199 lines
20 KiB
XML
199 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:mods id="DF4660CCFCA0A5E3FF42E5196F8B0D5A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C8CFD5EDBF622DD4C4A30985B54CED81">
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<mods:title id="CE12CE737C02B1F48723B4BE28CC9E55">Miniopteridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9D4BD05CFC78C67DAC52D725C44DE58">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AAA26CD99694557D90D930B8D0603560">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="A044FAC4799A12327D2A56242D5DC2C3">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="9AB6CED709280628D3E7FFE49EB6E2B2">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="81FDFB6BB72E31A6E4A32E4C2B0AA255">
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<mods:title id="5E353616FB6FF76AB2059670596FC179">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="C15A388F45B9627E006F418996896A94">674</mods:start>
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<treatment id="E84887F9FFDBD6560FF1F6B5143F354C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735332" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874038" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5735332" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E84887F9FFDBD6560FF1F6B5143F354C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E84887F9FFDBD6560FF1F6B5143F354C" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550FF1F6B514DC3F9E" box="[1467,1523,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550FF1F6B514DC3F9E" blockId="13.[1464,2561,2393,2520]" box="[1467,1523,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="3B168183FFDBD6550FF1F6B514DC3F9E" box="[1467,1523,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<figureCitation id="F8DA2A6AFFDBD6550FF1F6B514DC3F9E" box="[1467,1523,2393,2439]" captionStart="Plate 53: Miniopteridae" captionStartId="12.[103,133,3284,3309]" captionTargetBox="[11,2761,17,3658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="18. Villiers’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus villiersi), 19. Greater Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus inflatus), 20. Newton's Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus newtoni), 21. Least Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus minor), 22. Sandy Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus arenarius), 23. African Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus africanus), 24. Natal Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus natalensis), 25. Mozambican Long-fingered Bat (Muniopterus mossambicus), 26. Lesser Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus fraterculus), 27. Aellen’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus aelleni), 28. Griveaud’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus griveaudi), 29. Glen’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus gleni), 30. Madagascar Long-fingered Bat (Manaopterus brachytragos), 31. Montagne d’Ambre Long-fingered Bat (Minaiopterus ambohitrenss), 32. Major’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus majori), 33. Eger’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus egent), 34. Manavil Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus manai), 35. Sororcula Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus sororculus), 36. Peterson’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus petersoni), 37. Mahafaly Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus mahafaliensis), 38. Griffiths’s Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus griffiths)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6419164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6419164/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">23.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550C48F6B519053F9E" box="[1538,2090,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550C48F6B519053F9E" blockId="13.[1464,2561,2393,2520]" box="[1538,2090,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="3B168183FFDBD6550C48F6B519053F9E" box="[1538,2090,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<vernacularName id="EEE246C1FFDBD6550C48F6B519053F9E" box="[1538,2090,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">African Long-fingered Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550225F6B51B2E3F9E" box="[2159,2561,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550225F6B51B2E3F9E" blockId="13.[1464,2561,2393,2520]" box="[2159,2561,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="3B168183FFDBD6550225F6B51B2E3F9E" box="[2159,2561,2393,2439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD6550225F6B51B2E3F9E" ID-CoL="43JRV" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1936" box="[2159,2561,2393,2439]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanus">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550225F6B51B2E3F9E" box="[2159,2561,2393,2439]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Miniopterus africanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550FF0F67516813FCF" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550FF0F67518FF3FB7" blockId="13.[1464,2561,2393,2520]" box="[1466,2512,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="3B168183FFDBD6550FF0F67518FF3FB7" box="[1466,2512,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550FF0F675172A3FB7" bold="true" box="[1466,1541,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="EEE246C1FFDBD6550C45F67517F63FB7" box="[1551,1753,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Minioptére dAfrique</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550CA4F67516673FB7" bold="true" box="[1774,1864,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="EEE246C1FFDBD6550D1BF67519A43FB7" box="[1873,2187,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Ostafrika-Langflugelfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD65502EBF67519D33FB7" bold="true" box="[2209,2300,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="EEE246C1FFDBD655034CF675185E3FB7" box="[2310,2417,2457,2478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Minidptero</vernacularName>
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de Africa
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550FF3F62D16813FCF" blockId="13.[1464,2561,2393,2520]" box="[1465,1966,2497,2518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="3B168183FFDBD6550FF3F62D16813FCF" box="[1465,1966,2497,2518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550FF3F62D179F3FCF" bold="true" box="[1465,1712,2497,2518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="EEE246C1FFDBD6550CF2F62D16813FCF" box="[1720,1966,2497,2518]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">African Bent-winged Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550257F5EF19483C55" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550257F5EF19483C55" blockId="13.[2077,2670,2563,2990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550257F5EF19963C3D" bold="true" box="[2077,2233,2563,2596]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD655028CF5EF194D3C55" ID-CoL="43JRV" authority="Sanborn, 1936" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1936" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanus">Miniopterus africanus Sanborn, 1936</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD655023DF5C318F43C82" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD655023DF5C318F43C82" blockId="13.[2077,2670,2563,2990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<materialsCitation id="D0893CB2FFDBD655023DF5C318F43C82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3747914318" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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“Sanford’s Ranch, Mulo, northwest of
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<collectingRegion id="A225F80DFFDBD6550202F5B7182C3C6D" box="[2120,2307,2651,2676]" country="Ethiopia" name="Adis Abeba" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Addis Ababa</collectingRegion>
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, Shoa District,
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFDBD65503A4F5B71B483C6D" box="[2542,2663,2651,2676]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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. Altitude
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<quantity id="A7199B0AFFDBD65502D3F592180E3C82" box="[2201,2337,2686,2715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" unit="ft" value="8000.0">8,000 feet</quantity>
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[=
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<quantity id="A7199B0AFFDBD6550318F59218EF3C82" box="[2386,2496,2686,2715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.438" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" unit="m" value="2438.0">2438 m</quantity>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550255F54D18F63D21" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550255F54D18F63D21" blockId="13.[2077,2670,2563,2990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD6550255F54D18143CDB" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1936" box="[2079,2363,2721,2754]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="africanus">Miniopterus africanus</taxonomicName>
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was considered a subspecies in the
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD65502BBF525187B3CF3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[2289,2388,2761,2794]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inflatus">inflatus</taxonomicName>
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complex due to its size. Recent genetic analyses confirmed it as a distinct species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550254F4AB19053DCF" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="distribution">
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<caption id="349E6667FFDBD6550254F4AB19053DCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5735270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5735270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5735270/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" targetBox="[1462,2054,2575,2989]" targetPageId="13">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550254F4AB19053DCF" blockId="13.[2077,2670,2563,2990]" lastBlockId="13.[1465,2672,2997,3463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550254F4AB19E13D79" bold="true" box="[2078,2254,2887,2912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Distribution.</emphasis>
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E Africa in
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFDBD6550331F4AB18F23D79" box="[2427,2525,2887,2912]" name="Eritrea" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFDBD65503A7F4AB1B493D79" box="[2541,2662,2887,2912]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFDBD6550254F48319A03D91" box="[2078,2191,2927,2952]" name="Somalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Somalia</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFDBD65502ABF48318173D91" box="[2273,2360,2927,2952]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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. Few individuals have actually been confirmed genetically, and therefore distribution is still quite uncertain.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6550FF3F43016493AF3" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="description">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6550FF3F43016493AF3" blockId="13.[1465,2672,2997,3463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550FF3F43017993DE4" bold="true" box="[1465,1718,3036,3069]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Forearm 48-4-50-5 mm, hindfoot
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<quantity id="A7199B0AFFDBD65502F1F430180F3DE4" box="[2235,2336,3036,3069]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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. The African Long-fingered Batis pale grayish brown, being very light fuscous to near clove-brown dorsally; bases of hairs are fuscous, with light tips.
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<collectingRegion id="A225F80DFFDBD6550DBFF3C719173A55" box="[2037,2104,3115,3148]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Chin</collectingRegion>
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and throat are dark where worn. Rest of underparts is light brown; hairs are fuscous basally, with gray tips. There are a few light gray hairs in pubic region. The African Long-fingered Batis a gray form, whereas the Greater Long-fingered Bat (
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD6550D01F34D16CE3ADB" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[1867,2017,3233,3266]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="705" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inflatus">M. inflatus</taxonomicName>
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) is reddish black, and they have subtle differences in dorsal profile of skull.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFDBD6560FF3F31C122E37D3" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="605E36EFFFDBD6560FF3F31C122E37D3" blockId="13.[1465,2672,2997,3463]" lastBlockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFDBD6550FF3F31C17073B08" bold="true" box="[1465,1576,3312,3345]" pageId="13" pageNumber="704">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open thorn scrub and grasslands with scattered acacias, semi-desert grassland with areas of
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD6550C3EF2F416433B20" box="[1652,1900,3352,3385]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia (Fabaceae)</taxonomicName>
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scrub and volcanic caves, and a gorge with
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<taxonomicName id="A7E14D6CFFDBD6550390F2F41B1F3B20" box="[2522,2608,3352,3385]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="704" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
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and broadleaved scrub and limestone caves at elevations of 1000-3300 m. One individual was observed flying 6-8 m aboveground along widely spaced acacia trees in open thorn scrub and grassland. In Bale Mountains National Park,
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFD8D656099EFEDF1562374D" box="[980,1101,307,340]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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, many individuals were observed hunting over forest openings and near canopy esdge. Individuals considered to be African Long-fingered Bats from the Rift Valley in
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<collectingCountry id="18F6767FFFD8D6560E63FE6E155137BA" box="[1065,1150,386,419]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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live in more arid habitats than Greater Long-fingered Bats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A32FE3D12383458" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A32FE3D12383458" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A32FE3D105437EB" bold="true" box="[120,379,465,498]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on wing morphology, the African Long-fingered Bat presumably forages for flying insects by moderately fast hawking in open, uncluttered places including clearings, above trees, and over water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A32FDAA10C2347E" box="[120,493,582,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A32FDAA10C2347E" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" box="[120,493,582,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A32FDAA11D1347E" bold="true" box="[120,254,582,615]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A3CFD8210D034AF" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A3CFD8210D034AF" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A3CFD82104D3496" bold="true" box="[118,354,622,655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The African Long-fingered Batis thought to be mainly nocturnal. It uses caves as daytime roosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A32FD51150C34C7" box="[120,1059,701,734]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A32FD51150C34C7" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" box="[120,1059,701,734]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A32FD51121B34C7" bold="true" box="[120,820,701,734]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A32FD0815BD351C" box="[120,1170,740,773]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A32FD0815BD351C" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" box="[120,1170,740,773]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A32FD0810FA351C" bold="true" box="[120,469,740,773]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28FB6564FFD8D6560A32FCF8143F354C" pageId="14" pageNumber="705" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="605E36EFFFD8D6560A32FCF8143F354C" blockId="14.[118,1326,307,855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="5295EAFDFFD8D6560A32FCF8103E3534" bold="true" box="[120,273,788,813]" pageId="14" pageNumber="705">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Agnelli et al. (1990), Funaioli & Lanza (1968), Happold, M. (2013bn), Juste et al. (2007), Largen et al. (1974), Musila et al. (2019), Peterson et al. (1995), Sanborn (1936), Schlitter (2004), Yalden et al. (1996).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |