318 lines
31 KiB
XML
318 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="F4492C112F29B0F12CBACAE1E3794669" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efb4281f-a3cb-44f7-857e-75432dce8562" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199882" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460347854172" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Constantino, Luis Miguel & Salazar, Julian A." docDate="2010" docId="03CF8A540046FFD590FEFCF1FAD41253" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02720p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2720" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Philaethria wernickei Rober 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFF6F22C004FFFDF9069FF93FFC61337" masterDocTitle="A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698265939421" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1FC10A07D511193AD656443DF872C279">
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<mods:title id="30439E243E414A7DF7AA16A14C134A5B">A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E0F37D7819293B9E40ECC2D6935B5056">Constantino, Luis Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FAE5252C6DBA580EF8277891B23DC115">Salazar, Julian A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F8839B480FBD8DAF941C8BF7BB4639B1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="68FA24285B40853D2E4A68F463EFF1B1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="464B1981BDE49CB2796E824F6EA82BD8">
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<mods:date id="38899308D1004CF33035C6AC83F3F94A">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="14917BF1BE942E379CA8F3019470C207" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="851F0EA98AF695D36F079E21CF6BB0A0">2720</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="526BB4C50D6D1BB7FB9391AD6F144C10">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9B00FE65247F9EF52F6306F3DFEA6417">27</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="EC9AA841C1C9C9E5F71D455BE9486F5D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199882</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="17513B13C713978A99526746A74EA305" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="72B27DB7030EC9A0A2BEFB0441D65E9E" type="Zenodo-Dep">199882</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CF8A540046FFD590FEFCF1FAD41253" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211179" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF8A540046FFD590FEFCF1FAD41253" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF8A540046FFD590FEFCF1FAD41253" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD690FEFCF1FDDC10CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFCF1FD8D104B" blockId="9.[151,587,866,925]" box="[151,587,866,892]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="D0918C2E0046FFD690FEFCF1FD8D104B" bold="true" box="[151,587,866,892]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD690FEFCF1FD8D104B" ID-CoL="9C2W6" authority="Rober, 1906" authorityName="Rober" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,587,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernickei">
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||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690FEFCF1FD8D104B" bold="true" box="[151,587,866,892]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690FEFCF1FE5A104B" bold="true" box="[151,412,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Philaethria wernickei</emphasis>
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(Röber, 1906)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFC16FF3E10AA" blockId="9.[151,587,866,925]" box="[151,248,901,925]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135D27C70046FFD690F6FC16FF3710AA" box="[159,241,901,925]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 - 11. 2. P" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1884,1908]" captionTargetBox="[187,1378,214,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[185,1379,194,1848]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 2 - 11. 2. P. dido dido 3 Rio Amazonas, Colombia, 3. P. dido chocoensis 3 Rio Anchicayá, W. Colombia, 4. P. dido dido 3 Bajo Rio Caura, Bolivar, Venezuela, 5. P. dido panamensis, ssp. nov., 3 Holotype. Pácora, Chiriquí, Panama, 6. P. diatonica 3 ACG Guanacaste, Costa Rica, 7. P. diatonica Ƥ Metates, Oaxaca, Mexico, 8. P. constantinoi 3 Chocó, W. Colombia, 9. P. constantinoi Ƥ Chocó, W. Colombia, 10. P. wernickei 3 S ao Paulo, Brazil, 11. P. pygmalion pygmalion 3 Araracuara, Amazonas, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199884/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFC5BFEAC10EA" blockId="9.[151,538,968,1021]" box="[151,362,968,990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Societas ent. 20: 177</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFC74FDDC10CB" blockId="9.[151,538,968,1021]" box="[151,538,998,1021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD690C2FC74FDDC10CB" authority="Rober, 1906" authorityName="Rober" authorityYear="1906" box="[171,538,998,1021]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Metamorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernickei">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690C2FC74FE5110CA" box="[171,407,999,1021]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metamorpha wernickei</emphasis>
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Röber, 1906
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD690FEFBB4FC7F1755" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFBB4FCD41709" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" box="[151,786,1062,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690FEFBB4FEF31708" bold="true" box="[151,309,1062,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<typeStatus id="54DD85E00046FFD690FEFBB4FF141708" box="[151,210,1063,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina,
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<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD692A4FBB5FCD41709" box="[717,786,1062,1086]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690FEFBD9FC7F1755" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" box="[151,953,1098,1123]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Illustrated in D' Abrera, B. Butt. Neotrop. Reg., 2: 290 (1984) (
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<collectionCode id="ED77A3870046FFD69333FBD9FC771755" box="[858,945,1098,1122]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD690ACFBFDFA9D1669" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACFBFDFA9D1669" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACFBFDFEF917B0" bold="true" box="[197,319,1134,1159]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Forewing length
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<quantity id="4C9E96A70046FFD69265FBFDFD4E17B1" box="[524,648,1134,1158]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="46.0" valueMax="47.0" valueMin="45.0">45–47 mm</quantity>
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in males and
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<quantity id="4C9E96A70046FFD69345FBFDFC6E17B1" box="[812,936,1134,1158]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="47.0">47–49 mm</quantity>
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in females.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD6945EFBE3FB0417B1" box="[1079,1218,1134,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Metamorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernickei">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD6945EFBE3FB0417B1" box="[1079,1218,1134,1159]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. wernickei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily separated from the other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD691DAFB00FDF5179C" box="[435,563,1171,1195]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD691DAFB00FDF5179C" box="[435,563,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Philaethria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the dark brown inner postdiscal band and the bone white medial postdiscal band on the ventral surface of the hind wing which is as wide as the inner postdiscal band (very reduced in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD695EEFB2BFECB17C4" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmalion">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD695EEFB2BFECB17C4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. pygmalion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). HW submarginal cellular spots diffuse and continuous. Postmedial, medial and discal area on the ventral surface of both wings dark green in coloration (yellow-green in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD693B2FA93FBED1621" box="[987,1067,1278,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD693B2FA93FBED1621" box="[987,1067,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. dido</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Postcellular spots on the hind wings large. Subapical spot on FW large and round.
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69283FAB1FB9C160C" bold="true" box="[746,1114,1314,1339]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Haploid chromosome number:</emphasis>
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n=29 for material examined from E.
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<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD6909AFAD5FEFE1669" box="[243,312,1350,1374]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Sao Paulo, Campinas (Suoamalainen &
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30046FFD694D6FAD4FA951669" author="Brown" box="[1215,1363,1350,1374]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Suomalainen, E & Brown, K. S. (1984) Chromosome number variation within Philaethria butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae). Chromosoma, 90, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1984">Brown, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD690ACFAF8FD491525" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACFAF8FD491525" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACFAF8FE2016B4" bold="true" box="[197,486,1386,1411]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="135D27C70046FFD691E9FAF9FE1E16B4" box="[384,472,1386,1411]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,269,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[283,1299,213,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[274,1316,194,1910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 41. Male genitalia, with aedeagus removed in lateral view. 32. P. diatonica. 33. P. dido 34. P. constantinoi. 35. P. wernickei. 36. P. pygmalion. 37. P. neildi. 38. P. andrei. 39. P. o s t a r a. 40. P. browni. 41. P. romeroi. Scale line 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199889/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
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):
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</emphasis>
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As illustrated. Saccus short and straight, slightly curved at the end, vinculum stout, slightly curved and swollen, tegumen rounded distally without setae; uncus long, curved dorsally, tapering gradually to pointed tip; gnathos long and curved distally; valvae with a long basal hook curved forward, reaching the medial area of the uncus; valvae with a swollen arm with a round head armed with microspines; aedeagus long and straight, tapering gadually to pointed tip.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD690ACF98DFC671490" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACF98DFB75156D" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACF98DFE331500" bold="true" box="[197,501,1566,1591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69197F9B3FD4C1501" box="[510,650,1566,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Metamorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernickei">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69197F9B3FD4C1501" box="[510,650,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. wernickei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs along the eastern coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD69470F98DFB9B1501" box="[1049,1117,1566,1590]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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from Rio Grande do Norte south into
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<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD69164F9D0FEA9156C" box="[269,367,1603,1627]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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and Northern
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<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD6927BF9D1FD43156D" box="[530,645,1602,1626]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD692E6F9D0FCD6156C" box="[655,784,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Metamorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernickei">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD692E6F9D0FCD6156C" box="[655,784,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P.wernickei</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
flies sympatrically with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD6944EF9D7FB6B156C" box="[1063,1197,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dido" subSpecies="dido">
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<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD6944EF9D7FB6B156C" box="[1063,1197,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. dido dido</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACF9F4FBA715F1" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACF9F4FE951548" bold="true" box="[197,339,1639,1663]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Host plants</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69101F9F5FEC41594" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69101F9F5FD8B1549" box="[360,589,1638,1662]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caerulea">Passiflora caerulea</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69237F9FBFD111549" box="[606,727,1638,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegans">P. elegans</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69280F9FBFCAA1549" box="[745,876,1639,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mansoni">P. mansoni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69314F9FBFBDF1548" box="[893,1049,1640,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mucronata">P. mucronata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69442F9FBFB151549" box="[1067,1235,1638,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhamnifolia">P. rhamnifolia</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD6948DF9FBFAB01549" box="[1252,1398,1638,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sidaefolia">P. sidaefolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD695E1F9FBFF381594" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suberosa">P. suberosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69163F91FFDE81595" box="[266,558,1674,1699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="actinia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69163F91FFEB21594" box="[266,372,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. actinia</emphasis>
|
||
(Passifloraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brown & Mielke, 1972; Benson
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD693DAF91FFC221594" box="[947,996,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30046FFD69428F918FB1E1595" author="Brown" box="[1089,1240,1674,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Brown, K. S., Emmel, T. C., Eliazar, P. J. & Suomalainen, E. (1992) Evolutionary patterns in chromosome numbers in neotropical Lepidoptera. I. Chromosomes of the Heliconiini. Hereditas, 117, 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="1992">Brown, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30046FFD6948DF919FF1715F1" author="Beccaloni" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Beccaloni, G. W., Viloria, A. L., Hall, S. K., & Robinson, G. S. (2008) A catalog of the hostplants of the Neotropical butterflies. The Natural History Museum. Monografias Tercer Milenio, Zaragoza. 536 p." type="book" year="2008">
|
||
Beccaloni
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69535F91FFA5A1594" box="[1372,1436,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD69095F93DFE8215F1" box="[252,324,1710,1734]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69127F923FDDE15F1" box="[334,536,1710,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69127F923FDDE15F1" box="[334,536,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69227F923FD0A15F1" box="[590,716,1710,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caerulea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69227F923FD0A15F1" box="[590,716,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. caerulea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD69299F93CFC9415F0" box="[752,850,1711,1735]" name="Uruguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Biezanko
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD693BAF923FBC215F1" box="[979,1028,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1974).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACF941FC671490" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACF941FE6315DB" bold="true" box="[197,421,1746,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Immature stages:</emphasis>
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30046FFD69237F941FC4815DB" author="Barao" box="[606,910,1746,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Barao, K. & Moreira, G. R. (2010) External morphology of the immature stages of Neotropical heliconians: VIII. Philaethria wernickei (Rober) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 54 (3): 406 - 418." type="journal article" year="2010">Barao & Moreira (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
egg yellow, 1.2 mm high and 1.3 mm in diameter, with 19 to 22 vertical and 10 horizontal ridges (
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69357F96BFC4D1426" box="[830,907,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. d i d o</emphasis>
|
||
has 22/12 ridges), laid singly on tendrils and stipules. Mature larva - body yellow-green with black markings on dorsum and sides; Scoli large and black (orange with black tips in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD691B9F8D0FDE4146B" box="[464,546,1859,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD691B9F8D0FDE4146B" box="[464,546,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. dido</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); head capsule yellowish brown (beige in
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69474F8D0FBAD146B" box="[1053,1131,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. d i d o</emphasis>
|
||
and red in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10046FFD69491F8D0FA54146B" box="[1272,1426,1859,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmalion">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69491F8D0FA54146B" box="[1272,1426,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. pygmalion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and head scoli black. Pupa - mottled brown and gray covered with warts; abdomen and thorax have 3 keels. Pairs of golden spots are present on the prothorax and metathorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90046FFD590ACF821FAD41253" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD93B420046FFD690ACF821FA5A14D9" blockId="9.[151,1437,1062,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD690ACF821FDEA14FC" bold="true" box="[197,556,1970,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD691DEF821FDE114FC" box="[439,551,1970,1995]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870046FFD6925DF821FDAA14FD" box="[564,620,1970,1994]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2pta-s8y1" name="Sammlung Oberli" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SAO</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870046FFD6921DF821FD1214FD" box="[628,724,1970,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">PAULO</collectionCode>
|
||
: Campinas, K.S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69385F820FBD314FC" box="[1004,1045,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD6944FF821FBA714FD" box="[1062,1121,1970,1994]" name="Kosovo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Sao Miguel Arcanjo, K.S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD69082F845FED514D9" box="[235,275,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD6914DF845FE9914D9" box="[292,351,2006,2030]" name="Kosovo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Praia de Pereque, K.S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500046FFD692A4F845FD2914D9" box="[717,751,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20046FFD6936EF845FC8414D9" box="[775,834,2006,2030]" name="Kosovo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
), (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30046FFD69337F845FB6814D9" author="Suomalainen" box="[862,1198,2006,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Suomalainen, E & Brown, K. S. (1984) Chromosome number variation within Philaethria butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae). Chromosoma, 90, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1984">Suomalainen & Brown, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Campinas, A. V. L.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD93B420045FFD590FEFF04FAD41253" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Freitas
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD59083FF0BFED51387" box="[234,275,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(UEC). RIO
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD591C0FF0BFE081398" box="[425,462,152,175]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
JANEIRO: Río de Janeiro, K. S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD593FEFF0BFC7F1387" box="[919,953,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg</emphasis>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD593A6FF04FBCC1398" box="[975,1034,151,175]" name="Kosovo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Macaé, K. S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD5956EFF0BFAF71387" box="[1287,1329,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD59529FF04FABA1398" box="[1344,1404,151,175]" name="Kosovo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0045FFD595E7FF04FF1613E3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, PARANA: Morretes, Alto da Serra,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E96A70045FFD5921FFF2FFD7913E3" box="[630,703,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81D820045FFD592A5FF2FFC8E13E3" box="[716,840,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2001-02-22">22-II-2001</date>
|
||
, G. Lamas
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD593AFFF2FFC2E13E3" box="[966,1000,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. (MHNUSM),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0045FFD594FFFF2FFB3D13E3" box="[1174,1275,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, Curitiba,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E96A70045FFD5951BFF2FFF6913C0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81D820045FFD590D5FF4CFEEF13C0" box="[188,297,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1983-02-01">1-II-1983</date>
|
||
, O. Mielke
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD591D8FF73FE1D13CF" box="[433,475,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(MHNUSM).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD592EAFF4CFD1813C0" box="[643,734,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SANTA</collectionCode>
|
||
CATARINA: Sao Beno do Sul, Rio
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD594E8FF4CFB0613C0" box="[1153,1216,223,247]" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Natal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E96A70045FFD594A4FF4CFAC913C0" box="[1229,1295,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="550.0">550m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81D820045FFD59575FF4CFA5E13C0" box="[1308,1432,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1980-02-23">23-II-1980</date>
|
||
, G. La m a s
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD59163FE97FEF5122B" box="[266,307,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(MHNUSM). ESPIRITO
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD59237FE97FD79122B" box="[606,703,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SANTO</collectionCode>
|
||
: Linhares, K. S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD593BAFE97FC33122B" box="[979,1013,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD59464FE97FB8F122B" box="[1037,1097,260,284]" name="Kosovo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD59434FE97FB71122B" box="[1117,1207,260,284]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MINAS</collectionCode>
|
||
GERAIS: Paracatu, K. S. Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD59141FEBBFE8C1277" box="[296,330,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD59136FEB4FE5E1208" box="[351,408,295,319]" name="Kosovo" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">KSB</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF746B30045FFD591C7FEB4FD3C1208" author="Suomalainen" box="[430,762,295,319]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Suomalainen, E & Brown, K. S. (1984) Chromosome number variation within Philaethria butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae). Chromosoma, 90, 170 - 176." type="journal article" year="1984">Suomalainen & Brown, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD59364FEB4FC661277" bold="true" box="[781,928,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD59364FEB4FC5D1277" box="[781,923,295,320]" name="Uruguay" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">URUGUAY</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD593CFFEB4FBA91208" box="[934,1135,295,319]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">CERRO LARGO</collectionCode>
|
||
: nr. Melo,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E96A70045FFD5948DFEB4FAEB1208" box="[1252,1325,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
, C. Arzua
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD590FEFEDFFF061253" box="[151,192,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD590A6FEDFFEF61253" box="[207,304,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MNKM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD5912BFED8FE301253" bold="true" box="[322,502,331,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20045FFD5912BFED8FE371253" box="[322,497,331,356]" name="Argentina" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
MISIONES: Rio Paraná, nr El Dorado,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E96A70045FFD593D0FEDFFBC41253" box="[953,1026,332,356]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
, C. Arzua
|
||
<emphasis id="B912E7500045FFD59412FEDFFB5B1253" box="[1147,1181,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">leg</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870045FFD594DAFEDFFACC1253" box="[1203,1290,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |