288 lines
33 KiB
XML
288 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="C3AF95A958F07F83B5E5F0045ACE473C" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4154.3.7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4154.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9ae4b92-e838-4fe3-88a6-745043097374" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="262622" ID-ZooBank="5C4DC60C-43CD-41E9-86E9-AA51AB93E8DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1471850886516" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mcelrath, Thomas C., Androw, Robert A. & Mchugh, Joseph V." docDate="2016" docId="03A5A8239624FF9EFF09FC44FA6FFE32" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4154.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4154 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Antibothrus morimotoi Sasaji 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="328" masterDocId="FF9CD05B9626FF9BFF9EFFFEFFEBFFB5" masterDocTitle="Antibothrus morimotoi Sasaji, an Old World cocoon-forming beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea: Bothrideridae) newly established in North America" masterLastPageNumber="330" masterPageNumber="323" pageNumber="325" updateTime="1698382260455" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="23020D66A7ACB78C41F7C25EB4A7954F">
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<mods:title id="C62674F268C847D7E9631C798F9AE710">Antibothrus morimotoi Sasaji, an Old World cocoon-forming beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea: Bothrideridae) newly established in North America</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2B06C763BD0A4B56D07BA9FB5CD22ADC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="71281A58E42CD80B285687A45E43F563">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="56FA9F93E3339B679E2345BA109C80D0">Mcelrath, Thomas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F5DADC60F0EA69DA4567E9ED9A699CF7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DE76BA6656D54EDB3F6CCCB481746365">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2E4C5ED532FE5BC86665D8EAB443528C">Androw, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="346FD181678D3C6D8EF30DF366E8B8F7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F8D70C7D353594A53DB14C1D98447313">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="768F8BFEEFA1C27FD4F893505EC3497E">Mchugh, Joseph V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="00D44F5B741507E7F66AC013B65558C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7C60934800FB445A2A0D8D7A0E749925">
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<mods:date id="62D8A0380979E95D2CB61BF5E5851CAD">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A9CE85BBB612CF3E3D41D79DDEA5262C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CCF825AE4EB88B2146C821D9A991981A">4154</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8CEA9885D06C5E98F9D7245D78E5EFDE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4154.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="007AB657D414B1BE571EAA1950429A61" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A5A8239624FF9EFF09FC44FA6FFE32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6075182" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124407527" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6075182" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A5A8239624FF9EFF09FC44FA6FFE32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A5A8239624FF9EFF09FC44FA6FFE32" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<subSubSection id="C3164ABE9624FF99FF09FC44FEECFC43" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF09FC44FDAAFC61" blockId="2.[151,577,954,1014]" box="[151,577,954,980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<heading id="D0FBAE599624FF99FF09FC44FDAAFC61" bold="true" box="[151,577,954,980]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FF09FC44FDAAFC61" authority="Sasaji 1997" authorityName="Sasaji" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,577,954,980]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF09FC44FDAAFC61" bold="true" box="[151,577,954,980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF09FC44FE47FC61" bold="true" box="[151,428,954,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Antibothrus morimotoi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49624FF99FE2AFC44FDAAFC61" author="Sasaji" box="[436,577,954,980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" refString="Sasaji, H. (1997) A new species of the genus Antibothrus (Coleoptera, Bothrideridae) from Japan, with notes on the Japanese Bothriderinae. Esakia, 37, 111 - 116." type="journal article" year="1997">Sasaji 1997</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF09FC23FEECFC43" blockId="2.[151,577,954,1014]" box="[151,263,989,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133705B09624FF99FF00FC23FF17FC43" box="[158,252,989,1014]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1400,1422]" captionTargetBox="[281,1305,193,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[281,1305,193,1379]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antibothrus morimotoi (a) dorsal, (b) ventral, and (c) lateral habitus. Images by TC McElrath." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262623/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3164ABE9624FF99FF09FBDBFAACFA37" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF09FBDBFDF2FB33" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF09FBDBFE88FB8B" bold="true" box="[151,355,1061,1086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Species diagnosis</emphasis>
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. In the New World,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FDD5FBD8FD34FB88" box="[587,735,1062,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FDD5FBD8FD34FB88" box="[587,735,1062,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">A. morimotoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the only species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FC44FBDBFBB5FB88" box="[986,1118,1061,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FC44FBDBFBB5FB88" box="[986,1118,1061,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Antibothrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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currently established. Thus, the generic level diagnostic characters are sufficient to distinguish it from all other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FB37FBB7FAA8FBD7" box="[1193,1347,1097,1122]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bothrideridae</taxonomicName>
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that are known to occur in North America.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF59FB6FFB9CFAEB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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When compared with similar species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FD11FB6FFCF8FB1C" box="[655,787,1169,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FD11FB6FFCF8FB1C" box="[655,787,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Antibothrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its native range,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FC6BFB6CFB61FB1C" box="[1013,1162,1170,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FC6BFB6CFB61FB1C" box="[1013,1162,1170,1193]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">A. morimotoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the peculiar form of the basal two antennal segments (scape with stout spine protruding asymmetrically; pedicel wider than following segment, inserted asymmetrically into scape); penultimate antennal segment much wider than terminal segment [of similar width in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FDD8FB00FC90FAA3" authority="Nikitsky 1985a" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityYear="1985" box="[582,891,1277,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fatalis">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FDD8FB00FD46FAA0" box="[582,685,1277,1301]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">A. fatalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49624FF99FD23FB03FC99FAA3" author="Nikitsky" box="[701,882,1277,1302]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. (1985 a) The cylindrical bark beetles (Col., Colydiidae) and Cerylonidae of the Soviet Far East. Archives of the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, 23, 3 - 25." type="journal article" year="1985" yearSuffix="a">Nikitsky 1985a</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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]; eyes prominent laterally; pronotal longitudinal furrow barely impressed; lateral edges of pronotum rounded, not carinate; sub-interval carinae of elytra shorter; and short stout setae on apex of elytra lacking [present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69624FF99FC83FAB8FB80FAEB" authority="Aoki (Aoki 2009)" authorityName="Aoki (Aoki" authorityYear="2009" box="[797,1131,1349,1374]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FC83FAB8FC7DFAE8" box="[797,918,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">A. hirsutus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49624FF99FC03FABBFB80FAEB" box="[925,1131,1349,1374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" refString="Aoki, J. (2009) A new species of the genus Antibothrus (Coleoptera, Bothrideridae) from the Amami Islands of Japan. Elytra, Tokyo, 37, 291 - 295." type="journal article">Aoki (Aoki 2009)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF59FA97FAACFA37" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" box="[199,1351,1385,1410]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF59FA97FE28FA37" bold="true" box="[199,451,1385,1410]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Species redescription</emphasis>
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(modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49624FF99FDE3FA97FCE9FA37" author="Sasaji" box="[637,770,1385,1410]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" refString="Sasaji, H. (1997) A new species of the genus Antibothrus (Coleoptera, Bothrideridae) from Japan, with notes on the Japanese Bothriderinae. Esakia, 37, 111 - 116." type="journal article" year="1997">Sasaji 1997</bibRefCitation>
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, additional terminology from Lawrence
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FB58FA94FB14FA34" box="[1222,1279,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">et al.</emphasis>
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2010)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3164ABE9624FF9FFF59FA73FDA9FE3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="327" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF59FA73FBC2FA7F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF59FA73FEE2FA10" box="[199,265,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Body:</emphasis>
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somewhat cylindrical-flat, about 3.1× as long as wide, nearly parallel-sided. Uniformly reddish brown or yellowish brown, without any dark or light markings. Surface almost glabrous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF59FA2BFC95F95F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF59FA2BFEEFFA58" box="[199,260,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Head</emphasis>
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: Relatively large, wider than long in dorsal aspect. Eyes strongly prominent laterally and glabrous. Frons finely and sparsely punctate. Fronto-clypeal suture distinct. Clypeus wider than long, with visible setae near apex. Antenna clearly 11-segmented. Scape (A1) stout, mostly glabrous with small setal fringe preceding A2 insertion, with acute subbasal spine on outer edge, spine with associated longer seta; pedicel (A2) much smaller than A1 but strongly widened (measured perpendicularly to A1 insertion), inserted asymmetrically on A1 outer lateral edge; A3 subcylindrical, slightly longer than wide; A4–9 each wider than long; A10 strongly widening apically, about twice as wide as long; terminal antennomere (A11) transverse oval, much wider than long, with narrow stem, about 2/3 size of A10. Genal processes expanded into acute points ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359624FF99FF59F90BFBA2F874" blockId="2.[151,1437,1061,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279624FF99FF59F90BFEA9F8B8" box="[199,322,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="325">Prothorax:</emphasis>
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Nearly as long as wide, hexagonal, with weakly angulate sides. Surface of pronotal disc roughly sculptured by large (
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<quantity id="4CF4B4D09624FF99FEE4F8E4FDEEF887" box="[378,517,1818,1842]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.2 mm</quantity>
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), irregular, elongate-oval punctures, each with a single minute, short seta. Pronotal base with a pair of weak and very short admedian elevations bordered laterally by weak depressions and mesally with an additional weak median depression. Lateral pronotal carina weakly present basally, nearly obliterated anteriorly. Prosternal process very narrow, and weakly widening posteriorly with a subtruncate apex, and nearly as long as basisternal length. Postcoxal process of prothoracic hypomeron very narrow.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF7349BD9625FF98FF09FA86FB3BFA3B" box="[151,1232,1400,1422]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262623/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="326" targetBox="[281,1305,193,1378]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8BB319359625FF98FF09FA86FB3BFA3B" blockId="3.[151,1232,1400,1422]" box="[151,1232,1400,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279625FF98FF09FA86FEE6FA38" bold="true" box="[151,269,1400,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69625FF98FE87FA86FDEAFA3B" box="[281,513,1400,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279625FF98FE87FA86FDEAFA3B" box="[281,513,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">Antibothrus morimotoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(a) dorsal, (b) ventral, and (c) lateral habitus. Images by TC McElrath.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359625FF98FF59FA48FAB8F937" blockId="3.[151,1436,1461,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279625FF98FF59FA48FEA6FA7B" box="[199,333,1462,1486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">Pterothorax</emphasis>
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: Scutellar shield small, wider than long. Mesocoxal cavities closed externally, separated by ~1/2 width of mesocoxal cavity, subcircular. Mesoventrite trapezoidal, roughly punctured, nearly as long as mesocoxal cavity (not including mesoventral process); mesoventral process with gradual elevation anteromedially, reaching level of metaventrite; mesanepisternum distinctly separated from mesoventrite, roughly punctured, subtriangular in lateral view. Meso-metaventral junction straight. Metaventrite longer than first abdominal ventrite, coarsely and more densely punctured, with some minute setation. Metanepisternum long, thin, not expanded, impunctate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359625FF98FF59F970FDAFF883" blockId="3.[151,1436,1461,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279625FF98FF59F970FEE6F913" box="[199,269,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">Elytra</emphasis>
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: Anteriorly wider than prothorax, widest in anterior third; almost parallel-sided with a short rounded apex. Disc of elytron with three distinct longitudinal carinae, reaching almost to elytral apex; suture also carinate; each of three intervals with a weak longitudinal carina at anterior half or anterior two-thirds. Surface of interstices between carinae very weakly, sparsely punctate, mostly smooth; nearly glabrous, except for minute, sparse setae only visible under high magnification.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB319359625FF98FF59F8BCFD30F85F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1461,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B978C5279625FF98FF59F8BCFEDAF8EF" box="[199,305,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Intercoxal process broad, flat, truncate. Ventrite one (
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<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FC0AF8BCFC5DF8EF" box="[916,950,1858,1882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V1</date>
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) longest, about 2–3× as long as each of the remaining ventrites (
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<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FE1CF89BFE2EF8CB" box="[386,453,1893,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V2–5</date>
|
||
). All ventrites somewhat coarsely, densely punctured.
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FBAFF898FBBFF8CB" box="[1073,1108,1894,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V1</date>
|
||
mostly flat, curving towards dorsum laterally.
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FEFFF874FE71F817" box="[353,410,1930,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V2-4</date>
|
||
subequal in length.
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FD13F874FD20F817" box="[653,715,1930,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V2–4</date>
|
||
each with median posterior margin with ridge-like expansion away from body, especially
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FE4CF850FE1CF873" box="[466,503,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V4</date>
|
||
, so that the posterior edges of
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FCD2F850FC61F873" box="[844,906,1966,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V2–4</date>
|
||
project more strongly ventrad than the anterior edges.
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FF7AF82CFEECF85E" box="[228,263,2002,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V5</date>
|
||
mostly flattened, slightly longer than
|
||
<date id="FFB23FF59625FF98FD2CF82CFD30F85F" box="[690,731,2002,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="326">V4.</date>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359622FF9FFF59FF67FD1BFE8A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFF59FF67FF17FF05" box="[199,252,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Tarsal formula 4-4-4, basal and terminal tarsomeres longest. Tibial spur formula 1-2-2. Protibia with sharp terminal outward extension forming spine and several small but distinct denticles along outer edge; protibia with one long (nearly reaching apex of first tarsomere), slender, socketed, darkened, apically curved tibial spur. Meso- and metatibia each with a sharp terminal outward extension forming spine and two subequal, straight tibial spurs, each shorter and less robust than protibial spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359622FF9FFF59FEB2FDA9FE3D" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFF59FEB2FEA4FED1" box="[199,335,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Body length</emphasis>
|
||
: 2.00–
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09622FF9FFE00FEB2FDE8FED1" box="[414,515,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="2.35">2.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
(avg.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09622FF9FFDD2FEB2FD58FED1" box="[588,691,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="2.17">2.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09622FF9FFC93FEB2FC8FFED1" box="[781,868,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in native range); width:
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09622FF9FFBE0FEB2FAC9FED1" box="[1150,1314,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
(avg.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09622FF9FFAF5FEB2FF2FFE3D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8999999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" unit="mm" value="0.69">0.69 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (n = 20, all specimens included).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3164ABE9622FF9FFF59FE6AFF5EFE65" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359622FF9FFF59FE6AFF5EFE65" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFF59FE6AFE8BFE18" bold="true" box="[199,352,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31B59A59622FF9FFEF7FE6AFE55FE19" box="[361,446,404,428]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Honshu:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C8D7D79622FF9FFDA8FE6AFD90FE18" box="[566,635,404,429]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C8D7D79622FF9FFD19FE6AFD5CFE18" box="[647,695,404,429]" country="Japan" name="Mie" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Mie</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C8D7D79622FF9FFD5AFE6BFD11FE19" box="[708,762,405,428]" country="Japan" name="Nara" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Nara</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C8D7D79622FF9FFCAAFE6AFC6EFE19" box="[820,901,404,428]" country="Japan" name="Hyogo" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Hyôgo</collectingRegion>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31B59A59622FF9FFC07FE6BFB80FE19" box="[921,1131,404,428]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C8D7D79622FF9FFBE2FE6AFB52FE18" box="[1148,1209,404,429]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Franklin Co.) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133705B09622FF9FFAF1FE6AFF43FE65" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1777,1799]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,517,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[150,1436,517,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map of Antibothrus morimotoi specimen collecting events reported in this work. Yellow and red pins are 2013 and 2015 collection points, respectively. Image created with GoogleEarth ™ version 7.1. 5.1557. Interactive KML file available: “ https: // archive. org / download / Antibothrus / Antibothrus. kml ”" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262624/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7349BD9622FF9FFF09F90FFD14F8F0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262624/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" targetBox="[150,1435,517,1756]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359622FF9FFF09F90FFD14F8F0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1777,1861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFF09F90FFEE7F8B3" bold="true" box="[151,268,1777,1799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFEF6F90FFDA4F8B2" box="[360,591,1777,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFEF6F90FFDA4F8B2" box="[360,591,1777,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Antibothrus morimotoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen collecting events reported in this work. Yellow and red pins are 2013 and 2015 collection points, respectively. Image created with GoogleEarth™ version 7.1.5.1557. Interactive KML file available: “https://archive.org/download/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFE57F8D1FDAEF8F0" box="[457,581,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="330" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antibothrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFDD3F8D1FD22F8F0" box="[589,713,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="330" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Antibothrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.kml”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3164ABE9622FF9EFF59F88FFA6FFE32" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359622FF9EFF59F88FFBF5FF42" blockId="4.[151,1436,1905,2038]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="328" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFF59F88FFECCF83F" bold="true" box="[199,295,1905,1930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFEAFF88CFDEDF83F" box="[305,518,1906,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fatalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFEAFF88CFDEDF83F" box="[305,518,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Antibothrus fatalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is associated with burrows of the scolytine genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFBC9F88CFA73F83F" authority="Nikitsky 1985a" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityYear="1985" box="[1111,1432,1905,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFBC9F88CFB23F83F" box="[1111,1224,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Xyleborus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49622FF9FFB44F88FFA7BF83F" author="Nikitsky" box="[1242,1424,1905,1930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. (1985 a) The cylindrical bark beetles (Col., Colydiidae) and Cerylonidae of the Soviet Far East. Archives of the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, 23, 3 - 25." type="journal article" year="1985" yearSuffix="a">Nikitsky 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFED4F86BFE25F818" box="[330,462,1941,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFED4F86BFE25F818" box="[330,462,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Antibothrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected beneath the bark of trees:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFC74F86BFB0EF818" box="[1002,1253,1941,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ichihashii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFC74F86BFB0EF818" box="[1002,1253,1941,1965]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Antibothrus ichihashii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFA8DF868FE2EF867" authority="Narukawa 2002" authorityName="Narukawa" authorityYear="2002" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFA8DF868FF13F867" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">Castanopsis sieboldii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D64C49622FF9FFE98F847FE56F867" author="Narukawa" box="[262,445,1977,2002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" refString="Narukawa, N. (2002) A new species of the genus Antibothrus (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) from Japan. Entomological Review of Japan, 57, 123 - 126." type="journal article" year="2002">Narukawa 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFE62F844FD9EF867" box="[508,629,1978,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFE62F844FD9EF867" box="[508,629,1978,2002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">A. hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on an unidentified tree. The specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69622FF9FFBC6F844FB06F864" box="[1112,1261,1978,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="327" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279622FF9FFBC6F844FB06F864" box="[1112,1261,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="327">A. morimotoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in North America were all collected by Lindgren funnel traps baited with various bark beetle attractants, such as alphapinene,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69623FF9EFF6EFF66FE35FF1A" box="[240,478,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Platypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercivorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279623FF9EFF6EFF66FE35FF1A" box="[240,478,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Platypus quercivorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69623FF9EFD9AFF66FD49FF05" box="[516,674,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Megaplatypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279623FF9EFD9AFF66FD49FF05" box="[516,674,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Megaplatypus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lure, and ethanol. Considering that most members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69623FF9EFA9CFF69FA77FF05" box="[1282,1436,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Bothrideridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are ectoparasites of wood-boring insect larvae, the capture of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69623FF9EFCC8FF42FC07FF61" box="[854,1004,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Bothrideridae" genus="Antibothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morimotoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279623FF9EFCC8FF42FC07FF61" box="[854,1004,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">A. morimotoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in these baited traps suggests that the species is ectoparasitic on larvae of bark beetles, perhaps a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C62B69623FF9EFC38FF1EFBFCFF4D" box="[934,1047,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B978C5279623FF9EFC38FF1EFBFCFF4D" box="[934,1047,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">Xyleborus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB319359623FF9EFF59FEFAFA6FFE32" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="328">
|
||
Interestingly, the specimens collected in 2013 were slightly shorter (x̄=
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09623FF9EFC6CFEFAFBB3FEA9" box="[1010,1112,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.14" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="2.14">2.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 15) than those collected in 2015 (x̄=
|
||
<quantity id="4CF4B4D09623FF9EFEB5FED6FE7AFE8A" box="[299,401,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="5" pageNumber="328" unit="mm" value="2.27">2.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 5). While this difference is not statistically significant, it was readily visible and easily measurable. This may be due to changes in the host species utilized, or the health (and nutritional value) of the host species between the two years, or alternatively, to the number of individuals utilizing a single host larva or pupa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |