254 lines
26 KiB
XML
254 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.660" ID-PMC="PMC3174427" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-1-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5E54ED024A01FFB9FFC1FF8B56454744" ID-PubMed="22171168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576060" ModsDocID="1314-2003-1-33" checkinTime="1451252138990" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Stern, Stephen & Bohs, Lynn" docDate="2010" docId="CAA9C93A39261A4DDB95E329DCB428E5" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 1: 53-65" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 1" docPubDate="2010-11-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.660" docTitle="Solanum achorum S. Stern 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="5E54ED024A01FFB9FFC1FF8B56454744" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="5E54ED024A01FFB9FFC1FF8B56454744" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone of southern Ecuador and northern Peru" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1668139891724" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone of southern Ecuador and northern Peru</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stern, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stern@biology.utah.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bohs, Lynn</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-11-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>65</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.660</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.1.660</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-1-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5E54ED024A01FFB9FFC1FF8B56454744</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576060</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359390" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CAA9C93A39261A4DDB95E329DCB428E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CAA9C93A39261A4DDB95E329DCB428E5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CAA9C93A-3926-1A4D-DB95-E329DCB428E5" authority="S. Stern" authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum achorum" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum" status="sp. nov.">Solanum achorum S. Stern</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="36">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Isotype of Solanum achorum S. Stern [Stern et al. 129 (UT)]." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9849" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photos of type collection of Solanum achorum S. Stern. A Hermaphroditic flower and buds. B Functionally male flower; note the absence of exserted style. C Inflorescence and immature fruits. Scale bars = 1 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9850" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="latin">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Latin</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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Solano megaspermo
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Agra et</emphasis>
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S. velutino
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Dunal affinis sed a</emphasis>
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S. megaspermo
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">inflorescentiis paucifloribus et seminibus parvioris, a</emphasis>
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S. velutino
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">calycibus parvioris differt</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Peru:</emphasis>
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Amazonas: Prov. Chachapoyas, road from Leimebamba to Chachapoyas, about 15 km N of Leimebamba along
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Utcubamba, 6°37'39"S, 77°48'44"W, 2050 m, 13 December 2007 (fl, fr), S. Stern et al. 129 (holotype: USM!; isotypes: BM001016783!, HAO! [destroyed], NY00986767!, UT!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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Erect to scandent shrub, 1-3 m tall. Stems armed with recurved, tan to orange roselike prickles to 2.5 mm in length, the base 2-3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-1 mm, sparsely to moderately pubescent with rusty, porrect-stellate hairs, the stalks nearly absent to 0.2 mm, multiseriate, the rays 5-10, 0.2-0.3 mm, unicellular to multicellular, the midpoints nearly absent. Flowering portions of stem consisting of plurifoliate sympodial units, the leaves apparently not geminate. Leaves simple, the blades 6-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.5-11 cm, elliptic to ovate, chartaceous, discolorous, adaxially dark green, abaxially whitish green, the adaxial surface sparsely stellate-pubescent with hairs like those of the stem, the abaxial surface moderately to densely stellate-pubescent with hairs like those of the stem but white and with midpoints often gland-tipped, these mixed with multicellular, uniseriate glandular hairs 0.3-0.6 mm long; venation pinnate, the secondary veins 4-5 on both sides of the midvein, the midrib abaxially occasionally with sparse recurved spines like those of the stem; base obtuse, often asymmetrical; margin entire; apex acute; petioles 0.5-3 cm, moderately pubescent with hairs like those of the stem, occasionally armed with sparse recurved spines. Inflorescences 2-15 (20) cm, 2-5-branched, with 4-12 flowers, the plants andromonoecious, specifically androgynoecious (
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker, BA" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" pagination="41 - 46" refId="B10" refString="Walker, BA, Whelan, RJ, 1991. Can andromonoecy explain low fruit:flower ratios in the Proteaceae? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 44: 41 - 46" title="Can andromonoecy explain low fruit: flower ratios in the Proteaceae?" volume="44" year="1991">Walker and Whelan 1991</bibRefCitation>
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), with hermaphroditic flowers at the base of the inflorescence and occasionally with staminate flowers at the tip, the axes moderately to densely pubescent with hairs like those of the stem; peduncle 1-3 cm; rachis 3-5 cm; pedicels 4-15 mm in flower, 10-25 mm in fruit, erect, spaced 3-5 mm apart, articulated at the base. Calyx 3-6 mm long, the tube 1-3 mm, the lobes 2-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-2.5 mm, triangular, moderately to densely pubescent with hairs like those of the stem; fruiting calyx not accrescent, not completely covering the fruit. Corolla 2-3.5 cm in diameter, stellate with little to no interpetalar tissue, chartaceous to membranaceous, white, the tube 2-4 mm long, the lobes 10-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-5 mm, narrowly triangular-ovate, often reflexed, acute at apices, densely pubescent abaxially with white stellate hairs like those of the stem, glabrous to sparsely pubescent adaxially. Stamens 6-10 mm; filaments to 1 mm long, glabrous; anthers 6-10 mm
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-2 mm, attenuate, connivent, yellow, the base cordate to obtuse, the apex acute to obtuse, the pores apical, not opening into slits. Ovary moderately pubescent with stellate hairs; style in functionally male flowers 3-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-1.5 mm, not exserted beyond stamens; style in hermaphroditic flowers 8-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.5-1.5 mm, exerted beyond stamens, cylindrical, moderately pubescent with stellate hairs; stigma 1.5-2 mm wide, capitate. Fruit a berry, 1.5-2 cm in diameter, globose,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="37" start="start">obtuse</pageBreakToken>
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at apex, green and often mottled with white, often turning brown while still on plant, drying brown, moderately pubescent when young with gland-tipped stellate hairs like those of the stem but with rays often fused, these mixed with short simple glandular hairs, becoming glabrous to sparsely pubescent when mature. Seeds 25-50 per fruit, reniform, brown, rugose, 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-3.5 mm, the margin flattened with a swollen center.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9849" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Isotype of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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S. Stern [Stern et al. 129 (UT)].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9850" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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Photos of type collection of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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S. Stern.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
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Hermaphroditic flower and buds.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">B</emphasis>
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Functionally male flower; note the absence of exserted style.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">C</emphasis>
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Inflorescence and immature fruits. Scale bars = 1 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Known from northern Peru in Depts. Amazonas and Cajamarca and southern Ecuador in Prov. Zamora-Chinchipe in disturbed open places in montane tropical forest, 700-2100 m in elevation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Flowering specimens were collected in December; fruiting specimens were collected in July, October, and December.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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The name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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is derived from the Greek "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">achoros"</emphasis>
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meaning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“homeless.”">"homeless."</normalizedToken>
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This name was chosen because of disagreement as to which group within
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solanum</taxonomicName>
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subg.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Leptostemonum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Leptostemonum</taxonomicName>
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this species belongs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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According to the IUCN Red List Categories (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee," journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" publicationUrl="http://intranet.iucn.org/webfiles/doc/SSC/RedList/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B3" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, , 2010. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 8.0. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in March 2010., http://intranet.iucn.org/webfiles/doc/SSC/RedList/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 8.0. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in March 2010" url="http://intranet.iucn.org/webfiles/doc/SSC/RedList/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2010">IUCN 2010</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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is classified as VU- B2a+B2biii; D2 (Vulnerable). The extent of occupancy is estimated to be approximately 30,000 km2 with less than 10 collected locations. The conservation status of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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is similar to that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubicaule">Solanum rubicaule</taxonomicName>
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with respect to the potential of more unidentified specimens in herbaria, more specimens as a result of increased collecting efforts, and the difficulty of assessing future habitat as deforestation continues.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Ecuador:</emphasis>
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Zamora-Chinchipe:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
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Chinchipe,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Parroquía">Parroquia</normalizedToken>
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Zumba, Quebrada
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tarrangamí">Tarrangami</normalizedToken>
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, near cabin of Sandy
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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, W of Escuela Byron
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
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, just S of Las Pircas, region of Guaramizal, 4°46'50"S, 79°12'33"W, 2000 m, 29 March 2005 (fr), L.Bohs et al. 3356 (LOJA, QCA, QCNE, UT); same locality, same date (fr), L.Bohs et al. 3358 (QCNE, UT);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cantón">Canton</normalizedToken>
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Valladolid,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Parroquía">Parroquia</normalizedToken>
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Vallodolid, road between Valladolid and El Porvenir del Carmen, ca. 3 km from Valladolid en route to Tapala, 1600-1650 m, 4°33'27"S, 79°07'50"W, 1 April 2005 (fl), L.Bohs et al. 3380 (QCNE, UT); road between Zumba and Amaluza, 8-10 km W of Zumba, 1500-1700 m, 4°50'07"S, 79°09'50"W, 31 March 2005 (fl, fr), L.Bohs et al. 3367 (QCNE, LOJA, UT); along road between Zumba and Vilcabamba, 57.9 km N of Zumba, 9.2 km S of Santa Ana, 6.3 km N of Palanda, 4°36'39"S, 79°07'42"W, 1243 m, 28 July 2004 (fr), T.Croat 92480 (BM).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Peru:</emphasis>
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Cajamarca: Prov. San Ignacio, Dist. San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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de Lourdes, caserio Rumichina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="limité">limite</normalizedToken>
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con caserio Naranjos, 5°54'04"S, 78°36'09"W, 1811 m, 24 June 2006 (fr), J.Perea & V.Flores 2407 (BM); Prov. San Ignacio, Dist. San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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de Lourdes, bosque alrededor de la comunidad, 5°06'16"S, 78°51'11"W, 1860 m, 10 October 2006 (fr), J.Perea & V.Flores 2799 (BM); Prov. San Ignacio, approximately km 115 on road from Jaen to San Ignacio, east side of hills dividing San Ignacio and Rio Chinchipe, 5°06'53"S, 78°59'16"W, 711 m, 17 December 2007 (fl, fr), S. Stern et al. 177 (BM, NY, USM, UT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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The plurifoliate sympodial units, ferruginous to reddish tomentum with stellate-glandular hairs, and large berries with large seeds and a pubescent exocarp identify
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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as a member of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Solanum</taxonomicName>
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sect.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Whalen ex A.Child" authorityYear="1998" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Erythrotrichum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Erythrotrichum</taxonomicName>
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. Additionally, parsimony analyses of sequence data from three molecular markers (nuclear ITS and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">waxy</emphasis>
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or GBSSI and chloroplast
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">trnT-F</emphasis>
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) place
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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in this section; however, the relationships within the group are incompletely resolved due to a lack of taxon sampling and require further study (S. Stern and L. Bohs, unpub. data). The inflorescence structure of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
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, being branched with both hermaphroditic and staminate flowers, would place it in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Agra’s">Agra's</normalizedToken>
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(2008) subsect.
|
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<taxonomicName genus="Rhytidoandrum" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">Rhytidoandrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Agra; however, this relationship has not been tested phylogenetically using molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Of the 23 species of sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whalen ex A.Child" authorityYear="1998" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Erythrotrichum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Erythrotrichum</taxonomicName>
|
||
that Agra (2008) recognized, only three occur in Peru, with one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Agra" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urubambaense">Solanum urubambaense</taxonomicName>
|
||
Agra, endemic to southern Peru in the area around Cuzco.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from the two members of sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whalen ex A.Child" authorityYear="1998" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Erythrotrichum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Erythrotrichum</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in northern Peru and southern Ecuador by a number of characters. It shares a similar vegetative appearance with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Agra" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megaspermum">Solanum megaspermum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Agra, especially regarding habit, pubescence, and leaf shape; however,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Agra" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megaspermum">Solanum megaspermum</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more robust inflorescences (> 30 flowers vs. 4-12 flowers in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and larger seeds (5-5.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2-3 mm vs. 3-5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-3.5 mm in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
also shares many characteristics with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutinum">Solanum velutinum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, including a scandent habit, similar pubescence, and similar-sized white corollas, but
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a branched inflorescence that can reach 20 cm versus inflorescences to 6 cm long in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutinum">Solanum velutinum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The calyx lobes in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Stern" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="achorum">Solanum achorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
are 2-4 mm in length and not foliaceous while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutinum">Solanum velutinum</taxonomicName>
|
||
are commonly over 10 mm long and foliaceous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |