324 lines
40 KiB
XML
324 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="339F0A8B2C954BB54D2E964D88E4BEA6" ID-CLB-Dataset="168724" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5196.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49fe86d7-3bd9-4b2a-a094-98e608a763f2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7224360" ID-ZooBank="7634BBCB-56DF-4DBB-B814-C8B621D13771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1666166701897" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barraclough, David A. & Colville, Jonathan F." docDate="2022" docId="03EEC97EFFDFA02786E123AEFB6EFBB5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5196.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5196 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Atriadops irwini Barraclough & Colville 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="149" masterDocId="FFD7B106FFDDA02386762103FFA3FF80" masterDocTitle="The first species of Nemestrinidae (Diptera) endemic to Madagascar: A remarkable new species of Atriadops Wandolleck, 1897" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1699408030065" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="E7D3C8C7776A057B6C1044D033C74233" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6A7D87601CA41A4BF5EA20FF64A14A3E">
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<mods:title id="2C48006D07BD51C92D03E23C26AF745A">The first species of Nemestrinidae (Diptera) endemic to Madagascar: A remarkable new species of Atriadops Wandolleck, 1897</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D14357FD4933338AFBB8C66E5F29279C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="924A839210607915FB889D621CF38E57">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5B0F593693E4D36274B6901B17E7E05C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AD0226C36AF0E7F3C82FCD28EC8CF0B5">Barraclough, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EE5A545985924F2EDCF774C1D167793C">School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P. Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Natural Science, KwaZulu-Natal Museum, 237 Jabu Ndlovu Street, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa; and Entomology Department, Iziko South African Museum, P. O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B2C21E7BE24E28EE34DFFC9A375EDD8D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="527CE7EE47DB4BDB937463914F91837B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5C3E83E75FA8739C78AED5AB3D4B6128">Colville, Jonathan F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0E5A3A278C71FF9617CA18F217E3EE49" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2176-3077</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D815CC113454833365F60ABAC9624A49">Statistics in Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. jonathan. colville @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2176 - 3077</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AC76BC7D562FE33FDE2C8B7EE90AB247" type="email">jonathan.colville@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B59B61CBA24ED059FB3C3135669563AA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="92BE0DF8CC4FB1B3078ED3CB54F4C08E">
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<mods:title id="02FE744A8FB33BA369AD854261AE48D5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8923F1030E21381F71BA44A41265FB47">
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<mods:date id="DBF56283207DA7301CD380A3D2CB8EC5">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E4B614901D5526F059A9512CDDCF564B">2022-10-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="AE1783BD16D468C7A4A1E57407AA354A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FF0DBC7121C74066B6AFE54B3F1F2D63">5196</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="419E27558FBCA6B102450D621D3F1B60" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="FE16CB07353E7528FD947A496A8E9783">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8DF3B7D2062CA4429C5F6F288FD31FDA">145</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="B9AB760169E1CB0CF2FFC616EC09CE56">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E02893DBDA3CEA765E3A216AB12A144D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5196.1.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EEC97EFFDFA02786E123AEFB6EFBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224459" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203115589" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7224459" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EEC97EFFDFA02786E123AEFB6EFBB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EEC97EFFDFA02786E123AEFB6EFBB5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02186E123AEFDC7FD47" box="[151,612,685,712]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02186E123AEFDC7FD47" blockId="2.[151,612,685,747]" box="[151,612,685,712]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<heading id="D0B0CF04FFDFA02186E123AEFDC7FD47" bold="true" box="[151,612,685,712]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186E123AEFDC7FD47" bold="true" box="[151,612,685,712]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA02186E123AEFDA2FD47" ID-CoL="BCJCR" authority="Barraclough" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,513,685,712]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186E123AEFEFFFD47" bold="true" box="[151,348,685,712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Atriadops irwini</emphasis>
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Barraclough
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFDFA021847E23AEFDC7FD47" box="[520,612,685,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02186E123D2FE91FD6B" box="[151,306,721,747]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02186E123D2FE91FD6B" blockId="2.[151,612,685,747]" box="[151,306,721,747]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFDFA02186E923D2FE89FD6B" box="[159,298,721,747]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Figs 2A–2D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02186E1221AFAA4FCD7" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02186E1221AFAA4FCD7" blockId="2.[151,1437,793,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186E1221AFE9DFCB3" bold="true" box="[151,318,793,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Type material</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="3B2F7235FFDFA021873A221AFAA4FCD7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3926290301" collectingDate="2007-01-07" collectionCode="NMSA" country="Madagascar" elevation="425" location="Antsiranana Province" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D41B3E1FFDFA021873A221AFED2FCB3" box="[332,369,793,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35038F8FFDFA021870B221AFDAAFCB3" box="[381,521,793,819]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="4983B68AFFDFA0218467221AFCA4FCB3" box="[529,775,793,819]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Antsiranana Province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA0218567221AFC1AFCB3" bold="true" box="[785,953,793,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<typeStatus id="54FCC6CAFFDFA0218567221AFC17FCB3" box="[785,948,793,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D41B3E1FFDFA02185B62219FC7BFCB4" box="[960,984,794,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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: “Sakaramy,
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<quantity id="4CBFD58DFFDFA021821A2219FB06FCB3" box="[1132,1189,793,820]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
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N Joffre- / ville; hand netted in lowland / tropical forest;
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<date id="FFF95EA8FFDFA021846C223EFDDAFCD7" box="[538,633,829,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" value="2007-01-07">
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<collectingDate id="EFBDA740FFDFA021846C223EFDDAFCD7" box="[538,633,829,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" value="2007-01-07">7.i.2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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; ME Irwin /
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<quantity id="4CBFD58DFFDFA021857E223EFCF1FCD8" box="[776,850,829,856]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="425.0">
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<elevation id="006A9F5BFFDFA021857E223EFCF1FCD8" box="[776,850,829,856]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="425.0">425 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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; 12°26.77ˈS, 49°14.10ˈE” (in
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<collectionCode id="ED56E0ADFFDFA02182D3223EFB58FCD7" box="[1189,1275,829,855]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02186B12262FB74FC43" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02186B12262FB74FC43" blockId="2.[151,1437,793,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186B12262FEEDFCFB" bold="true" box="[199,334,865,891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named for Dr Michael E. Irwin, Emeritus Professor, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, who collected the
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<typeStatus id="54FCC6CAFFDFA02184282286FD67FC1F" box="[606,708,901,927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. It recognises his long and distinguished career and his contribution to Afrotropical dipterology, in particular the taxonomy and systematics of lower Brachycera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02186B122CEFD4AFB64" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02186B122CEFD4AFB64" blockId="2.[151,1437,793,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186B122CEFEE1FC67" bold="true" box="[199,322,973,999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Unlike all the African material examined and unlike
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02185FD22CDFB52FC67" box="[907,1265,973,1000]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA02185FD22CDFBA0FC67" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[907,1027,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iavanus">A. iavanus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA021827A22CDFB52FC67" box="[1036,1265,973,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amamioshimensis">A. amamioshimensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA021835322CDFA36FC67" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1824" box="[1317,1429,973,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Colax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macula">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA021835322CDFA36FC67" box="[1317,1429,973,1000]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">A. macula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the style is short and at most about one and a half times the length of the postpedicel. In the three species referred to above, the style is longer and at least three times the length of the postpedicel. In addition, and based on comparison with African material, the antennae in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA021843F2539FD0FFBD3" authority="Barraclough & Colville, 2022" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[585,684,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA021843F2539FD0FFBD3" box="[585,684,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">A. irwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02184C2253AFCADFBD3" bold="true" box="[692,782,1081,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFDFA02184C2253AFCADFBD3" box="[692,782,1081,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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are more closely approximated and more deeply recessed in the facial groove. They are also partially concealed by a denser and more elongate pile at the anterior extent of the frons. These pronounced differences are evident in
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<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFDFA021848A2582FCF1FB1B" box="[764,850,1153,1179]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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. The only species not reviewed are
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA02182A92581FAECFB1B" authorityName="Paramonov" authorityYear="1953" box="[1247,1359,1154,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aruanu">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02182A92581FB53FB1C" box="[1247,1264,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02182882581FAECFB1B" box="[1278,1359,1154,1179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">aruanu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA02183F22581FEAEFB3F" authorityName="Lichtwardt" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodi">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02183F22581FA36FB1C" box="[1412,1429,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186E125A6FEAEFB3F" box="[151,269,1189,1215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">westwoodi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from isolated localities in eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F35038F8FFDFA02184E525A6FCA3FB3F" box="[659,768,1189,1215]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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and eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F35038F8FFDFA02185FB25A6FC54FB3F" box="[909,1015,1189,1215]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, respectively. It is extremely unlikely that they could be conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDFA021845325C9FD24FB63" authority="Barraclough & Colville, 2022" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[549,647,1226,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA021845325C9FD24FB63" box="[549,647,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">A. irwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFDFA02184F825CAFD4AFB64" box="[654,745,1225,1252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02184F825CAFD40FB63" bold="true" box="[654,739,1225,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">sp. nov</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFDFA02786B125EEFAC6FD29" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDFA02786B125EEFAC6FD29" blockId="2.[151,1437,793,2008]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,1077]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="149" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186B125EEFD29FA87" bold="true" box="[199,650,1261,1287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">
|
||
Description (based on male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FCC6CAFFDFA021846525EEFDDEFA87" box="[531,637,1261,1287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body length:
|
||
<quantity id="4CBFD58DFFDFA021855C25EEFC03FA88" box="[810,928,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.047" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="10.47">10.47 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="4CBFD58DFFDFA021823525EEFB16FA88" box="[1091,1205,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.072" pageId="2" pageNumber="147" unit="mm" value="10.72">10.72 mm</quantity>
|
||
(and see
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFDFA021835625EEFAD7FA87" box="[1312,1396,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
for dorsal habitus).
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA021873C2412FE29FAAB" bold="true" box="[330,394,1297,1323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFDFA02187EF2412FE51FAAB" box="[409,498,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Colouring: frons and face yellow to brown, but ocellar tubercle blackish, as on occiput (except at lower extent); antenna yellow to brown, scape somewhat darker. Pile: brown, short and sparse on ocellar tubercle, brown to golden and longer and much denser over frons, longest and most dense at anterior extent of frons, projecting over deep facial excavation, where length is subequal to that of antennae, thereafter cream to golden below facial excavation where sparser and partially absent at anteroventral extent of eye. Eyes closely approximated, but notably not touching in region anterior to ocellar tubercle. Ocellar tubercle just visible in profile, length subequal to that of scape, pedicel and postpedicel. Frons with lower extent clearly visible in profile. Antennae deeply recessed in facial excavation and difficult to discern, given density and length of pile at anterior extent of frons; relatively close together, at most 3.0 × length of scape, pedicel and postpedicel apart; scape difficult to discern, apparently about
|
||
<superScript id="7C32D520FFDFA02187CF2756FE62F9E3" attach="right" box="[441,449,1621,1635]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">1</superScript>
|
||
/ 2 length of pedicel and lacking vestiture; pedicel with elongate yellow pile along dorsal and ventral margins; postpedicel ovoid, slightly longer than scape; style short, about 1.0–1.5 × length of postpedicel.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02186E1279EFF53F937" bold="true" box="[151,240,1693,1719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFDFA0218689279EFEF9F937" box="[255,346,1693,1719]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
): pile creamy white to golden on scutum and scutellum, shorter and sparser posteromedially anterior to scutellum. Scutum with paired median and paired sublateral vittae, all black in colour; median vittae shorter and noticeably narrower, about
|
||
<superScript id="7C32D520FFDFA021878B27E6FDA6F973" attach="right" box="[509,517,1765,1779]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">2</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFDFA021847B27FBFDB6F886" attach="left" box="[525,533,1784,1798]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">3</subScript>
|
||
length of sublateral vittae. Pleuron yellow to brown with irregularly distributed long, white pile; pile entirely absent between fore and mid coxae and on katepisternum; ground colour noticeably black on ventral part of katepisternum and between fore and mid coxae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDFA02185DB262EFC46F8C7" bold="true" box="[941,997,1837,1863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="147">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: colour mostly yellow-brown, although tibiae and tarsi somewhat paler. Fore leg: coxa with anterior and ventral surface bearing elongate, white, dense pile; pile also elongate and dense on posterior face of femur, here cream at base, but ranging from pale brown medially to dark brown apically. Mid leg: without significant pile, this present on tibia but very short. Hind leg: only femur with significant pile, but this variably present; femur pile relatively elongate and dense dorsobasally and along ventral margin (length here reaching depth of femur).
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027857E2195FCEAFF30" bold="true" box="[776,841,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFD9A027852C2194FC15FF31" box="[858,950,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
): relatively broad basally and narrowed in apical
|
||
<superScript id="7C32D520FFD9A027869721B9FF4AFF48" attach="right" box="[225,233,186,200]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">3</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A027868721CEFF5AFF5B" attach="none" box="[241,249,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">5</subScript>
|
||
; apex acutely pointed just posterior to insertion of vein
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027851C21B8FC29FF5B" box="[874,906,187,219]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
M
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A02785F421CEFC29FF5B" attach="left" box="[898,906,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
on margin. Creamy white streak reaching from diagonal crossvein to costal margin as in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02784EA21DCFCC7FF79" box="[668,868,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02784EA21DCFCA9FF79" box="[668,778,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but notably slender and width subequal to distance between veins
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02787362000FEFAFEA3" box="[320,345,259,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
R
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A02787272016FEFAFEA3" attach="left" box="[337,345,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02787E42000FE1DFEA3" box="[402,446,259,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
R
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A02787D52016FE1DFEA3" attach="left" box="[419,446,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">2+3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
along wing margin. Venation otherwise unremarkable and supernumerary veins absent. Colouring of membrane rather indistinct dark brown, but paler on parts of posterior
|
||
<superScript id="7C32D520FFD9A027823A2025FBF7FEB4" attach="right" box="[1100,1108,294,308]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">1</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A027822A203AFBC7FEC7" attach="left" box="[1116,1124,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">3</subScript>
|
||
to
|
||
<superScript id="7C32D520FFD9A02782FC2025FB31FEB4" attach="right" box="[1162,1170,294,308]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">1</superScript>
|
||
/
|
||
<subScript id="17C37A2DFFD9A02782EF203AFB02FEC7" attach="left" box="[1177,1185,313,327]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">2</subScript>
|
||
of wing, although colouring irregularly distributed; darkest brown infuscation concentrated around some wing veins at mid-length of wing.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02786AB206DFEF1FE08" bold="true" box="[221,338,366,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C64EDFFD9A0278717206CFE18FE09" box="[353,443,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 2" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[276,1312,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2A–2D. External characters of Atriadops irwini sp. nov. 2A. Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards). 2B. Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna. 2C. Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation. 2D. Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
): colour: tergite 1 dark brown; tergites 2 to 7 a mixture of yellow-brown and dark brown, with darker colouring somewhat anteromedial and there more extensive, but progressively less apparent and irregularly distributed until only small dorsomedial marking on tergite 7 with this narrower than width of terminalia. Sternites almost entirely yellow-brown. Pile: short on tergites, but elongate and pale along lateral margins; small cluster of sparse, erect, dark vestiture on anteromedial margin of tergite 2 (although this not extending laterally), this vestiture similarly positioned on successive tergites but recumbent and less extensive (barely visible on tergite 7), on sternites short and white along posterior margins, length typically less than length of next sternite.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02783672345FA37FDE0" bold="true" box="[1297,1428,582,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
: cerci apparently short in profile, at most subequal in length to tergite 9. Posterolateral process of tergite 9 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD60599FFD9A027835A2368FEA9FD29" author="Nagatomi, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="601 - 615" refId="ref3746" refString="Nagatomi, A. (1978) The Nemestrinidae of Japan (Diptera). Journal of Natural History, 12, 601 - 615. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937800770441" type="journal article" year="1978">Nagatomi 1978: 609</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) broad along much of length, but noticeably tapered apically and extreme apex appearing quadrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3828E0FFDEA02086E12694FC22F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7224366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7224366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7224366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" startId="3.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[276,1312,181,1919]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF87868FFDEA02086E12694FC22F878" blockId="3.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA02086E12694FEFCF82F" bold="true" box="[151,351,1943,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">FIGURES 2A–2D.</emphasis>
|
||
External characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFDEA020843E269BFD4CF82F" authority="Barraclough & Colville, 2022" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[584,751,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA020843E269BFD4CF82F" box="[584,751,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">Atriadops irwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA0208483269BFCD2F82F" bold="true" box="[757,881,1943,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFDEA0208483269BFCE6F830" box="[757,837,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
2A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus (wings flexed downwards).
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA020835F2694FAEEF82F" bold="true" box="[1321,1357,1943,1967]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2B.</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal view of head, showing development of pile and form of antenna.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA020855D26B8FCF3F853" bold="true" box="[811,848,1979,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2C.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of wing, showing patterning and infuscation.
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFDEA02086E126DCFF1EF877" bold="true" box="[151,189,2015,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="148">2D.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of abdomen, showing patterning and distribution of pile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35D2BE3FFD9A02786B123B1FB6EFBB5" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF87868FFD9A02786B123B1FE44FC25" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02786B123B1FEE6FD4C" bold="true" box="[199,325,690,716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
: Based on experience with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A027840C23B0FCA0FD4C" authorityName="Lichtwardt. Together" authorityYear="1909" box="[634,771,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Nycterimyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027840C23B0FCA0FD4C" box="[634,771,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Nycterimyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is a need for extreme caution when assessing species characters in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A027872B23D4FDB3FD71" box="[349,528,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Trichopsideinae">Trichopsideinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD60599FFD9A027845423D4FD5CFD71" author="Barraclough, D. A." box="[546,767,726,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="38 - 44" refId="ref2737" refString="Barraclough, D. A. (2005 a) A taxonomic review of the Afrotropical species of Nycterimyia Lichtwardt (Diptera: Nemestrinidae: Trichopsideinae), with new synonymy. Durban Museum Novitates, 30, 38 - 44." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Barraclough 2005
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD60599FFD9A027848523D5FD5CFD71" author="Barraclough, D. A." box="[755,767,726,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="39 - 63" refId="ref2844" refString="Barraclough, D. A. (2006) An overview of the South African tangle-veined flies (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with an annotated key to the genera and a checklist of species. Zootaxa, 1277 (1), 39 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1277.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2006). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02785F623D4FBAAFD70" authorityName="Lichtwardt. Together" authorityYear="1909" box="[896,1033,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Nycterimyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02785F623D4FBAAFD70" box="[896,1033,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Nycterimyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for example, there is intraspecific sexual dimorphism in wing patterning and shape and in the shape of the antennal style (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD60599FFD9A02782FD23F8FAC7FC95" author="Barraclough, D. A." box="[1163,1380,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" pagination="39 - 63" refId="ref2844" refString="Barraclough, D. A. (2006) An overview of the South African tangle-veined flies (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with an annotated key to the genera and a checklist of species. Zootaxa, 1277 (1), 39 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1277.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Barraclough, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although an array of African specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A0278410221CFD77FCB9" authorityName="Wandolleck" authorityYear="1897" box="[614,724,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A0278410221CFD77FCB9" box="[614,724,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was examined by one of us (DB), representative taxa from the remainder of the genus’s range were not examined. However, several publications (and associated illustrations) on the extralimital fauna were examined in detail (all cited elsewhere in this text). Based on this analysis,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02783642264FAD7FC00" authority="Barraclough & Colville, 2022" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[1298,1396,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02783642264FAD7FC00" box="[1298,1396,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">A. irwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027830D2264FF6BFC25" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFD9A027830D2264FF6BFC25" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a striking new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF87868FFD9A02786B122ACFB6EFBB5" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
Unlike the African material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A027846F22ACFD24FC49" authorityName="Wandolleck" authorityYear="1897" box="[537,647,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027846F22ACFD24FC49" box="[537,647,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02784E222ACFD56FC48" authority="Barraclough & Colville, 2022" authorityName="Barraclough & Colville" authorityYear="2022" box="[660,757,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02784E222ACFD56FC48" box="[660,757,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">A. irwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027848C22ACFCF0FC49" bold="true" box="[762,851,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2001901FFD9A027848C22ACFCF0FC49" box="[762,851,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was collected from tropical rainforest. Given the importance of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FCC6CAFFD9A027873522D0FE0BFC6D" box="[323,424,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, it was not dissected. The terminalia are therefore not illustrated and the limited description is based on
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A027876922F4FEC5FB90" box="[287,358,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
appearance. Further entomological field surveys in Madagascar’s forested habitats may reveal additional species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02787F22518FE51FBB5" authorityName="Wandolleck" authorityYear="1897" box="[388,498,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" genus="Atriadops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02787F22518FE51FBB5" box="[388,498,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">Atriadops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a richer endemic fauna of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4703EBFFD9A02785382518FB6AFBB5" authority="(Glaw et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Glaw" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[846,1225,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Nemestrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Nemestrinidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD60599FFD9A02782762518FB61FBB5" author="Glaw, F. & Hawlitschek, O. & Dunz, A. & Goldberg, J. & Bradler, S." box="[1024,1218,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="149" refId="ref3548" refString="Glaw, F., Hawlitschek, O., Dunz, A., Goldberg, J. & Bradler, S. (2019) When giant stick insects play with colors: Molecular phylogeny of the Achriopterini and description of two new splendid species (Phasmatodea: Achrioptera) from Madagascar. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2019.00105" type="book" year="2019">
|
||
Glaw
|
||
<emphasis id="B933A47AFFD9A02782302518FBDDFBB5" box="[1094,1150,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="149">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |