377 lines
38 KiB
XML
377 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.164.1992" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d7f2e460-57e5-490f-bfdc-5bca2ab00a39" ID-PMC="PMC3272622" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-164-51" ID-PubMed="22328852" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-164-51" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 164" ModsDocTitle="Orthogonius species and diversity in Thailand (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Orthogoniini), a result from the TIGER project" checkinTime="1451249383683" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tian, Mingyi, Deuve, Thierry & Felix, Ron" docDate="2012" docId="906886B6A63F37176A6D990398EA64A2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 164: 51-90" docOrigin="ZooKeys 164" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.164.1992" docTitle="Orthogonius variabilis Tian, Deuve & Felix, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="FFF7FFDFFF9BFFF8FF99FFF2FFE0FFFD" masterDocTitle="Orthogonius species and diversity in Thailand (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Orthogoniini), a result from the TIGER project" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1668153172466" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Orthogonius species and diversity in Thailand (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Orthogoniini), a result from the TIGER project</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tian, Mingyi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Deuve, Thierry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Felix, Ron</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>164</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>90</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.164.1992</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.164.1992</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-164-51</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:906886B6A63F37176A6D990398EA64A2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/906886B6A63F37176A6D990398EA64A2" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE855CF8-60A2-4705-9F5D-C5A4909A9AA5" authority="Tian, Deuve & Felix" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius variabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Orthogonius variabilis Tian, Deuve & Felix</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="68">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 131525
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
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Medium to quite small sized, ligula quadrisetose or sexsetose (in 4 paratypes), aedeagus somewhat similar to that of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius perakensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perakensis">Orthogonius perakensis</taxonomicName>
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Tian & Deuve, 2006; elytral interval 3 with two setiferous pores (middle pore absent); elytra obliquely and sinuately truncate, with apical inner angles acute and sharp.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="69" start="start">Length</pageBreakToken>
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: 9.0-13.5 mm; width: 4.0-5.0 mm. Habitus as in Figure 13-15.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="18" pageNumber="69" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">
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Body dark brown to yellow (That means the coloration is variable for some species of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Orthogoniini">Orthogoniini</taxonomicName>
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, and the size too, not only shapes, but legs, pronotum, elytra, head and so on as well).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">Body with varied coloration: from yellowish to black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">Upper surface smooth and glabrous, impunctate (but punctate in one paratype), elytral intervals each with an irregular row of tiny punctures along median portion; moderately shiny.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="69">Microsculptural meshes densely isodiametric on elytra, irregularly and densely on head and pronotum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="18" pageNumber="69">
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Head stout, slightly wider than long, eyes very large and strongly prominent; frons and vertex moderately convex, frontal impressions small and fovea-like, clypeus bisetose, surface with a transverse impression and a median fovea near base; labrum sexsetose, frontal margin almost straight; ligula short, quadrisetose (sexsetose in a few individuals) at apex; palpi slender, subcylindrical, maxillary palpomere 4 longer than 3, palpomere 3 glabrous, except several setae at apex; maxillary palpomere 4 glabrous with very short setae; labial palpomere 3 slightly shorter than palpomere 2, palpomere 3 with a few setae at base; labial palpomere 2 bisetose in inner margin, and with two or three additional setae at subapex and apex; palpiger asetose, mentum and submentum each with one pair of setae; mentum without median tooth. Antennae moderate, extended
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="70" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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middle of elytra; pubescent from basal 1/3 of antennomere 4; antennomere 3 slightly shorter than antennomere 4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Pronotum transverse, widest at about middle, PW/PL=1.17-1.22, disc slightly and evenly convex, both angles broadly rounded, both basal and fore margins beaded, lateral expanded margins wide, rather flat or somewhat reflexed; fore and hind transverse impressions distinct, basal foveae well-marked.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Elytra elongate ovate, EL/EW=1.7; moderately convex, basal border complete, shoulders broadly square; sides more or less parallel at middle, widest at about middle; striae deep, punctate-striate; intervals moderately convex, and subequal in width in middle; apex quite narrowly and obliquely truncate, outer angle well marked, inner angle sharp and denticulate; interval 3 with two setiferous pores (the middle pore absent); interval 7 simple.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Legs slender. Fore tibiae with apical outer angle obtuse; outer margin distinctly serrate; middle and hind coxae smooth and glabrous; middle tibiae evenly curved, gradually dilated towards apex; hind tibiae slender, apical spurs short and sharp, tarsomere 1 slightly longer than 2, tarsomere 3 distinctly longer than 4, tarsomere 4 bilobed; fore tarsi much wider than middle and hind ones; all tarsal claws strongly pectinate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Prosternal process unbordered at apex. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite VII of male narrowly but distinctly emarginate at apical margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Male genitalia (Figure 25): the median lobe of the aedeagus somewhat stout, slightly or evenly expanded at middle portion; dorsal opening wide and long; in dorsal view apical lamella very short,, broadly pointed at apex.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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Figures 14-15. Habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius variabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Orthogonius variabilis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. paratypes. Scale bar: 10 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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Figures 16-18. Aedeagus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthogonius</taxonomicName>
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spp. n. (lateral view, and apex in dorsal view) 16
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius taghavianae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taghavianae">Orthogonius taghavianae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 17
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius coomanioides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coomanioides">Orthogonius coomanioides</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 18
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius similaris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similaris">Orthogonius similaris</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype. Scale bar: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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Figures 19-22. Aedeagus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthogonius</taxonomicName>
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spp. n. (lateral view, and apex in dorsal view) 19
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius setosopalpiger" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosopalpiger">Orthogonius setosopalpiger</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 20
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius gracililamella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracililamella">Orthogonius gracililamella</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 21
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pseudochaudoiri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudochaudoiri">Orthogonius pseudochaudoiri</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 22
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius constrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictus">Orthogonius constrictus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype. Scale bar: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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Figures 23-25. Aedeagus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthogonius</taxonomicName>
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spp. n. (lateral view, and apex in dorsal view) 23
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pinophilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinophilus">Orthogonius pinophilus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype 24
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius vari" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vari">Orthogonius vari</taxonomicName>
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n. sp. holotype 25
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius variabilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Orthogonius variabilis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype. Scale bar: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="70" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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This species differs from the Perakean species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius perakensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perakensis">Orthogonius perakensis</taxonomicName>
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Tian & Deuve, 2006, by its slender and flat body; and is easily separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius perroti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perroti">Orthogonius perroti</taxonomicName>
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Tian & Deuve, 2006 by the shape of its elytral apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="19" pageNumber="70" type="variability">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="70">
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To treat this species is somewhat a challenge, because of the variability in several important characters such as coloration, shape of pronotum, elytral apex, aedeagus and middle tibia, and seta number on ligula. Several species might be
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“recognized”">"recognized"</normalizedToken>
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if there were only a few individuals available. Fortunately the large series of the specimens make it possible to realize the complicated variations of this species. The variations appeared in the following aspects: (1) sized: 9.0-13.5 mm; (2) coloration: from pure yellowish (4 ex), brown (24 ex), dark brown (13 ex), then to black (10 ex). Among Chinese specimens, five are bicoloured on the elytra (Fig. 15); (3) generally the apex of elytra of this species distinctly obliquely truncate, but in one male paratype the outer angle of apical elytra rounded and less sinuate, and inner angle less pointed; (4) pronotum: narrow to wide, and intermediate shapes, occurring in specimens of different size and coloration; (5) middle tibia: slightly curved (majority) or distinctly curved (11 ex); slightly dilated (29 ex) or strongly dilated in median portion; (6) aedeagus: stouter (6 ex) or a little more elongate at apex in dorsal view; (7) ligula: generally quadrisetose, only sexsetose in three specimens in Thianland species (but on the contrary, sexsetose in most Chinese specimens); and (8) punctures: generally impunctate, but one specimen distinctly punctate on vertex of the head.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="71">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="71" start="start">According</pageBreakToken>
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to
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<bibRefCitation author="Chaudoir, M de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique" pageId="27" pageNumber="78" pagination="95 - 130" title="Essai Monographique sur les Orthogoniens." volume="14" year="1871">Chaudoir (1871)</bibRefCitation>
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, presence of a sexsetose ligula is one main character for the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Hexachaetus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexachaetus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hexachaetus</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir. Nonetheless, we treat this species as a member of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthogonius</taxonomicName>
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considering that the number of setae on the ligula is variable.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="71" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="71">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="71">
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Holotype: male, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Thung Salaeng Luang NP, Gang Wang Nam Yen,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.625517">16°37.531'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.89575">100°53.745'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 721 m, 24-31.v.2007, Malaise trap, Pongpitak Pranee & Sathit leg., T2085", in QSBG.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="20" pageNumber="71" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="71">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="20" pageNumber="71">
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Thailand. 2 males, ibid; 1 male, "Thailand: Phitsanulok: Thung Salaeng Luang NP, moist evergreen,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.844017">16°50.641'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.88157">100°52.894'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 557 m, 11.viii.2006-18.viii.2006, Malaise trap, Pongpitak Pranee leg., T566"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabum, Thung Salaeng Luang NP, Gang Wang Nam Yen, pine forest, 16°
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="36.284">36.284N</geoCoordinate>
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, 100°
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="53.128">53.128E</geoCoordinate>
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, 749 m, Malaise trap, 29.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vi–">vi-</normalizedToken>
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6.vii.2007, Pongpitak Pranee & Sathit leg., T 2066"; 15 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai NP, entrance of Hnong Pak Chee Trail,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.452784">14°27.167'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.36417">101°21.85'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 758 m, 26.v.2007-2.vi.2007, Malaise traps, Wirat Sukho leg., T2272"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabum, Thung Salaeng Luang NP, Gang Wang Nam Yen, pine forest, 16°
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.789">35.789N</geoCoordinate>
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, 100°
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="52.769">52.769E</geoCoordinate>
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, 723 m, Malaise trap, 6-13.vii.2007, Pongpitak Pranee & Sathit leg., T 2068"; 2 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai NP, entrance of Hnong Pak Chee Trail,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.452784">14°27.167'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.36417">101°21.85'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 758 m, 5-12.v.2007, Malaise traps, Pong Sandao leg., T2263"; 3 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Cobra zone near fire protection office,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.471416">14°28.285'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.37617">101°22.57'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 751 m, 5-12.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Wirat Sukho leg., T2222"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Nam Nao NP, Checkpoint,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.72825">16°43.695'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.563286">101°33.797'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 921 m, 27.ii.2007-1.iii.2007, Litter sample, Noopean Hongyothi & Leng Janteab leg., T2275"; 7 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai NP, entrance of Hnong Pak Chee Trail,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.452784">14°27.167'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.36417">101°21.85'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 758 m, 19-26.v.2007, Malaise traps, Wirat Sukho leg., T2269"; 1 male, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Cobra zone near fire protection office, 14°
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="28.285">28.285N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.37617">101°22.57'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 751 m, 12-19.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Wirat Sukho leg., T2225"; 2 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Cobra zone near fire protection office, 14°
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="28.524">28.524N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.38213">101°22.928'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 757 m, 19-26.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Wirat Sukho leg., T2227"; 3 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai NP, entrance of Hnong Pak Chee Trail,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.451983">14°27.119'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.35803">101°21.482'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 699 m, 19-26.v.2007, Malaise traps, Wirat Sukho leg., T2271"; 1 male, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Cobra zone near fire protection office, 14°
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="28.524">28.524N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.38213">101°22.928'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 757 m, 12-19.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Pong Sandao leg., T2224"; 1 male, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Cobra zone near fire protection office,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.4754">14°28.524'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.38213">101°22.928'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 757 m, 5-12.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Pong Sandao leg., T2221"; 2 males, "Thailand: Nakhon Ratchasima: Khao Yai NP, Elephant Trail near fire protection office,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="14.471416">14°28.285'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.37617">101°22.57'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 751 m, 26.vi.2007-2.vii.2007, Malaise trap, Wirat Sukho leg., T2231"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Thung Salaeng Luang NP, pine forest; Gang Wang Nam Yen,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.59675">16°35.805'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.87144">100°52.286'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 726 m, 22-29.vi.2007, Malaise trap, Pongpitak & Sathit leg., T2064"; 2 males, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Thung Salaeng Luang NP, pine forest; Gang Wang Nam Yen,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.604733">16°36.284'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.88547">100°53.128'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 749 m, 18-19.vi.2007, Pan traps, Pongpitak & Sathit leg., T2054"; 2 males, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Thung Salaeng Luang NP, pine forest; Gang Wang Nam Yen,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.604733">16°36.284'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.88547">100°53.128'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="72" start="start">749</pageBreakToken>
|
||
m, 20-21.vi.2007, Pan traps, Pongpitak & Sathit leg., T2056"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabun: Thung Salaeng Luang NP: Gang Wang Nam Yen, 750 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.609783">16°36.587'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.889915">100°53.395'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 17-24.v.2007, Pongpitak Pranee & Sathit leg., T2080"; 1 male, "Thailand: Phetchabum, Thung Salaeng Luang NP, Gang Wang Nam Yen,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.619633">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="73" start="start">16</pageBreakToken>
|
||
°37.178'N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 100°.53.504'E, 706 m, Malaise trap, 17-24.v.2007, Pongpitak Pranee & Sathit leg., T2081", deposited in QSBG, MNHN, SCAU and CRF, respectively. China. 5 males and 5 females, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Mandian (forest),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.216017">22°12.961'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.1102">100°66.612'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 746 m, Flying-stop trap, 26.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 6 males and 18 females, ibid, 06.vi.2009; 1 male and 1 female, ibid, 26.vi.2009; 4 males and 3 females, ibid, 16.vi.2009; 3 females, ibid, pitfall trap 16.vi.2009; 1 male, ibid, rubber forest, 26.vi.2009; 1 male and 3 females, ibid, 16.v.2009; 1 female, ibid,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.21765">22°13.059'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.11362">100°66.817'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 753 m, 16.vi.2009; 1 female, ibid, 26.vi.2009; 1 female, ibid, 26.v.2009; 1 female, ibid, 16.v.2009; 1 female, ibid, 06.vi.2009; 2 males and 1 female, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Anmaxinzhai (forest),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.326283">22°19.577'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.07553">100°64.532'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 772 m, Flying-stop trap, 16.vi.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 1 male and 1 female, ibid, 26.vi.2009; 2 males, ibid, 06.vi.2009; 1 male, ibid, 6.vi.2009; 1 male, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Guomengshan (paddy-field),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.408783">22°24.527'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.00633">100°60.380'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1110 m, Malaise, 26.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 1 female, ibid, 26.vi.2009; 1 male, ibid, forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.410734">22°24.644'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.01027">100°60.616'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1114 m, 26.vi.2009; 1 female, ibid,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.408766">22°24.526'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.00685">100°60.411'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1107 m, 06.vi.2009; 1 male and 1 female, ibid, 6.vi.2009; 1 female, ibid, pitfall trap, 06.vi.2009; 2 males and 1 female, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Mandian (rubber forest),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.21765">22°13.059'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.11362">100°66.817'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 753 m, Flying-stop trap, 16.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 4 males and 1 female, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Danuoyou (waste land),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.344984">22°20.699'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.06268">100°63.761'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 770 m, Malaise, 16.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 1 female, ibid, 6.vi.2009; 1 male and 1 female, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Naban tea garden (waste land),
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.264284">22°15.857'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.10882">100°66.529'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 709 m, Malaise, 26.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; 1 female, ibid, 6.vi.2009; 1 female, ibid, 16.v.2009; 1 male, ibid,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.218184">22°13.091'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.11435">100°66.861'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 689 m, 26.v.2009; 1 male, ibid, rubber forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.26405">22°15.843'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.108116">100°66.487'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 732 m, Yellow-pot, 26.v.2009; 1 female, ibid, Malaise; 1 male and 3 females, ibid, forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.2635">22°15.810'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.10905">100°66.543'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 729 m, Flying-stop trap; 1 female, ibid, 26.v.2009; 1 male, ibid, Malaise; 1 male, ibid, 16.v.2009; 2 females, ibid,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.26405">22°15.843'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.108116">100°66.487'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 732 m, 26.vi.2009;1 female, "China: Yunnan, Jinghong, Banna NR, Jinghong Farm, rubber forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.176783">22°10.607'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.14167">100°68.500'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 759 m, Malaise, 16.v.2009, Meng Lingzeng leg."; all are deposited in IOZ, except 5 males and 5 females in SCAU.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="73">
|
||
The species name,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“variabilis”">"variabilis"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, means changeable and refers to the varied characters of this new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="73">Thailand and China.</paragraph>
|
||
<subSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" type="unidentified materials">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="73">Unidentified materials</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="22" pageNumber="73">
|
||
There are 27 specimens still not identified. All of them are females except one male (from Khao Pu-Khao Ya National Park, Trang), from which the aedeagus has been lost. Without reference to male genital characteristics, it is almost impossible to identify the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthogonius</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which belonging to either
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius longicornis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">Orthogonius longicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (viz.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius mouhoti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mouhoti">Orthogonius mouhoti</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius thaicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thaicus">Orthogonius thaicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pseudochaudoiri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudochaudoiri">Orthogonius pseudochaudoiri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius nahaeo" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nahaeo">Orthogonius nahaeo</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius loeicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loeicus">Orthogonius loeicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius constrictus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictus">Orthogonius constrictus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius vari" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vari">Orthogonius vari</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius kirirom" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirirom">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="74" start="start">Orthogonius</pageBreakToken>
|
||
kirirom
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pinophilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinophilus">Orthogonius pinophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius gracililamella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracililamella">Orthogonius gracililamella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius longicornis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">Orthogonius longicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pseudolongicornis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudolongicornis">Orthogonius pseudolongicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
etc.) or
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius alternans" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">Orthogonius alternans</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (viz. O. taghavianae,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius paris" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paris">Orthogonius paris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius thaiensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thaiensis">Orthogonius thaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius pangi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pangi">Orthogonius pangi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthogonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthogonius huananoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huananoides">Orthogonius huananoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
etc.) in Thailand and its adjacent countries.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |