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<mods:title id="EAFBC588DA684198A97DFC2C1B237450">Checklist, diversity descriptors and selected descriptions of a highly diverse intertidal sponge (Porifera) assemblage at Costa do Descobrimento (Bahia, Brazil)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FC87AD647AC361FF0AFE9768D2496E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268529" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209581057" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10268529" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC87AD647AC361FF0AFE9768D2496E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC87AD647AC361FF0AFE9768D2496E" lastPageNumber="465" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
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<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FF0AFE9769ED4D41" ID-CoL="6VNBS" authority="Boury-Esnault, 1973" authorityName=", Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,676,295,322]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF0AFE9769ED4D41" bold="true" box="[151,676,295,322]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF0AFE976AD24D41" bold="true" box="[151,411,295,322]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Placospongia cristata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FE3FFE9769ED4D41" author="Boury-Esnault, N." box="[418,676,295,321]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="263 - 295" refId="ref20079" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats Scientifiques des Campagnes de la ' Calypso'. Campagne de la ' Calypso' au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). I. 29. Spongiaires. Annales de l'Institut oceanographique, 49 (Supplement 10), 263 - 295." type="journal article" year="1973">Boury-Esnault, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF0AFEFB6ABA4D65" blockId="22.[151,676,295,358]" box="[151,499,331,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
(
<tableCitation id="C6D70300647AC361FF3CFEFB6A554D65" box="[161,284,331,357]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="5.[150,238,469,495]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,239,151,175]" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Checklist of sponges (Porifera) from Costa do Descobrimento (Bahia, Brazil). Species in the present study and previous intertidal records (in bold), consulted in: 1Hajdu et al. (2011), 2Cavalcante et al. (2014) and 3Oliveira et al. (2015). Some species are kept together in the collection MNRJ and have the same code." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Local distribution of intertidal sponge species collected on reefs of Costa do Descobrimento (Bahia, Brazil) in the present study. AA, Arraial D’Ajuda; CVM, Coroa Vermelha/Mutá; RF, Parque Nacional Marinho—P.M.M. Recife de Fora; CA, P.M.M. Coroa Alta." pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6D70300647AC361FEB5FEFC6A714D66" box="[296,312,332,358]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="24.[150,238,648,674]" captionText="TABLE 7. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973: comparative data on morphology, spicules and known distribution. Spicule measurements in micrometers (µm) are presented as minimum–average–maximum (or minimum–maximum; or only maximum) of length x thickness; or longer length x shorter length (selenasters), or length (microhabds); or diameter (spherasters and spherules). Roman numerals represent categories of tylostyles; and data not reported are represented as n.r." pageId="22" pageNumber="465">7</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FED8FEFB6AA34D65" box="[325,490,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Figures 10A–J</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF0AFE3F6A474DA7" bold="true" box="[151,270,399,423]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" reason="1">Synonymy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FE89FE2068554DA8" authority=", sensu Schmidt (1870)" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[276,796,400,424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melobesioides">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FE89FE20697C4DA8" box="[276,565,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Placospongia melobesioides</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FDDDFE2069314DA7" box="[576,632,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FDE3FE2068554DA8" author="Schmidt, O." box="[638,796,400,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" refId="ref27249" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundz ¸ ge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt (1870)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[non
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FCCBFE206FCC4DA7" authority="Gray, 1867 b" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[854,1157,399,424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melobesioides">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FCCBFE2068B74DA8" box="[854,1022,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">P. melobesioides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FB9EFE206FCC4DA7" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1027,1157,399,424]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="127 - 129" refId="ref22639" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867 b) On Placospongia, a new generic Form of Spongiadae in the British Museum. Proceedings of the zoological society of London, 127 - 129." type="book chapter" year="1867">Gray, 1867b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
]. Detailed synonymy in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FAE5FE206A024DC6" author="van Soest, R. W." pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref28629" refString="van Soest, R. W. (2009) New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae). Zootaxa, 2107 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2107.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">van Soest (2009)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6530647AC361FF0AFE446F3D4E57" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF0AFE446F3D4E57" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF0AFE446A2F4E0E" bold="true" box="[151,358,500,526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Studied material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3CE6647AC361FEF1FE45692F4E33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4099089304" collectingDate="2019-03-20" collectionCode="MNRJ" collectorName="Porto Seguro, BA &amp; Leite D." country="Brazil" latitude="-16.497683" location="Arraial D'Ajuda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-39.0678" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" specimenCode="MNRJ 20489" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBF39EC0647AC361FEF1FE45694F4E0F" box="[364,518,501,527]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">MNRJ 20489</specimenCode>
, Mucugê (
<geoCoordinate id="EE61507C647AC361FDE7FE4668444E0F" box="[634,781,501,529]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="29.861" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" precision="1" value="-16.497683">16°29.861′ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE61507C647AC361FC84FE4668EF4E0F" box="[793,934,501,529]" degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="4.068" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" precision="1" value="-39.0678">39°4.068′ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="8E8A6060647AC361FC32FE446F204E0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC87AD647AC361FF0AFE9768D2496E:8E8A6060647AC361FC32FE446F204E0E" box="[943,1129,500,526]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.497683" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-39.0678" name="Arraial D'Ajuda" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Arraial D’Ajuda</location>
,
<collectorName id="26A0536D647AC361FBE9FE456E744E0F" box="[1140,1341,501,527]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Porto Seguro, BA</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FADAFE446ED94E0E" box="[1351,1424,500,526]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Brazil</collectingCountry>
), intertidal, coll.
<collectorName id="26A0536D647AC361FEDFFDA86AD64E33" box="[322,415,536,563]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Leite D.</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFEB107B647AC361FE36FDA9692F4E33" box="[427,614,536,563]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" value="2019-03-20">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE993647AC361FE36FDA9692F4E33" box="[427,614,536,563]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" value="2019-03-20">
20
<superScript id="7C209BF3647AC361FE5AFDA86A9D4E26" attach="left" box="[455,468,536,550]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">th</superScript>
March 2019
</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3D3CE6647AC361FDEFFDA96F384E57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4099089307" collectingDate="2019-03-21" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.323067" location="Brazil" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-38.998783" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" specimenCode="MNRJ 20508" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBF39EC0647AC361FDEFFDA968454E33" box="[626,780,536,563]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">MNRJ 20508</specimenCode>
, Coroa Vermelha Reef (
<geoCoordinate id="EE61507C647AC361FB85FDAA6FE24E33" box="[1048,1195,537,565]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="19.384" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" precision="1" value="-16.323067">16°19.384′ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE61507C647AC361FB25FDAA6E1A4E33" box="[1208,1363,537,565]" degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="59.927" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" precision="1" value="-38.998783">38°59.927′ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26A0536D647AC361FAC3FDA96A224E57" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FEEBFD8C6AF64E56" box="[374,447,572,598]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Brazil</collectingCountry>
), intertidal, coll.
<collectorName id="26A0536D647AC361FDE0FD8C69A14E57" box="[637,744,572,599]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Hajdu, E.</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A0536D647AC361FC91FD8C68F94E57" box="[780,944,572,599]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Fioravanso, A.</collectorName>
<date id="FFEB107B647AC361FC2AFD8D6F384E57" box="[951,1137,572,599]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" value="2019-03-21">
<collectingDate id="EFAFE993647AC361FC2AFD8D6F384E57" box="[951,1137,572,599]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" value="2019-03-21">
21
<superScript id="7C209BF3647AC361FC4EFD8C68974E4A" attach="left" box="[979,990,572,586]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">st</superScript>
March 2019
</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6530647AC361FF5AFDD06ADB4FBF" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFDD06E674EC3" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFDD06A104E7A" bold="true" box="[199,345,608,634]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Description.</emphasis>
Thickly encrusting (less than
<quantity id="4CAD9B5E647AC361FD36FDD169A54E7B" box="[683,748,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
thick),
<quantity id="4CAD9B5E647AC361FCDFFDD168C74E7B" box="[834,910,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" unit="cm" value="2.8">2.8 cm</quantity>
maximum length, with slender plates (&lt;
<quantity id="4CAD9B5E647AC361FAC6FDD16ED44E7B" box="[1371,1437,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
thick) and grooves (ca.
<quantity id="4CAD9B5E647AC361FE3FFD356AAD4E9F" box="[418,484,645,671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide) on the surface. Consistency hard, but plates feel like crunchy flakes. Color
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FA1BFD356B8F4EC2" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">in vivo</emphasis>
orangey-brown overall, dull on plates and brighter in the grooves. Dark beige in fixative (
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FB24FD186E684EC3" box="[1209,1313,680,707]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFD7C69224F2F" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFD7C6A7C4EE6" bold="true" box="[199,309,716,742]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Ectosome with cortical plates of selenasters and smaller tylostyles. The choanosome with abundant dispersed spicules of every kind, aside the larger tylostyles, organised in ascending columns up to 200 µm thick beneath the cortical plates (
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FE57FCA469164F2F" box="[458,607,788,815]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Figs. 10B–D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFC886ADB4FBF" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFC886A794F52" bold="true" box="[199,304,824,850]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Spicules.</emphasis>
Megascleres (
<tableCitation id="C6D70300647AC361FE48FC8869574F53" box="[469,542,824,851]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="24.[150,238,648,674]" captionText="TABLE 7. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973: comparative data on morphology, spicules and known distribution. Spicule measurements in micrometers (µm) are presented as minimum–average–maximum (or minimum–maximum; or only maximum) of length x thickness; or longer length x shorter length (selenasters), or length (microhabds); or diameter (spherasters and spherules). Roman numerals represent categories of tylostyles; and data not reported are represented as n.r." pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Tab. 7</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FDB1FC8869F24F53" box="[556,699,824,851]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Figs. 10E–F</figureCitation>
): tylostyles, 251–480.1–797 x 6–10.1–15 µm. Microscleres (
<tableCitation id="C6D70300647AC361FAF1FC886BE14F77" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="24.[150,238,648,674]" captionText="TABLE 7. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973: comparative data on morphology, spicules and known distribution. Spicule measurements in micrometers (µm) are presented as minimum–average–maximum (or minimum–maximum; or only maximum) of length x thickness; or longer length x shorter length (selenasters), or length (microhabds); or diameter (spherasters and spherules). Roman numerals represent categories of tylostyles; and data not reported are represented as n.r." pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Tab. 7</tableCitation>
): selenasters, 54‒61.8‒71 x 39‒49.0‒55 µm (larger diameter x smaller diameter;
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FBB2FCEC6FDF4F77" box="[1071,1174,860,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
); spherasters, 15‒17.9‒ 25 µm (
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FF70FC306A194F9B" box="[237,336,896,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Fig. 10H</figureCitation>
); and microrhabds (varying among microspherasters, microamphiasters, microspirasters;
<figureCitation id="136E2A3E647AC361FAA9FC306EC74F9B" box="[1332,1422,896,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[242,1346,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault, 1973, MNRJ 20508: A, specimen in life; B, transverse sections showing a wide and elongated cavity in the choanosomal region and an oscule; C, detail of the oscule; D, bundles of tylostyles running to the ectosomal region throughout the choanosome; E, bundles of tylostyles piercing the surface; F, tylostyles; G, selenasters; H, spherasters; I, acanthomicrorhabds and J, spirasters from another specimen (MNRJ 20489), arrow point to acanthomicrorhabds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10268738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10268738/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
), ca. 1.4‒2.3 µm (n= 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6530647AC361FF5AFC786EC5482A" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFC786EC5482A" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFC786A284FE2" bold="true" box="[199,353,968,994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Distribution.</emphasis>
Previously
<collectingRegion id="4991F859647AC361FE6AFC7869CA4FE2" box="[503,643,968,994]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FD07FC7869974FE2" box="[666,734,968,994]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Brazil</collectingCountry>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FD66FC7868A34FE3" author="Boury-Esnault, N." box="[763,1002,968,995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="263 - 295" refId="ref20079" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats Scientifiques des Campagnes de la ' Calypso'. Campagne de la ' Calypso' au large des cotes atlantiques de l'Amerique du Sud (1961 - 1962). I. 29. Spongiaires. Annales de l'Institut oceanographique, 49 (Supplement 10), 263 - 295." type="journal article" year="1973">Boury-Esnault 1973</bibRefCitation>
), Caribbean (
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FB0DFC786FA44FE2" box="[1168,1261,968,994]" name="Curaçao" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FA97FC786EDE4FE3" author="Arndt" box="[1290,1431,968,995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="133 - 158" refId="ref19316" refString="Arndt, W. (1927) Kalk-und Kieselschwamme von Curacao: (Mit 3 Tafeln und 16 Textfiguren.). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 25 (1), 133 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 26660644 - 02501006" type="book chapter" year="1927">Arndt 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FF0AFC5C6A494806" box="[151,256,1004,1030]" name="Barbados" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Barbados</collectingCountry>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FE80FC5C6AF04806" author="Hechtel, G. J." box="[285,441,1004,1030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref23111" refString="Hechtel, G. J. (1969) New species and records of shallow water Demospongiae from Barbados, West Indies. Postilla, 132, 1 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12977" type="journal article" year="1969">Hechtel 1969</bibRefCitation>
). New record—Costa do Descobrimento, BA,
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FC4FFC5C6F534806" box="[978,1050,1004,1030]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The species had been previously recorded for BA (Todos os Santos Bay,
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FDCEFBA069F2482A" box="[595,699,1040,1066]" name="El Salvador" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Salvador</collectingCountry>
), but without any accompanying description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FB27FBA06EC9482A" author="Bispo, R. &amp; Johnsson, R. &amp; Neves, E." box="[1210,1408,1040,1066]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="23 - 34" refId="ref19916" refString="Bispo, R., Johnsson, R. &amp; Neves, E. (2006) A new species of Asterocheres (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Asterocheridae) associated to Placospongia cristata Boury-Esnault (Porifera) in Bahia State, Brazil. Zootaxa, 1351, 23 - 34." type="journal article" year="2006">
Bispo
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FA99FBA16E74482A" box="[1284,1341,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6530647AC361FF5AFB856E074897" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFB856E074897" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFB856A65484F" bold="true" box="[199,300,1077,1103]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Ecology.</emphasis>
Spreading over calcareous substrate in a sciophilous microhabitat, next to a diverse assemblage of organisms comprising other sponges, and abundant filamentous organisms. This species appears rarer than
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FA15FBE96BBF4896" baseAuthorityName="Wiedenmayer" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Scopalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scopalinida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ruetzleri">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FA15FBE96BBF4896" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">P. ruetzleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the study area (our observations) as well as from other areas of BA (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FB89FBCC6E084897" author="Macola, R. &amp; Menegola, C." box="[1044,1345,1148,1175]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="12 - 22" refId="ref24338" refString="Macola, R. &amp; Menegola, C. (2021) A new species of Placospongia Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Placospongiidae) and new record of P. ruetzleri van Soest, 2017 from Northeast, Brazil, Zootaxa, 5072 (1), 12 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5072.1.2" type="journal article" year="2021">Mácola &amp; Menegola 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F6530647AC361FF5AFB1168D2496E" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEA36BB647AC361FF5AFB1168D2496E" blockId="22.[151,1437,500,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF5AFB116A7248BB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1185,1211]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Remarks.</emphasis>
Currently, the distinction between the Western Atlantic
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FC51FB116F0B48BA" authorityName=", Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[972,1090,1185,1210]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FC51FB116F0B48BA" box="[972,1090,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">P. cristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Indo-Western Pacific
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FF0AFB756A1C48DE" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,341,1220,1246]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melobesioides">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FF0AFB756A1C48DE" box="[151,341,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">P. melobesioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rests on the tylostyles of the latter reaching larger dimensions.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC44B4A647AC361FBA4FB756E4948DF" author="van Soest, R. W." box="[1081,1280,1221,1247]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref28629" refString="van Soest, R. W. (2009) New sciophilous sponges from the Caribbean (Porifera: Demospongiae). Zootaxa, 2107 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2107.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Van Soest (2009)</bibRefCitation>
suggests that microspherasters (= microrhabds in the present study) could be present in the
<typeStatus id="54EE8819647AC361FB9FFB596F7B4903" box="[1026,1074,1257,1283]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C554D38647AC361FB26FB596E794902" authorityName=", Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[1211,1328,1257,1283]" class="Demospongiae" family="Placospongiidae" genus="Placospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="22" pageNumber="465" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FB26FB596F854902" box="[1211,1228,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B921EAA9647AC361FB47FB596E794902" box="[1242,1328,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">cristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is confirmed by Dr. J. Sandes (pers. com.; Museu Nacional,
<collectingRegion id="4991F859647AC361FC8BFABC68F14926" box="[790,952,1292,1318]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F342762B647AC361FC5FFABC6F424926" box="[962,1035,1292,1318]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">Brazil</collectingCountry>
), who has analysed the species’
<typeStatus id="54EE8819647AC361FAF1FABD6ED54927" box="[1388,1436,1293,1319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">type</typeStatus>
material. Moreover, we found a few spirasters in specimen MNRJ 20489; ca. 20 µm long, which seem to be absent from the
<typeStatus id="54EE8819647AC361FF63FAE56A67496F" box="[254,302,1365,1391]" pageId="22" pageNumber="465">type</typeStatus>
specimen (Dr. J. Sandes, pers. com.; Museu Nacional).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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