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dianthus" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="39">Dianthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. The adults have been found from late July to late September at artificial light sources near rock and scree on calcareous soil ranging from lower altitudes of the submontane zone up to about 1000 m in the Alps.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |