169 lines
20 KiB
XML
169 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="270B25850A44505C50BB45355AEDF20C" ID-CLB-Dataset="24304" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4724.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="852c6d59-9547-436d-9f06-60fc6fd51922" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3612936" ID-ZooBank="8D8CD63D-858F-44B1-9EA1-7CBB7F30D72D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1579506743075" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Azevedo, Celso O." docDate="2020" docId="03FC87AE9919444907D2FAC37943F858" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4724.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4724 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Apenesia parasitica" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFC5FFD6993944690745FFC17B12FF81" masterDocTitle="Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698777886273" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EA416AE6E69A3523E7CB34FD8B98839D">
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<mods:title id="8706D36896F3ECB78FCB5D72FB3AB23F">Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3EFDB59922DEAC8ACAE4C1C8EEF2C841">Alencar, Isabel D. C. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="75E6024ECC6220F76305ECDAFC26E2E5">Azevedo, Celso O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="92A5421638D46279D5B63C33EE2C33AA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D0161802C6FBE5FB4CED8AB36511DC89">
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<mods:date id="6FAACF2D42EB421054EF505156FC3548">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ED8A22DFD1B21778546593162130847B">2020-01-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="717C0A87064062776BA341DDA2FC3E44">4724</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="77FB1ED096BF7355FC33BFBED9451D73" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4724.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FC87AE9919444907D2FAC37943F858" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5919556" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161762897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5919556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC87AE9919444907D2FAC37943F858" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC87AE9919444907D2FAC37943F858" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C34F65339919444907D2FAC37921FA9D" box="[151,563,1282,1308]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36B89919444907D2FAC37921FA9D" blockId="32.[151,563,1282,1344]" box="[151,563,1282,1308]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0A281D49919444907D2FAC37921FA9D" bold="true" box="[151,563,1282,1308]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D3B9919444907D2FAC37921FA9D" authority="(Smith, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,563,1282,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Apenesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasitica">
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA9919444907D2FAC37921FA9D" bold="true" box="[151,563,1282,1308]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA9919444907D2FAC37A96FA9D" bold="true" box="[151,388,1282,1308]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Apenesia parasitica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B499919444906D1FAC37939FA9D" author="Smith, F." box="[404,555,1282,1308]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref51300" refString="Smith, F. (1865) Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects from the islands of Sumatra, Sula, Gilolo, Salwatty, and New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 8, 61 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 02422. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Smith, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F65339919444907D2FAE77A54FAC1" box="[151,326,1317,1344]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36B89919444907D2FAE77A54FAC1" blockId="32.[151,563,1282,1344]" box="[151,326,1317,1344]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="136E2A3D9919444907DAFAE77A13FAC1" box="[159,257,1318,1344]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1934,1959]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,166,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@66.[197,1391,166,1914]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 24. Head. A. Apenesia azeda; B. Apenesia celiela; C. Apenesia conradti; D. Apenesia sahyadrica. Mandible. E. Apenesia azeda; F. Apenesia celiela; G. Apenesia conradti; H. Apenesia sahyadrica. Lateral mesosoma. I. Apenesia conradti; J. Apenesia parasitica." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3612986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3612986/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 24J</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136E2A3D991944490648FAE47A2CFAC1" box="[269,318,1317,1344]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1942,1967]" captionTargetBox="[200,1388,167,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@67.[196,1391,166,1922]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 25. Dorsal mesosoma. A. Apenesia azeda; B. Apenesia celiela; C. Apenesia conradti; D. Apenesia parasitica, E. Apenesia sahyadrica. Body. F. Apenesia amazonica; G. Apenesia amoena; H. Apenesia bicolor; I. Apenesia chontaica; J. Apenesia delicata. (Scale bar F–J 250µm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3612988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3612988/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">25D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F65339919444907D2FAAB7F73FA3A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36B89919444907D2FAAB795CFA01" blockId="32.[151,1436,1386,1467]" box="[151,590,1386,1408]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D3B9919444907D2FAAB7AE2FA01" authority="Smith 1865" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,496,1386,1408]" class="Caudofoveata" family="Prochaetodermatidae" genus="Scleroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetodermatida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parasitica">
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA9919444907D2FAAB7A6AFA01" box="[151,376,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Scleroderma parasitica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4999194449063BFAAB7AE2FA01" author="Smith, F." box="[382,496,1386,1408]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref51300" refString="Smith, F. (1865) Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects from the islands of Sumatra, Sula, Gilolo, Salwatty, and New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 8, 61 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 02422. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Smith 1865</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 8: 79,
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<specimenCount id="9D53FD31991944490573FAAA795AFA01" box="[566,584,1387,1408]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36B89919444907D2FA497F73FA3A" blockId="32.[151,1436,1386,1467]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D3B9919444907D2FA497AF9FA1F" authority="(Smith, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,491,1416,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Apenesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasitica">
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA9919444907D2FA497A4AFA1C" box="[151,344,1416,1437]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Apenesia parasitica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B49991944490622FA497AF6FA1F" author="Smith, F." box="[359,484,1416,1438]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref51300" refString="Smith, F. (1865) Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects from the islands of Sumatra, Sula, Gilolo, Salwatty, and New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 8, 61 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 02422. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Smith, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B499919444906B3FA497987FA1C" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[502,661,1416,1438]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="117 - 140" refId="ref51688" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1881) Observations on the hymenopterous genus Scleroderma, Klug, and some allied groups. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 1881, 117 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1881. tb 01536. x" type="journal article" year="1881">Westwood 1881</bibRefCitation>
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, 132 (designation of combination);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B499919444904B2FA497FB2FA1C" author="Dalla Torre, C. G. D." box="[1015,1184,1416,1438]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 598" refId="ref49376" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. D. (1898) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. In: Chalcididae et Proctotrupidae 5. Suptibus Gulleimi Engelmann, Lipsiae, pp. 1 - 598." type="book chapter" year="1898">Dalla Torre 1898</bibRefCitation>
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, 5: 558 (catalog);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B49991944490212FA497A06FA3B" author="Kieffer, J. J." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref50141" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1908) Bethylidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, 76, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1908">Kieffer 1908</bibRefCitation>
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, 76: 25 (catalog);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B49991944490687FA64792DFA3B" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[450,575,1445,1467]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="228 - 595" refId="ref50319" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1914) Bethylidae. Das Tierreich, 41, 228 - 595." type="journal article" year="1914">Kieffer 1914</bibRefCitation>
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, 41: 392, 394;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4999194449058AFA6478BEFA3B" author="Gordh, G. & Moczar, L." box="[719,940,1445,1467]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref49824" refString="Gordh, G. & Moczar, L. (1990) A catalog of the world Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 46, 1 - 364. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1990. tb 00341. x" type="journal article" year="1990">Gordh & Móczár 1990</bibRefCitation>
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, 46: 209 (catalog).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F65339919444907D2FA287A81F95D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEA36B89919444907D2FA287A81F95D" blockId="32.[151,1437,1513,2009]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA9919444907D2FA287A00F985" bold="true" box="[151,274,1513,1540]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Female. Length 2.0 mm.
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<emphasis id="B921EAAA991944490573FA28796DF985" bold="true" box="[566,639,1513,1540]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Color.</emphasis>
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Body reddish castaneous. Clypeus short with apical margin of median lobe slightly concave, median carina absent. Eye dark, oval. Malar space very short. Frons polished, punctures small and very sparse. Head weakly elongate with sides subparallel, vertex slightly concave, 1.3 × as long as wide, occipital carina visible in dorsal view. Dorsal pronotal area short with sides subparallel, anterior margin with median emargination. Maximum width of metapectal-propodeal complex 1.6 × its minimum width. Mesopleuron without carina dividing dorsal and lateral faces. Mesotibia strongly spinose. Metasoma longer than head and mesosoma together, petiole short.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F6533991944490782F9247E32F881" box="[199,1312,1765,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BEA36B8991944490782F9247E32F881" blockId="32.[151,1437,1513,2009]" box="[199,1312,1765,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAAA991944490782F9247AA3F881" bold="true" box="[199,433,1765,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3CE59919444906F2F9277E32F881" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2556156864" box="[439,1312,1766,1792]" collectingDate="1900-12" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Is. S. Thome & Aqua-Ize & L. Fea." elevation="700" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="701" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EE881A9919444906F2F927790DF881" box="[439,543,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D53FD31991944490562F927792CF881" box="[551,574,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
:
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<collectorName id="26A0536E99194449050FF92779CEF881" box="[586,732,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Is. S. Thomé</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectorName id="26A0536E9919444905A0F9277842F881" box="[741,848,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Aqua-Ize</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FFEB1078991944490419F92778D6F881" box="[860,964,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1900-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAFE990991944490419F92778D6F881" box="[860,964,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1900-12">XII.1900</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
, 400–
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||
<specimenCount id="9D53FD3199194449034EF9277F40F881" box="[1035,1106,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAD9B5D99194449034EF9277F5CF881" box="[1035,1102,1766,1792]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0078D18B99194449034EF9277F5CF881" box="[1035,1102,1766,1792]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
|
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</specimenCount>
|
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,
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<collectorName id="26A0536E991944490319F9277FB9F881" box="[1116,1195,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. Fea.</collectorName>
|
||
(
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<collectionCode id="ED44AE7D9919444903FFF9277E06F881" box="[1210,1300,1766,1792]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BMNH</collectionCode>
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).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34F6533991944490782F8C879CEF835" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36B8991944490782F8C879CEF835" blockId="32.[151,1437,1513,2009]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<emphasis id="B921EAAA991944490782F8C87A5DF8A5" bold="true" box="[199,335,1801,1828]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Comments.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B49991944490610F8CB7976F8A5" author="Gordh, G. & Moczar, L." box="[341,612,1802,1828]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref49824" refString="Gordh, G. & Moczar, L. (1990) A catalog of the world Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 46, 1 - 364. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1440 - 6055.1990. tb 00341. x" type="journal article" year="1990">Gordh & Móczár (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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assigned the authorship of this species as “
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4999194449037BF8CB7FDFF8A5" author="Smith, F." box="[1086,1229,1802,1828]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="6 - 48" refId="ref51231" refString="Smith, F. (1864) Catalogue of hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. A. Wallace in the Islands of Mysol, Ceram, Waigiou, Bouru and Timor. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 7, 6 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1863. tb 02085. x" type="journal article" year="1864">Smith, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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||
”. This paper exists but the correct year of publication is “
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4999194449057CF8EF79DAF8C9" author="Smith, F." box="[569,712,1837,1864]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref51300" refString="Smith, F. (1865) Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects from the islands of Sumatra, Sula, Gilolo, Salwatty, and New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 8, 61 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 02422. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Smith, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C554D3B991944490598F8EF78AEF8C9" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[733,956,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Apenesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parasitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAAA991944490598F8EF78AEF8C9" box="[733,956,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Apenesia parasitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was available for this study using the illustrations included in this paper. Our diagnosis is based on those illustrations and the descriptions provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4999194449021CF8937BF0F811" author="Smith, F." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="61 - 94" refId="ref51300" refString="Smith, F. (1865) Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects from the islands of Sumatra, Sula, Gilolo, Salwatty, and New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace. Journal of the Proceeding of the Linnean Society, Zoology Suplement, 8, 61 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1865. tb 02422. x" type="journal article" year="1865">Smith (1865)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B49991944490652F8B77AF3F811" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[279,481,1910,1936]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="117 - 140" refId="ref51688" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1881) Observations on the hymenopterous genus Scleroderma, Klug, and some allied groups. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 1881, 117 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1881. tb 01536. x" type="journal article" year="1881">Westwood (1881)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Although there is a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EE881A991944490581F8B77809F811" box="[708,795,1910,1936]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
label attached to the specimen, in the original description only one specimen was listed as material examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34F6533991944490782F87C7943F858" box="[199,593,1981,2009]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEA36B8991944490782F87C7943F858" blockId="32.[151,1437,1513,2009]" box="[199,593,1981,2009]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B921EAAA991944490782F87C7A73F859" bold="true" box="[199,353,1981,2008]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Oriental (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3427628991944490697F87F7954F858" box="[466,582,1982,2009]" name="Indonesia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |