243 lines
18 KiB
XML
243 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02595a40-6c7d-4a04-b25b-b2ab87aabd17" ID-PMC="PMC3174442" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-4-5" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" ID-PubMed="22171179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576078" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1314-2003-4-5" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" ModsDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" checkinTime="1555332289038" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lorence, David H., Wagner, Warren L., Wood, Kenneth R. & Smith, Alan R." docDate="2011" docId="BC06F8BA5D7807509CD751BFAC4AC94C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 4: 5-51" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" docTitle="Dryopteris sweetorum Lorence & W. L. Wagner 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" masterDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1668141299027" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Wood, Kenneth R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>5</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>51</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-4-5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576078</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201684" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC06F8BA5D7807509CD751BFAC4AC94C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC06F8BA5D7807509CD751BFAC4AC94C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="BC06F8BA-5D78-0750-9CD7-51BFAC4AC94C" authority="Lorence & W. L. Wagner" authorityName="Lorence & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryopteris sweetorum" order="Filicales" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="sweetorum" status="sp. nov.">Dryopteris sweetorum Lorence & W. L. Wagner</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dryopteris sweetorum Lorence & W. L. Wagner. A stipe and part of rhizome B blade C detail of stipe with scales D lower surface of fertile pinnule showing sori E rhizome scale F part of rhizome scale, detail of cells. Drawn from the type collection (Wood 4493) and field images." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9901" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="12" type="latin">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Latin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
A D. macropholi minoribus, atro-castaneis, ovato-lanceolatis vel lineari-oblongis squamis 12-25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2 mm supra rhizomates et stipitum bases, largis tripinnato-pinnatifidibus frondibus, ultimis segmentibus usque ad 15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5 mm, intervallibus 5-10 mm distantibus, obliquis, acutis culminibus, sectis ca. in medio ad costulam cum marginibus acute serratis, abaxialibus superficiebus et glabris rachidibus differt.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="12" type="type">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Type.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Marquesas Islands: Fatu Hiva:</emphasis>
|
||
Teavapuhiau, ridge to Touaouoho, 2000 ft (607 m), 8 September 1995, K. R. Wood 4493(Holotype: PTBG-038471!, PTBG-038472!, PTBG-038473!, PTBG-0384741! [4 sheets]; Isotypes BISH! [2 sheets], P!, PAP! [3 sheets], NY!, US! [3 sheets]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">Terrestrial ferns</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="12">rhizomes</emphasis>
|
||
short creeping to suberect, 3-15 cm in diameter including stipe bases, densely clothed with scales; scales of rhizomes and bases of stipes lustrous, dark brown, 9-25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1-2 mm, ovate-lanceolate to linear-oblong, concolorous, margins entire to subentire distally with short, irregular teeth,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="13" start="start">cells</pageBreakToken>
|
||
linear.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Fronds</emphasis>
|
||
densely clustered, 5-7 per rhizome; stipes (45
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)60–">-)60-</normalizedToken>
|
||
100 cm long, 7-10 mm in diameter medially, adaxially grooved, stramineous to medium brown, densely scaly basally, distally with progressively smaller scales and appressed hairlike scales, mostly glabrescent, surfaces brown-punctuate; blades firmly chartaceous, broadly ovate-deltate, (42
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)62–">-)62-</normalizedToken>
|
||
93
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(38
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)64–">-)64-</normalizedToken>
|
||
80 cm, 3-pinnate-pinnatifid at base, otherwise mostly 2-pinnate-pinnatifid, with pinnae opposite to subopposite, spreading, 8-13 on a side; rachises stramineous, with scattered narrow scales to 2-12
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.2-0.6 mm; lowermost pinnae the largest, 25-38
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
19-25 cm, slightly inequilateral, basiscopic basal pinnules 10-15 cm long, acroscopic basal pinnules slightly shorter, 7-12 cm long, distal pinnae stalked to 5 mm or sessile, apex pinnatifid; ultimate pinnules to 15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5 mm, spaced 5-10 mm distant, oblique, tips acute, cut ca.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
toward costule, with margins acutely serrate, adaxially glabrous, abaxially glabrous or rachises with scattered hairlike scales; veins forking, scarcely visible adaxially, prominulous abaxially.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Sori</emphasis>
|
||
(1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–">-)3-</normalizedToken>
|
||
6 pairs per segment, supramedial; indusia 0.9-1.3 mm in diameter, brown, thick, glabrous except with a few short-stipitate glands in center.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Spores</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9901" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="sweetorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Dryopteris sweetorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lorence & W. L. Wagner.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||
stipe and part of rhizome
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
blade
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
|
||
detail of stipe with scales
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
|
||
lower surface of fertile pinnule showing sori
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
|
||
rhizome scale
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">F</emphasis>
|
||
part of rhizome scale, detail of cells. Drawn from the type collection (Wood 4493
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">)</emphasis>
|
||
and field images.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Known only from Fatu Hiva, Marquesas Islands, in montane wet forest at 600-640 m elevation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">
|
||
This new endemic species is apparently rare and localized, known only from the region from Teavapuhiau ridge to Mt. Touaouoho where it grows scattered among other ferns on hillsides in understory of open forest with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brack" authorityYear="1854" class="Hexapoda" family="Geometridae" genus="Alsophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tahitensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Alsophila tahitensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. Forster & G. Forster" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Crossostylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Crossostylis biflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Aulophyllidae" genus="Cyclophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Rugosa" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="barbatum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Cyclophyllum barbatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(G. Forst.) N.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
|
||
& J. Florence,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="B. C. Stone" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Hombr. & Jacquinot ex Decne." class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="impavida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Freycinetia impavida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="tiliaceus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Hibiscus tiliaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">, Weinmannia marquesana</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">marquesana</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ericaceae" genus="Vaccinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cereum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Vaccinium cereum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">adenandrum</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Wikstroemia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Thymelaeales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coriacea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Wikstroemia coriacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Seem.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">We take great pleasure in naming this magnificent new species in honor of Barbara K. and Cyrus B. Sweet, III, who have generously supported scientific research at the National Tropical Botanical Garden and particularly the Vascular Flora of the Marquesas Islands project.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">
|
||
This new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="macropholis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Dryopteris macropholis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the characters noted in the diagnosis above, notably in the ultimate pinnules segments spaced 5-10 mm distant with serrate margins and acute apices.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Proposed IUCN Red List Category:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
|
||
(CR): B1ab, B2a,b (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
|
||
). B1, total extent of occurrence less than 100 km2 (ca. 85 km2), a,b, known from a single location; B2a, estimated area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km2 [three collections likely representing a single population are known]; B2b (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
|
||
), habitat continuing decline inferred. The estimated area of occupancy for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="sweetorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Dryopteris sweetorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Fatu Hiva (less than 10 km2) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation and fire), feral animals, and invasive plant species, reducing the extent of the forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="13" type="specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="13">Marquesas Islands:</emphasis>
|
||
Fatu Hiva: Teavapuhiau, leeward side of windswept ridge, UTM 758470-8840707, 2100 ft (640 m), Wood 10091 (PTBG [3 sheets], PAP [2 sheets], US [3 sheets]); Teavapuhiau Pass (above Ouia Valley), 70
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="14" start="start">0</pageBreakToken>
|
||
m, B.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
|
||
1233 (US); Epaulement SW de Mt. Touaouoho, 770 m,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-10.483334">10°29'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="138" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-138.63333">138°38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Florence et al. 9536(P [4 sheets]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |