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<paragraph id="E109DB32981AFF9B0FAB414BFCD3F93C" blockId="20.[645,884,1643,1670]" box="[645,884,1643,1670]" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">
<heading id="BA416C5E981AFF9B0FAB414BFCD3F93C" box="[645,884,1643,1670]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="150" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981AFF9B0FAB414BFCD3F93C" ID-CoL="9CKSS" authority="Dana, 1846" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[645,884,1643,1670]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="20" pageNumber="150" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981AFF9B0FAB414BFCD3F93C" bold="true" box="[645,884,1643,1670]" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981AFF9B0FAB414BFD55F93F" bold="true" box="[645,754,1643,1670]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">Euphyllia</emphasis>
Dana, 1846
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<paragraph id="E109DB32981AFF9B0FAB41AFFCBFF913" blockId="20.[645,1219,1679,1810]" box="[645,792,1679,1706]" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">(figs. 1A–F, 8)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E109DB32981AFF9B0FAB4193FB22F974" blockId="20.[645,1219,1679,1810]" box="[645,1157,1715,1742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">
Synonyms:
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981AFF9B0E274193FB26F974" authority="Dana, 1846" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[777,1153,1715,1742]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="20" pageNumber="150" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Euphyllia">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981AFF9B0E274193FCD7F974" box="[777,880,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">Euphyllia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D3C20720981AFF9B0EAB4193FC4BF974" box="[901,1004,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">Euphyllia</emphasis>
) Dana, 1846
</taxonomicName>
;
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981AFF9B0FAB41F7FB26F948" authority="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime, 1848" authorityName="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" box="[645,1153,1751,1777]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Leptosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="20" pageNumber="150" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981AFF9B0FAB41F7FCA2F948" box="[645,773,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="150">Leptosmilia</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="51DED16F981AFF9B0E3C41F7FB26F948" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4411736303" box="[786,1153,1751,1777]" collectingDate="2023-08-29" collectionCode="PM" pageId="20" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1">Milne Edwards &amp; Haime, 1848</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Downloaded from Brill.com
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05:29:52PM via free access
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0DAF478BFE2BFF7C" ID-CoL="858b4fb5-a5a5-4a52-80de-a5bd9a5b74d5" authority="Reuss, 1868" authorityName="Reuss" authorityYear="1868" box="[129,396,171,198]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Plocophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DAF478BFEA1FF7C" box="[129,262,171,197]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Plocophyllia</emphasis>
Reuss, 1868
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0CB9478BFED5FF50" authority="Veron &amp; Pichon, 1980" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Euphyllia">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0CB9478BFE59FF7C" box="[407,510,171,197]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F20478BFDD2FF7C" box="[526,629,171,197]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0DAF47F0FED5FF50" author="Veron, J. E. N. &amp; Pichon, M." box="[129,370,207,234]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" refId="ref27292" refString="Veron, J. E. N. &amp; Pichon, M. (1980) Scleractinia of eastern Australia. Part iii. Families Agariciidae, Siderastreidae, Fungiidae, Oculinidae, Merulinidae, Mussidae, Pectiniidae, Caryophylliidae, Dendrophylliidae. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville." type="book" year="1980">Veron &amp; Pichon, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF9A0DAF47D4FE46FE27" blockId="21.[129,640,171,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<materialsCitation id="51DED16F981BFF9A0DAF47D4FE7AFE27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4411736301" collectorName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" country="Marshall Islands" location="Marshall Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Type species:
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0C7A47D3FE71FE88" authority="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821" authorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" authorityYear="1821" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Caryophyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0C7A47D3FD27FEB4" box="[340,640,243,269]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Caryophyllia glabrescens</emphasis>
Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="3E0D6590981BFF9A0CCB4637FDECFE88" box="[485,587,279,305]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: not traced (illustrated in
<collectorName id="4C43BEE4981BFF9A0C43461BFE7CFEEC" box="[365,475,315,341]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Chamisso</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="4C43BEE4981BFF9A0CD5461BFDDBFEEC" box="[507,636,315,341]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Eysenhardt</collectorName>
, 1821: plate xxxiii, figs. 1a, 1b); type locality: Ratak Chain (
<collectingCountry id="99A19BA2981BFF9A0C3946A3FE71FE27" box="[279,470,387,414]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF9A0DAF46EBFDEEFD04" blockId="21.[129,640,459,1778]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DAF46EBFEC7FE5C" box="[129,352,459,485]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Original description</emphasis>
: ‘Quite simple, or segregato-gemmate, rarely free: zoophytes hemispherical. Tentacles oblong, subequal. Coralla having the calices subturbinate, either circular or much compressed, sometimes meandering; lamellae nearly or quite entire; cell very narrow at bottom.’ (Dana, 1846: 157).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF9A0DB145E7FE39FAA7" blockId="21.[129,640,459,1778]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DB145E7FEACFD59" box="[159,267,711,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: Colonial. Budding intracalicular and extracalicular. Corallites monomorphic and discrete. Colonies phaceloid. Calice of relief high (&gt;
<quantity id="264E76D7981BFF9A0C624412FE29FCF5" box="[332,398,818,844]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
) and width large (&gt;
<quantity id="264E76D7981BFF9A0DAF4475FF6BFCC9" box="[129,204,853,880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
). Septa in Ẑ 4 cycles (Ẑ 48 septa). Free septa regular. Septa spacing wide (&gt; 11 septa per
<quantity id="264E76D7981BFF9A0D9A44BDFF50FC01" box="[180,247,925,952]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
). Costosepta unequal in relative thickness. Columellae reduced to inner septa margin processes, with size small relative to calice width (&lt;1/4), with linkage absent. Paliform lobes absent. Endotheca abundant (vesicular). Septal faces with shingles absent or small-sized. Bundles of td fibers typically perpendicular to septal faces or not well delineated. Closely spaced (zig-zag mid-septal zone) rads. Polyp tentacles fully extended at daytime, of shape simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF9A0DB14209FE67FA6B" blockId="21.[129,640,459,1778]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DB14209FEC4FAFB" box="[159,355,1320,1347]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Species included</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0CAC4208FDA6FADF" authority="(Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0CAC4208FD27FAFB" box="[386,640,1320,1346]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia glabrescens</emphasis>
(Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt, 1821)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F36426CFDDBFA33" authority="Turak, Devantier &amp; Erdman, 2012" authorityName="Turak, Devantier &amp; Erdman" authorityYear="2012" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="baliensis">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F36426CFF47FA33" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia baliensis</emphasis>
Turak, Devantier &amp; Erdman, 2012
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0DAF42B4FDA2FA17" authority="Chevalier, 1971" authorityName="Chevalier" authorityYear="1971" box="[129,517,1428,1454]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DAF42B4FEEDFA17" box="[129,330,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia cristata</emphasis>
Chevalier, 1971
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F3642B4FE1BFA6B" authority="Veron, 1990" authorityName="Veron" authorityYear="1990" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paraglabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F3642B4FE93FA6B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia paraglabrescens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0C174299FE1BFA6B" author="Veron, J. E. N." box="[313,444,1464,1491]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="95 - 173" refId="ref27467" refString="Veron, J. E. N. (1990) New Scleractinia from Japan and other Indo-West Pacific countries. Galaxea, 9, 95 - 173." type="journal article" year="1990">Veron, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF9A0DB142FDFCBAF9DB" blockId="21.[129,640,459,1778]" lastBlockId="21.[676,1219,171,1810]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DB142FDFEDEFA4F" box="[159,377,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Taxonomic remarks</emphasis>
: Dana (1846) originally introduced
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0C224120FED4F9A3" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[268,371,1536,1562]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0C224120FED4F9A3" box="[268,371,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to include a total of 13 species. For detailed explanations on the determination of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0C7F4168FE57F9DB" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[337,496,1608,1634]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0C7F4168FE57F9DB" box="[337,496,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. glabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the type species of the genus see
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0CA4414BFDF7F93F" author="Vaughan, T. W." box="[394,592,1643,1670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="49 - 234" refId="ref27202" refString="Vaughan, T. W. (1918) Some shoal-water corals from Murray Island (Australia), Cocos-Keeling Islands, and Fanning Island. Papers Dep. Mar. Biol. Carnegie Inst. Washington., 9, 49 - 234." type="journal article" year="1918">Vaughan (1918: 81)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0DAF41AFFEFEF913" author="Matthai, G." box="[129,345,1679,1706]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 288" refId="ref24574" refString="Matthai, G. (1928) A monograph of the recent meandroid Astraeidae. Catalogue of the Madreporarian Corals in the British Museum (Natural History), 7, 1 - 288." type="journal article" year="1928">Matthai (1928: 173)</bibRefCitation>
. As with other euphylliid genera,
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0DF44193FEE6F974" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[218,321,1715,1741]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0DF44193FEE6F974" box="[218,321,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been historically transferred to several families based on skeletal macromorphology (see table 1;
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0ED2478BFB05FF7C" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards Vaughan &amp; Wells Alloiteau (1952) Chevalier &amp; Veron" authorityYear="2000" box="[1020,1186,171,197]" class="Anthozoa" family="Edwardsiidae" genus="Milne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="133" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0ED2478BFB05FF7C" author="Milne Edwards, H. &amp; Haime J." box="[1020,1186,171,197]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" refId="ref24717" refString="Milne Edwards, H. &amp; Haime J. (1857) Histoire naturelle des coralliaires, ou polypes proprement dits. Tome second. Zoanthaires sclerodermes (Zoantharia Sclerodermata) ou madreporaires. Roret, Paris." type="book" year="1857">Milne Edwards</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Haime, 1857;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0E5747EFFB38FF50" author="Vaughan, T. W. &amp; Wells, J. W." box="[889,1183,207,233]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 345" refId="ref27247" refString="Vaughan, T. W. &amp; Wells, J. W. (1943) Revision of the suborders, families and genera of the Scleractinia. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 44, 1 - 345." type="journal article" year="1943">Vaughan &amp; Wells, 1943</bibRefCitation>
; Alloiteau, 1952;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0E7647D3FC70FEB7" author="Wells, J. W." box="[856,983,243,270]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="444" refId="ref27787" refString="Wells, J. W. (1956) Scleractinia. In: R. C. Moore (Ed.) Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part F: Coelenterata, pp. F 328 - F 444. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence." type="book chapter" year="1956">Wells, 1956</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0ECA47D4FD7FFE88" author="Veron, J. E. N. &amp; Pichon, M." pageId="21" pageNumber="151" refId="ref27292" refString="Veron, J. E. N. &amp; Pichon, M. (1980) Scleractinia of eastern Australia. Part iii. Families Agariciidae, Siderastreidae, Fungiidae, Oculinidae, Merulinidae, Mussidae, Pectiniidae, Caryophylliidae, Dendrophylliidae. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville." type="book" year="1980">Veron &amp; Pichon, 1980</bibRefCitation>
; Chevalier &amp; Beauvais, 1987;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A09214638FB30FE88" author="Veron, J. E. N." box="[1039,1175,279,306]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" refId="ref27496" refString="Veron, J. E. N. (2000) Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville." type="book" year="2000">Veron, 2000</bibRefCitation>
). This historical taxonomic uncertainty was initially solved by a first comprehensive molecular phylogenetic tree of scleractinian corals showing that
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0E124687FC04FE78" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[828,931,423,449]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0E124687FC04FE78" box="[828,931,423,449]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clustered within clade
<collectionCode id="87A743F7981BFF9A0F8A46EBFD13FE5C" box="[676,692,459,485]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F9046EBFD5CFE5D" box="[702,763,459,484]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">sensu</emphasis>
Fukami et al. (2008), together with
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F8A46CEFD59FDB1" authorityName="Matthai" authorityYear="1928" box="[676,766,494,520]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Ctenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F8A46CEFD59FDB1" box="[676,766,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Ctenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0E1C46CEFBDFFDB0" authority="(Fukami et al., 2008)" baseAuthorityName="Fukami" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[818,1144,494,521]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Galaxea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0E1C46CEFC2AFDB1" box="[818,909,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Galaxea</emphasis>
(Fukami et al., 2008)
</taxonomicName>
. On the basis of these molecular results, Budd et al. (2012) re-organised the family
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A09384516FB04FDE9" authorityName="Veron" authorityYear="2002" box="[1046,1187,566,592]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Euphylliidae</taxonomicName>
to include the members of clade
<collectionCode id="87A743F7981BFF9A0969457BFBF0FDCC" box="[1095,1111,603,629]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A094B457BFB05FDCD" box="[1125,1186,603,628]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">sensu</emphasis>
Fukami et al. (2008). Subsequently,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0910455FFCA4FD05" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="4074" refId="ref24423" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2017) Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 5, e 4074." type="journal article" year="2017">Luzon et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0E3E4582FCE3FD05" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[784,836,674,700]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="4074" refId="ref24496" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2018) Correction: Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 6, e 4074 / correction- 1." type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
) found that representatives of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F8A45E6FCACFD59" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[676,779,710,736]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F8A45E6FCACFD59" box="[676,779,710,736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were split in two main molecular lineages (see also Fukami et al., 2008;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A097145CAFD5EFC91" author="Lin, M. F. &amp; Luzon, K. S. &amp; Licuanan, W. Y. &amp; Lagman, M. C. &amp; Chen, C. A." pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="513 - 524" refId="ref24227" refString="Lin, M. F., Luzon, K. S., Licuanan, W. Y., Ablan- Lagman, M. C. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2011) Seventyfour universal primers for characterizing the complete mitochondrial genomes of scleractinian corals (Cnidaria; Anthozoa). Zool. Stud., 50, 513 - 524." type="journal article" year="2011">Lin et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
; Akmal et al., 2017). Using a combination of molecular, morphological (skeleton and polyp morphology), and reproductive data,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0FCA445AFC1EFC2D" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[740,953,889,916]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="4074" refId="ref24423" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2017) Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 5, e 4074." type="journal article" year="2017">Luzon et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
revised
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A09354459FB25FC2A" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[1051,1154,889,915]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A09354459FB25FC2A" box="[1051,1154,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to consist of four species, namely
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A092D44BEFB3AFC0E" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1027,1181,925,951]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A092D44BEFB3AFC0E" box="[1027,1181,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. glabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F8A44E2FCBBFC62" authorityName="Turak, Devantier &amp; Erdman" authorityYear="2012" box="[676,796,961,987]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="baliensis">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F8A44E2FCBBFC62" box="[676,796,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. baliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0E0644E2FC32FC62" authorityName="Chevalier" authorityYear="1971" box="[808,917,962,987]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cristata">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0E0644E2FC32FC62" box="[808,917,962,987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. cristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0EFE44E2FB3BFC62" authorityName="Veron" authorityYear="1990" box="[976,1180,961,987]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paraglabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0EFE44E2FB3BFC62" box="[976,1180,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. paraglabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and moved the other five species of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A091544C5FB05FC46" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[1083,1186,997,1023]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A091544C5FB05FC46" box="[1083,1186,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0FF44329FCDBFB9A" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[730,892,1033,1059]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0FF44329FCDBFB9A" box="[730,892,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Our molecular and morphological results confirmed and strongly supported the study by
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A0EAD4371FBE1FBD2" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[899,1094,1105,1131]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="4074" refId="ref24423" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2017) Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 5, e 4074." type="journal article" year="2017">Luzon et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C3981BFF9A09614371FB22FBD2" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[1103,1157,1105,1131]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" pagination="4074" refId="ref24496" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2018) Correction: Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 6, e 4074 / correction- 1." type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
). Although we were not able to trace the
<typeStatus id="3E0D6590981BFF9A0F8A43B9FCAFFB0A" box="[676,776,1177,1203]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0E1B43B9FC73FB0A" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[821,980,1177,1203]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0E1B43B9FC73FB0A" box="[821,980,1177,1203]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. glabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the type species
<materialsCitation id="51DED16F981BFF9A0F8A439CFB05FA4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4411736304" country="Germany" county="To" location="Despite" municipality="Naturkunde" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Berlin" typeStatus="neotype">
of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0FEA439CFC8CFB6F" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[708,811,1212,1238]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0FEA439CFC8CFB6F" box="[708,811,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we did not designate a
<typeStatus id="3E0D6590981BFF9A0969439DFB05FB6E" box="[1095,1186,1213,1239]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
because we did not perform a comprehensive search in all relevant museums and we cannot exclude that the
<typeStatus id="3E0D6590981BFF9A0E9D4208FBB0FAFB" box="[947,1047,1320,1346]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited somewhere.
<location id="E4698DE9981BFF9A0E1D426CFC2EFADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:691F6A24981AFF990FAB414BFC32FEC0:E4698DE9981BFF9A0E1D426CFC2EFADF" box="[819,905,1356,1382]" country="Germany" county="To" municipality="Naturkunde" name="Despite" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" stateProvince="Berlin">Despite</location>
much of the
<location id="E4698DE9981BFF9A0909426CFB04FADF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:691F6A24981AFF990FAB414BFC32FEC0:E4698DE9981BFF9A0909426CFB04FADF" box="[1063,1187,1356,1382]" country="Germany" county="To" municipality="Naturkunde" name="Chamisso's" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" stateProvince="Berlin">Chamisso’s</location>
collection is deposited in the
<location id="E4698DE9981BFF9A093C4251FBD2FA32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:691F6A24981AFF990FAB414BFC32FEC0:E4698DE9981BFF9A093C4251FBD2FA32" box="[1042,1141,1393,1419]" country="Germany" county="To" municipality="Naturkunde" name="Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" stateProvince="Berlin">Museum</location>
für
<collectingMunicipality id="016D4148981BFF9A0F8A42B4FC8CFA17" box="[676,811,1428,1454]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Naturkunde</collectingMunicipality>
(zmb,
<collectingRegion id="237215D0981BFF9A0EBD42B4FC7EFA17" box="[915,985,1428,1454]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Berlin</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="99A19BA2981BFF9A0EDC42B4FBF9FA17" box="[1010,1118,1428,1454]" name="Germany" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Germany</collectingCountry>
), the type of the species could not be located there.
<collectingCounty id="0868A3BE981BFF9A0FC242FCFCA0FA4F" box="[748,775,1500,1526]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">To</collectingCounty>
identify our specimens, we referred
</materialsCitation>
to the original illustration of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A092A4120FB04F9A3" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1028,1187,1536,1562]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A092A4120FB04F9A3" box="[1028,1187,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">E. glabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt (1821: pl. xxxiii, figs. 1a, 1b).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB32981BFF990FEC414BFE08FC2D" blockId="21.[676,1219,171,1810]" lastBlockId="22.[98,610,171,1778]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0FEC414BFBAFF93C" box="[706,1032,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Morphological remarks:</emphasis>
Within
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F8A41AFFC94F910" authorityName="Veron" authorityYear="2002" box="[676,819,1679,1705]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Euphylliidae</taxonomicName>
, the genus shares several macromorphological characters with
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B1981BFF9A0F8A41F7FCE1F948" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[676,838,1751,1777]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C20720981BFF9A0F8A41F7FCE1F948" box="[676,838,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, for example a phaceloid Downloaded from Brill.com
<date id="9508FDF2981BFF9A0EC041CDFBFEF945" box="[1006,1113,1773,1788]" pageId="21" pageNumber="151" value="2023-08-29">08/29/2023</date>
05:29:52
<collectionCode id="87A743F7981BFF9A098941CDFB64F945" box="[1191,1219,1773,1788]" country="USA" name="Pratt Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="151">PM</collectionCode>
via free access coenosteum, large calice relief (&gt;
<quantity id="264E76D79818FF990F24478BFDF2FF7F" box="[522,597,171,198]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
), and wide septa spacing (&gt; 11 septa per
<quantity id="264E76D79818FF990F3D47EFFDF1FF53" box="[531,598,207,234]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
). Nevertheless, the two genera can be told apart by their columella, which is reduced to inner septa margin processes, with a small size relative to calice width (&lt;1/4), and with absent linkage in
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990DC946A3FEE9FE24" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[231,334,387,413]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990DC946A3FEE9FE24" box="[231,334,387,413]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Micromorphologically, while
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990D944687FE86FE78" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[186,289,423,449]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990D944687FE86FE78" box="[186,289,423,449]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits closely spaced (zig-zag mid-septal zone) rads similar to
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990D4C46CFFEA3FDB0" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[98,260,495,521]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990D4C46CFFEA3FDB0" box="[98,260,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990C6346CFFE63FDB0" authorityName="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1851" box="[333,452,495,521]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Gyrosmilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990C6346CFFE63FDB0" box="[333,452,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Gyrosmilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is distinguished from these two genera by having septal faces with shingles absent or small-sized. Finally,
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990C3E457AFED0FDCD" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[272,375,602,628]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990C3E457AFED0FDCD" box="[272,375,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990CEE457AFDC5FDCD" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[448,610,602,628]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990CEE457AFDC5FDCD" box="[448,610,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the only euphylliids having polyps always fully extended at daytime but their polyp shapes easily distinguish the two genera, as also described and discussed in detail by
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990D4C442EFE89FC91" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[98,302,782,808]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="4074" refId="ref24423" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2017) Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 5, e 4074." type="journal article" year="2017">Luzon et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990C17442EFEC8FC91" author="Luzon, K. S. &amp; Lin, M. F. &amp; Lagman, M. C. A. A. &amp; Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A." box="[313,367,782,808]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="4074" refId="ref24496" refString="Luzon, K. S., Lin, M. F., Lagman, M. C. A. A., Licuanan, W. R. Y. &amp; Chen, C. A. (2018) Correction: Resurrecting a subgenus to genus: molecular phylogeny of Euphyllia and Fimbriaphyllia (order Scleractinia; family Euphylliidae; clade V). PeerJ, 6, e 4074 / correction- 1." type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990CAC442EFE4EFC91" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[386,489,782,808]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990CAC442EFE4EFC91" box="[386,489,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays a simple polyp shape while representatives of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990D4C4476FEA3FCC9" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[98,260,854,880]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990D4C4476FEA3FCC9" box="[98,260,854,880]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have tentacles with complex shapes (see also
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990C34445AFE04FC2D" author="Veron, J. E. N." box="[282,419,890,916]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" refId="ref27496" refString="Veron, J. E. N. (2000) Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville." type="book" year="2000">Veron, 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E109DB329818FF990DAF44BDFC32FEC0" blockId="22.[98,610,171,1778]" lastBlockId="22.[645,1158,171,377]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990DAF44BDFED0FC0E" box="[129,375,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">
Distribution:
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990C3E44BDFED0FC0E" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[272,375,925,951]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Euphyllia</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is widely distributed on the reefs of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, occurring from the Arabian Sea and East Africa as far east as
<collectingCountry id="99A19BA29818FF990DDA4329FE0BFB9A" box="[244,428,1033,1059]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
in the Northern Hemisphere and
<collectingCountry id="99A19BA29818FF990C0A430EFECFFBF1" box="[292,360,1070,1096]" name="Tonga" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Tonga</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="99A19BA29818FF990C8E430DFDC6FBFE" box="[416,609,1069,1095]" name="American Samoa" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">American Samoa</collectingCountry>
in the Southern Hemisphere (
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990C9D4371FDFAFBD2" author="Lamberts, A. E." box="[435,605,1105,1131]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref24070" refString="Lamberts, A. E. (1983) An annotated checklist of the corals of American Samoa. Atoll Res. Bull., 264, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">Lamberts, 1983</bibRefCitation>
; Best et al., 1989;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990C0D4355FDFAFB36" author="Sheppard, C. R. C. &amp; Sheppard, A. L. S." box="[291,605,1141,1167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="3 - 170" refId="ref26503" refString="Sheppard, C. R. C. &amp; Sheppard, A. L. S. (1991) Corals and coral communities of Arabia. Fauna of Arabia, 12, 3 - 170." type="journal article" year="1991">Sheppard &amp; Sheppard, 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990D4C43B9FF49FB0A" author="Veron, J. E. N." box="[98,238,1177,1203]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" refId="ref27496" refString="Veron, J. E. N. (2000) Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville." type="book" year="2000">Veron, 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990DD243B9FE21FB0A" author="Obura, D." box="[252,390,1177,1203]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="45013" refId="ref24917" refString="Obura, D. (2012) The diversity and biogeography of Western Indian Ocean reef-building corals. PLoS One, 7, e 45013." type="journal article" year="2012">Obura, 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990CBA43B9FF33FB6E" author="Richards, Z. &amp; Beger, M." pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="522 - 540" refId="ref25683" refString="Richards, Z. &amp; Beger, M. (2013) Regional conservation status of scleractinian coral biodiversity in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Diversity, 5, 522 - 540." type="journal article" year="2013">Richards &amp; Beger, 2013</bibRefCitation>
; Huang et al., 2015;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990CA0439DFDF9FB6E" author="Veron, J. E. N. &amp; Stafford-Smith, M. &amp; DeVantier, L. &amp; Turak, E." box="[398,606,1212,1239]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="81" refId="ref27520" refString="Veron, J. E. N., Stafford-Smith, M., DeVantier, L. &amp; Turak, E. (2015) Overview of distribution patterns of zooxanthellate Scleractinia. Front. Mar. Sci., 1, 81." type="journal article" year="2015">Veron et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990D4C43C0FEE3FB42" author="Waheed, Z. &amp; van Mil, H. G. J. &amp; Syed Hussein, M. A. &amp; Jumin, R. &amp; Golam Ahad, B. &amp; Hoeksema, B. W." box="[98,324,1248,1275]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="0146006" refId="ref27639" refString="Waheed, Z., van Mil, H. G. J., Syed Hussein, M. A., Jumin, R., Golam Ahad, B. &amp; Hoeksema, B. W. (2015 b) Coral reefs at the northernmost tip of Borneo: an assessment of scleractinian species richness patterns and benthic reef assemblages. PLoS ONE, 10, e 0146006." type="journal article" year="2015">Waheed et al., 2015b</bibRefCitation>
; DeVantier &amp; Turak, 2017;
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990D4C4225FED9FAA6" author="Montgomery, A. D. &amp; Fenner, D. &amp; Toonen, R. J." box="[98,382,1284,1311]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 170" refId="ref24755" refString="Montgomery, A. D., Fenner, D. &amp; Toonen, R. J. (2019) Annotated checklist for stony corals of American Samoa with reference to mesophotic depth records. ZooKeys, 849, 1 - 170." type="journal article" year="2019">Montgomery et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Records of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990F374225FF18FAFB" baseAuthorityName="Chamisso &amp; Eysenhardt" baseAuthorityYear="1821" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="glabrescens">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990F374225FF18FAFB" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">E. glabrescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Red Sea (Berumen et al., 2019) remain uncertain and mainly based on accounts of the skeleton macro-morphology devoid of tentacles images or detailed description. It is indeed possible that records of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990DAD42FCFF4DFA4F" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[131,234,1500,1526]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990DAD42FCFF4DFA4F" box="[131,234,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Red Sea actually referred to
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990DAF4120FE84F9A3" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[129,291,1536,1562]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990DAF4120FE84F9A3" box="[129,291,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For example, the historical record by
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990DF94104FE62F987" author="Scheer, G. &amp; Pillai, C. S. G." box="[215,453,1572,1598]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref26277" refString="Scheer, G. &amp; Pillai, C. S. G. (1983) Report on the stony corals from the Red Sea. Zoologica, 45, 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1983">Scheer &amp; Pillai (1983</bibRefCitation>
: Plate 37,
<figureCitation id="798DC7B79818FF990F174104FFC8F9DB" captionStart="figure 3" captionStartId="11.[129,196,1473,1495]" captionTargetBox="[129,1180,168,1443]" captionTargetId="graphics-52@11.[129,809,175,1431]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="figure 3 Bayesian inference molecular phylogeny reconstruction of Euphylliidae based on three mitochondrial loci (coi, 12S rRNA,and 16S rRNA). Numbers at nodes indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (Ẑ0.70), maximum likelihood bootstrap supports (Ẑ70), and maximum parsimony supports (Ẑ70), respectively. Colours and clade names refer to Luzon et al. (2017, 2018)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8350008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8350008/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) is based on material showing the same corallum and septa morphology as the material of
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990DAF41AFFE3BF910" box="[129,412,1679,1705]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paradivisa">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990DAF41AFFE3BF910" box="[129,412,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia paradivisa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
we collected and examined from the south Red Sea (fig. 1M‒O). Conversely, records of Red Sea
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990C9441F7FDFBF948" authorityName="Veron &amp; Pichon" authorityYear="1980" box="[442,604,1751,1777]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Fimbriaphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990C9441F7FDFBF948" box="[442,604,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fimbriaphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially from mesophotic depths, are numerous and well-illustrated showing the typical complex morphology of the extended tentacles in this genus (e.g., Eyal et al., 2016:
<figureCitation id="798DC7B79818FF990FAB461BFD66FEEC" box="[645,705,315,341]" captionStart="figure 2" captionStartId="10.[98,165,1513,1535]" captionTargetBox="[199,1055,165,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-2@10.[199,1055,164,1470]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="figure 2 In situ (a, d, g, j, m, p, close-up of the tentacles in the inset) and skeleton (b–c, e–f, h–i, k–l, n–o, q–r) images of the taxa examined in this paper.Galaxea astreata: (a, c) unimib–TO MY001,Ile Blanche, Mayotte Island, (b) unimib–TO DJ042, Oblal, Djibouti, (c) unimib–TO DJ325, Ghoubet el Kareb, Djibouti.Galaxea acrhelia: (d–f) unimib PFB166, Masas Island, Madang, Papua New Guinea.Galaxea horrescens: (g–h) ird HS4121, Chesterfield Islands, New Caledonia, (i) unimib pfb478, Usien Island, Kavieng, Papua New Guinea.Galaxea paucisepta, Prony Bay, New Caledonia:(j–l) ird HS2895. Coeloseris mayeri: (m, o) unimib pfb127, Masas Island, Madang, Papua New Guinea, (n) ird HS1768, Cap Goulvain, New Caledonia. Gyrosmilia interrupta: (p–r) kaust SA0001, Al Lith, Saudi Arabia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8350004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8350004/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), albeit still mostly classified as
<taxonomicName id="26B6A0B19818FF990933461BFB23FEEC" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" box="[1053,1156,315,341]" class="Anthozoa" family="Euphylliidae" genus="Euphyllia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3C207209818FF990933461BFB23FEEC" box="[1053,1156,315,341]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="152">Euphyllia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="8527A6C39818FF990FEE467FFC2DFEC0" author="Rinsky, M. &amp; Weizman, E. &amp; Ben-Asher, H. W. &amp; Eyal, G. &amp; Zhu, B. &amp; Levy, O." box="[704,906,351,377]" pageId="22" pageNumber="152" pagination="6467" refId="ref25792" refString="Rinsky, M., Weizman, E., Ben-Asher, H. W., Eyal, G., Zhu, B. &amp; Levy, O. (2022) Temporal gene expression patterns in the coral Euphyllia paradivisa reveal the complexity of biological clocks in the cnidarian-algal symbiosis. Sci. Adv. 8, eabo 6467." type="journal article" year="2022">Rinsky et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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