148 lines
16 KiB
XML
148 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="90C89B3A2ADD4D4B927235D881CA6FA4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="315c1c11-0710-45f0-9072-17bfa650725e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248321" ID-ZooBank="16B3744F-D3A5-45DB-85A4-A9201EDB5A2A" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460700580234" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hemp, Claudia" docDate="2013" docId="03A3881C9002F43CFF28AC16FB88F8AF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03737p350.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3737 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gymnoscirtus unguiculatus Karsch 1888" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="333" masterDocId="FF9AF0649022F41CFFBFAF20FF95FFCD" masterDocTitle="Annotated list of Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) from the East Usambara Mountains Tanzania and new Tettigoniidae species from East Africa" masterLastPageNumber="350" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="333" updateTime="1698354506459" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="DC105EB4E65989852425763279A83B70" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08FC4FE428627244F96D2BA62375F631">
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<mods:title id="6592D0CD83C059E4D3FDCAB5AE1682B1">Annotated list of Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) from the East Usambara Mountains Tanzania and new Tettigoniidae species from East Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7C04FF4DF3F27D39698CF20504620B00" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E2E27E3143A2F8C10EB6F5B6455C657D">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="72099C2073CE48F94B708CB9474ADF8E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BB095C7C296FBA483AE0A50E2D09B353">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6210D5E86853B5C7422F7334F899DF4B">
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<mods:date id="F8E9E1E5F749F06A7356BB0DB273F362">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B1ADA8882274F3D3DF60AAF02337C474" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7E00D32E15EC1DD01B1E7E7519BD4210">3737</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="782C1E108707DD36A80025A183914852" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BDE846688ECE47F61ECE0D24AE54147E">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C340839E618F2AA1E395A380BECDD75D">301</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D2C4D42FB017A46C7A55F5222A484E3B">350</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="13EC7C42F392B9EBD6322D95CF6C913F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5DEB3A66DB588B99C587BBFF8E7B0BF9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76F846A9CD4571ECE0BE9873C1A708D6" type="GBIF-Dataset">315c1c11-0710-45f0-9072-17bfa650725e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7D0B87F56E653C6641F632E83C531C83" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2905A6867A1B250524497CD915913014" type="Zenodo-Dep">248321</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="85161EB1D008DB729527F1E920B703A1" type="ZooBank">16B3744F-D3A5-45DB-85A4-A9201EDB5A2A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A3881C9002F43CFF28AC16FB88F8AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5682372" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127602107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5682372" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3881C9002F43CFF28AC16FB88F8AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3881C9002F43CFF28AC16FB88F8AF" lastPageNumber="333" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<subSubSection id="C3106A819002F43CFF28AC16FB19F98C" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF28AC16FC95FC9C" blockId="32.[151,1041,822,882]" box="[151,768,822,849]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<heading id="D0FD8E669002F43CFF28AC16FC95FC9C" bold="true" box="[151,768,822,849]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF28AC16FC95FC9C" bold="true" box="[151,768,822,849]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFF28AC16FD04FC9C" authority="Karsch, 1888" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,657,822,849]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculatus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF28AC16FE73FC9D" bold="true" box="[151,486,822,848]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus unguiculatus</emphasis>
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Karsch, 1888
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1331258F9002F43CFD1EAC17FD6DFC9C" box="[673,760,823,849]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1361,1383]" captionTargetBox="[409,1176,185,1336]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[409,1176,185,1336]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 23. Male Gymnoscirtus unguiculatus, Mazumbai Forest Reserve, West Usambara Mountains." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248343/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF28AC79FB84FCBF" blockId="32.[151,1041,822,882]" box="[151,1041,857,882]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFDB5AC79FD1EFCBF" box="[522,651,857,882]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
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.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:13542
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF28AC81FD59FA7F" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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Karsch (1888b) described
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFE5DAC81FD69FC77" box="[482,764,929,954]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculatus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFE5DAC81FD69FC77" box="[482,764,929,954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Mecopoda unguiculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and erected a few years later the monotypic genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFF28ACE6FE77FC13" authority="Karsch 1891" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,482,965,990]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF28ACE6FEA6FC10" box="[151,307,966,989]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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(Karsch 1891)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFE50ACE6FD1EFC10" box="[495,651,966,989]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFE50ACE6FD1EFC10" box="[495,651,966,989]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by an elongated but stout body of mostly brown or greenish colour with antennae that are about 1.5 times as long as the body length.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFBD2ACCAFA9CFBCC" box="[1133,1289,1002,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFBD2ACCAFA9CFBCC" box="[1133,1289,1002,1025]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a broad fastigium verticis, which meets the fastigium of frons in a broad well distinguished horizontal line with a deep median sulcus. The pronotum has deep lateral lobes, the disk of the pronotum shows a typical hourglass shape, bordered lateral at the upper parts of the lobes by shiny black areas in the males. The prosternum is bispinose with a pair of slender and long slightly backward curved spines.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFC8BAB5AFC45FB5C" box="[820,976,1146,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFC8BAB5AFC45FB5C" box="[820,976,1146,1169]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is brachypterous with the tegmina partly covered by the pronotum, while females have small lobes laterally protruding from the posterior margin of the pronotum and which are not overlapping. Hindwings are lacking in both sexes. The abdominal tergites wear rounded knobs medially. Fore coxa with well developed spine. The legs are long and slender, the hind femora stout at their base, surpassing the apex of the abdomen about half of their length. The hind tibiae are longer than the hind femora. The male cerci are short but slender and slightly curved inward. The subgenital plate, as typical for most
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFF28AA71FEA7FAA7" box="[151,306,1361,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mecopodinae">Mecopodinae</taxonomicName>
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, is elongated and fork-like incised medially at posterior end. The ovipositor of the females is moderately long, stout at the base and slender and laterally compressed along the remaining part, of about half the length of the hind femora, and slightly up-curved..
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF78AA9DFB19F98C" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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Diagnosis:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFEFAAA9EFE74FA18" box="[325,481,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFEFAAA9EFE74FA18" box="[325,481,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to the West African genus
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFC0DAA9EFBC5FA18" box="[946,1104,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFC0DAA9EFBD9FA18" box="[946,1100,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Apteroscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apteroscirtus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Characters differentiating the two genera as given by Karsch (1891) are a fastigium verticis which is broader in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFBFAAAC2FB74FA34" box="[1093,1249,1506,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFBFAAAC2FB74FA34" box="[1093,1249,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the form of the pronotum which is constricted at its first furrow (causing the “hourglass” shape), and the subgenital plate which is triangularly incised in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFE2BA90AFDBFF98C" box="[404,554,1578,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Apteroscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFE2BA90AFDBFF98C" box="[404,554,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Apteroscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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while the incision is evenly rounded in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFC56A90AFB10F98C" box="[1001,1157,1578,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFC56A90AFB10F98C" box="[1001,1157,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3106A819002F43CFF78A96DFACBF963" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF78A96DFC60F947" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF78A96DFECCF9AB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1613,1638]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Distribution</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F31D799A9002F43CFECBA96DFE48F9AB" box="[372,477,1613,1638]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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: East and West Usambara Mountains, Gendagenda Forest Reserve, Uluguru Mountains, Nguru Mountains, Pugu Hills.
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<collectingCountry id="F31D799A9002F43CFDC9A952FD51F947" box="[630,708,1650,1674]" name="Kenya" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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: Mrima Hill, Shimba Hills.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF78A9B6FACBF963" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" box="[199,1374,1685,1711]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF78A9B6FE30F963" bold="true" box="[199,421,1685,1710]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Ecology & Biology</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFE0BA9B7FDF1F963" box="[436,612,1685,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculatus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFE0BA9B7FDF1F963" box="[436,612,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">G. unguiculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is day active, well camouflaged among leaf litter of the forest floor.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3106A819002F43CFF78A999FB09F91C" box="[199,1180,1721,1746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF78A999FB09F91C" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" box="[199,1180,1721,1746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF78A999FEB6F91F" bold="true" box="[199,291,1721,1746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Habitat</emphasis>
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: Coastal and lowland, submontane to montane forest from about
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<quantity id="4CF294EF9002F43CFBBFA999FB0DF91C" box="[1024,1176,1721,1746]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" unit="m" value="825.0" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="50.0">50 to 1600 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3106A819002F43CFF78A9FEFB88F8AF" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB5390A9002F43CFF78A9FEFB88F8AF" blockId="32.[151,1436,929,1890]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFF78A9FEFEA8F93B" bold="true" box="[199,317,1758,1782]" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The individuals in the collection of the NHM London from the Pugu Hills, the Uluguru and Nguru Mountains of
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<collectingCountry id="F31D799A9002F43CFE88A821FE09F8D7" box="[311,412,1793,1818]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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show slight differences in the outer genitalic apparatus and the shape of the spines of the prosternum. Further studies on a larger series of specimens from these localities on morphology, song and genetics have to show whether further species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0A42899002F43CFDE3A86AFD6DF8AC" box="[604,760,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Gymnoscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="333" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97EE5189002F43CFDE3A86AFD6DF8AC" box="[604,760,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="333">Gymnoscirtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occur in these mountains.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |