808 lines
95 KiB
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808 lines
95 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.984.52252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="234e441f-49d6-4532-80b5-c20dac25771a" ID-PMC="PMC7658187" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-984-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AB8990636018519D824D455D3528A162" ID-PubMed="33223867" ID-ZooBank="3BD22689146D4E3B9CFE6ACFB58F2778" ModsDocID="1313-2970-984-23" checkinTime="1604561375438" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jong Guk & Lee, Jimin" docDate="2020" docId="BB01C12B7EFC567095AF26E857BF3C8F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 984: 23-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 984" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.984.52252" docTitle="Concilicoxa hispida gen. et 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="06ABD568-8291-43BC-8AC7-0A6FE8F9BECC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="AB8990636018519D824D455D3528A162" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="AB8990636018519D824D455D3528A162" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of Nannopodidae (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Yellow Sea of South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668169739010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new genus and species of Nannopodidae (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Yellow Sea of South Korea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kim, Jong Guk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-9838</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Jimin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">leejm@kiost.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>984</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.984.52252</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.984.52252</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-984-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3BD22689146D4E3B9CFE6ACFB58F2778</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">AB8990636018519D824D455D3528A162</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168756117" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06ABD568-8291-43BC-8AC7-0A6FE8F9BECC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB01C12B7EFC567095AF26E857BF3C8F" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="BB01C12B-7EFC-5670-95AF-26E857BF3C8F" authority="gen. et" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida" status="sp. nov.">Concilicoxa hispida gen. et</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A) A antennule. Male allotype (B) B antennule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471122" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype A P 2, anterior B protopod of P 2, lateral C P 3, anterior D protopod of P 3, lateral E P 4, anterior F protopod of P 4, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471125" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">, 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Off the Socheongcho Ocean Research Station (SORS) (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.16" value="37.432545">37°25'57.16"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="56.4" value="124.74899">124°44'56.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in the Yellow Sea of South Korea, sandy sediments, 68 m depth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Holotype</emphasis>
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: SOUTH KOREA•♀ dissected and mounted on 11 slides; the Yellow Sea, off SORS;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.16" value="37.432545">37°25'57.16"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="56.4" value="124.74899">124°44'56.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 68 m depth; 23 Mar 2018; Kim, J.G. leg.; sandy sediments; cat. MInRB-Hr59-S001.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Allotype</emphasis>
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: SOUTH KOREA•♂ dissected and mounted on 11 slides; same data as for holotype; cat. MInRB-Hr59-S002.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: SOUTH KOREA•3♀♀2♂♂ dissected and mounted on 11 or 12 slides each; same data as for holotype; cat. MInRB-Hr59-S003-MInRB-Hr59-S007•3♀♀2♂♂ preserved together in 95% ethanol; same data as for holotype; cat. MInRB-Hr59-L001.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Other material for SEM.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">SOUTH KOREA•2♀♀1♂ on a stub for SEM; same data as for holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description of holotype female</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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(MInRB-Hr59-S001). Total body length 617
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(measurement based on holotype and six paratypes: range = 530-626
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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; mean = 588
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">n</emphasis>
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= 7); maximum width 86
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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measured at the middle of cephalothorax. Body (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">8A</figureCitation>
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) subcylindrical, slightly depressed, without distinct constriction between prosome and urosome; prosome slightly longer than urosome. Rostrum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2C</figureCitation>
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) well-developed, triangular, reaching distal fourth of first antennular segment, defined from cephalothorax basally, with 1 pair of sensilla laterally and 1 median anterior pore ventrally; lateral margins convex proximally. Cephalothorax nearly square in dorsal aspect, slightly wider than long; integument covered with paired sensilla, several round depressions and irregular wrinkles (visible at high magnification, 1,000
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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; see insert in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A</figureCitation>
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); posterior margin ornamented with short and fine setules; arthrodial membrane of first pedigerous somite visible dorsally and laterally. Tergites of somites with surface ornamentation composed of 1-3 transverse furrows, with 1 mid pore (absent in penultimate and anal somites) and 1 pair of lateral pores (absent in penultimate somite); posterior margins with several paired sensilla (absent in penultimate somite); hyaline frills weak, with 1 row of long setules posteriorly except for anal somite. Genital somite and first abdominal somite fused ventrally forming genital double-somite, but original segmentation indicated by internal chitinous rib dorsally and laterally; genital field (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3A, D</figureCitation>
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) with 1 large copulatory pore on midventral depression posterior to genital slit; genital slit reverse U-shaped, covered by 1 pair of large opercula derived from P6 on both sides; P6 represented by 1 long and 1 small seta, with 1 row of spinules subdistally; single midventral egg sac carrying 6 large eggs, as long as 1/4 of total body length. Anal somite (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3A, B</figureCitation>
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) with 1 pair of dorsal sensilla near base of operculum, 1 row of long setules on both ventrolateral margins; operculum semicircular, with smooth distal margin; anal opening with lateral row of small posterior spinules on each side; anal opening with 3 fringes of fine setules (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-C</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
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habitus, lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
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rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Caudal rami (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3A-C</figureCitation>
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) elongate, oval, about 2.4 times as long as largest width, twice as long as anal somite; with a notch in mid-outer margin below caudal setae I and II; anterior half with a row of outer setules ventrolaterally; distal half with non-chitinous lateral margin; with 7 setae: seta I small naked, inserted in mid-length of outer margin ventrolaterally; seta II dorsal to and closely set to seta I, naked, longer than seta I; seta III naked, as long as seta II, arising from subdistal peduncle with 1 tube pore basally (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3C</figureCitation>
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); seta IV small, naked, slightly longer than setae II and III, fused to principal seta V basally; principal seta V well-developed, slightly longer than caudal ramus, ornamented with outer spinules distally; seta VI naked, as long as seta IV, inserted in outer distal corner; dorsal seta VII naked, tri-articulate at base, arising subdistally close to inner margin.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-D</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
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urosome, ventral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
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anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
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caudal ramus, ventral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
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genital field, ventral. Male allotype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
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urosome, ventral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Antennule (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A) A antennule. Male allotype (B) B antennule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471122" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, 4-segmented. First segment largest, elongate, as long as distal two segments combined, with 1 small naked seta subdistally; inner margin with short row of spinules subdistally; outer margin convex, with longitudinal row of minute spinules. Second segment smallest, with 3 bi-articulate and 5 naked setae; outer margin with 1 weak protuberance. Third segment about twice as long as second one, gradually widening distally; lateral margin with 3 bi-articulate and 3 naked setae; inner distal corner with 3 peduncles, of which two with 1 apical seta each, and one bearing 1 apical seta fused to basally to 1 ae. Distal segment as long as preceding one, tapering distally; lateral margins with 6 bi-articulate and 3 naked setae; distal margin with 1 naked seta and 1 acrothek composed of 1 ae and 2 bare setae. Setal armature as follows: 1-[1], 2-[8], 3-[8+ (1 + ae)], 4-[10 + acrothek].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471122" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
antennule. Male allotype (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
antennule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Antenna (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with small, unornamented coxa (not shown). Allobasis elongate, 2.8 times as long as wide, exopod represented by 1 naked seta issuing at proximal third; abexopodal seta absent. Free endopodal segment with 1 short row of spinules subdistally and 1 surface frill distally; lateral armature composed of 2 weakly-serrate setae; distal armature comprising 1 small and 1 stout spine, 3 geniculate setae, innermost one of which fused basally to 1 small naked seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov., female holotype.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
antenna (lacking coxa)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
mandible
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
maxillule
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
maxilla
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
maxilliped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Mandibular coxa (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
) slender, with 1 bulge and 1 row of spinules proximally; gnathobase well-developed, with 1 bicuspid and 3 unicuspid teeth, 1 small spinule and 1 unipinnate seta. Palp well-developed, uniramous; basis elongate, covered with rows of spinules, with 1 plumose seta distally; endopod 2-segmented, with 1 long plumose seta on proximal segment and 1 subapical and 2 apical setae on distal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Maxillule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Praecoxa with 1 row of outer spinules; arthrite with 1 naked seta on anterior surface and 7 spines on distal margin and ornamented with few long spinules on distal margin, 1 row of small spinules on dorsal margin and several spinules on posterior surface. Coxa armed with 1 row of outer spinules; endite elongate, with 2 elements distally and 1 row of small spinules laterally. Basis broad, with 2 endites: distal endite with 1 subapical and 3 apical setae; proximal endite incorporated into basis, represented by 2 long naked setae. Endopod incorporated into basis, represented by 3 long naked setae. Exopod 1-segmented, small, with 1 short and 1 long naked seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Maxilla (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Syncoxa armed with 1 row of stout spinules and 1 row of setules along outer margin, 1 row of minute spinules on surface and 1 patch of spinules near inner margin; with 2 coxal endites: proximal endite with 1 long naked seta and 1 short unipinnate seta (fused to endite basally); distal endite with 2 long naked setae and 1 unipinnate seta (fused to endite basally). Allobasis drawn out into strong claw with 2 accompanying naked setae and few spinules. Endopod incorporated into basis, represented by 2 long naked setae fused basally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Maxilliped (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype. A antenna (lacking coxa) B mandible C maxillule D maxilla E maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471123" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">5E</figureCitation>
|
||
) enlarged. Syncoxa elongate, ornamented with 1 group of spinules proximally. Basis elongate, about 3.4 times as long as maximum width, with 1 row of outer spinules proximally. Endopod drawn out into long and geniculate claw bearing 1 small accessory seta proximally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P1 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Praecoxa large, triangular, unornamented. Intercoxal sclerite broad, unornamented. Coxa wide, with outer margin forming 1 large and coarsely-serrated projection. Basis with 1 anterior pore and few spinules proximally; inner pedestal well-developed, with serrate distal margin; outer seta plumose, bi-articulated basally, arising from setophore ornamented with 1 row of small spinules at its base; inner seta naked, arising anteriorly, with 1 group of small spinules at its base. Exopod 2-segmented, short, about 0.3 times as long as enp-1; exp-1 with 1 naked outer seta and 1 row of stout outer spinules; exp-2 with 1 small naked seta and 1 stout unispinulose seta on outer margin and 1 short naked and 1 long geniculate seta on distal margin; anterior surface with 1 small pore. Endopod prehensile, 2-segmented; enp-1 elongate, 3.7 times as long as largest width, ornamented with 1 row of small spinules along outer margin and few long inner spinules; enp-2 short, slightly longer than wide, ornamented with few inner spinules and armed with 1 stout, recurved distal claw and 1 long flexible outer seta, of which distal half with very thin cuticular inner lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-B</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
P1, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
P5, anterior. Female paratype (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
abnormality of P2, anterior. Male allotype (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D-F</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
P3, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
P5, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
P6, anterior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P2-P4 (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype A P 2, anterior B protopod of P 2, lateral C P 3, anterior D protopod of P 3, lateral E P 4, anterior F protopod of P 4, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471125" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">7A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">8B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Protopods composed of praecoxa, coxa and basis. Praecoxae small, ornamented with 2 rows of spinules. Intercoxal sclerites large, broad, separate in P2, fused to coxae laterally in P3 and P4 (see arrowheads in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">8B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Coxae wide, with 1, 3 and 2 groups of spinules on anterior surface in P2-P4, respectively; outer margin drawn out into an elongate and coarsely-serrated projection. Bases wide, with 1 pore on anterior surface; outer setophore elongate, ornamented with 1 row of spinules basally, non-articulated in P2 with 1 plumose seta, bi-articulated in P3 and P4, with 1 naked seta; inner distal corner (near base of inner ramus) with 1 group of spinules. Exopod 1-segmented, ornamented with rows of spinules along outer and distal margins; with 4 stout outer spines, of which proximal one uniserrate and ornamented with 2 rows of setules, others pinnate; distal outer spines of P4 strongly pinnate. Endopod absent in P2, represented by 1 small unarmed protuberance in P3 and 1-segmented, ornamented with distal spinules and armed with 1 stout pinnate distal spine in P4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471125" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov., female holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
P2, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
protopod of P2, lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
P3, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
protopod of P3, lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
P4, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
protopod of P4, lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P5 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Baseoendopod broad, with 1 anterior pore, ornamented with rows of spinules along distal and inner margins; endopodal lobe weak, with 1 plumose distal seta; outer setophore articulate, with 1 long naked seta. Exopod small, with 3 pinnate setae and 1 naked seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(allotype MInRB-Hr59-S002). Total body length slightly shorter than in female, 525
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(measurement based on allotype and 4 paratypes: range = 485-556
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; mean = 512
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, n = 5); body (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly more slender than in female, maximum width 74
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
measured at the middle of cephalothorax; urosome 6-segmented, comprising P5-bearing somite, genital somite, 3 abdominal somites and anal somite; penultimate somite slightly shorter than its width, without lateral ornamentation. Caudal rami (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
) parallel, rectangular, more slender than in female; inner margin straight, outer margin slightly convex; outer margins unornamented, with clear cuticular inner line; additional large pore present on ventral surface; seta III issuing from subdistal lateral margin ventrally; set of setae I and II issuing from proximal third of outer margin; seta V slightly shorter than urosome (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Antennule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A) A antennule. Male allotype (B) B antennule." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471122" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
) chirocerate, 5-segmented. First segment elongate, with 1 short naked seta subdistally; inner margin with few small spinules; outer margin convex, with 1 row of minute spinules. Second segment slightly longer than wide, with 2 bi-articulate and 7 naked setae and 1 minute protuberance. Third segment partially separated into two parts; proximal one with 2 bi-articulate and 6 naked setae; distal part with 2 setae. Fourth segment swollen, with 1 medial protuberance, 4 naked surface setae and 3 well-developed posterior penduncles: one proximal and one medial peduncle with 1 long naked apical seta each; subdistal peduncle with 1 long naked seta fused to 1 long ae basally. Distal segment elongate, slightly recurved distally, hook-shaped, with 2 naked and 6 bi-articulate setae laterally, 1 long naked seta distally and 1 acrothek composed of 1 ae and 2 naked setae fused basally. Setal armature as follows: 1-[1], 2-[9], 3-[10], 4-[6 + (1 + ae)], 5-[10 + acrothek].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P3 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in female, except for 1-segmented endopod with 1 stout distal spine bearing 2 pointed lateral processes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P5 (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6E</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in female except for anterior ornamentation with 2 rows of minute spinules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
P6 (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6F</figureCitation>
|
||
) asymmetrical (one side completely fused to genital somite basally, other side articulated at base), each represented by a plate bearing 3 plumose setae and 1 row of minute spinules distally on inner extension.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Spermatophore as long as 4/5 length of P5-bearing and genital somites combined (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-C) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, lateral C rostrum, dorsal. Male allotype (D) D habitus, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471120" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-D) A urosome, ventral B anal somite and caudal ramus, dorsal C caudal ramus, ventral D genital field, ventral. Male allotype (E) E urosome, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471121" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The species epithet "
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" is derived from the Latin adjective
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="híspĭdus">hispĭdus</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, which means
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘hairy’">'hairy'</normalizedToken>
|
||
and refers to the setulose lateral ornamentation of the anal somite and caudal rami in the female. It is a noun in the feminine singular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="variability">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Variability and abnormality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The investigated individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov. show intraspecific differences in appendage ornamentation. Dense spinular ornamentation was observed on the mandibular basis in one female paratype (MInRB-Hr-59-S003). This paratype also displays fusion of the coxa and basis of the P2 symmetrically (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="George, KH" journalOrPublisher="Vie et Milieu" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="31 - 41" refId="B8" refString="George, KH, 2002. New phylogenetic aspects of the Cristacoxidae Huys (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), including the description of a new genus from the Magellan region. Vie et Milieu 52: 31 - 41" title="New phylogenetic aspects of the Cristacoxidae Huys (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), including the description of a new genus from the Magellan region." volume="52" year="2002">George (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
established the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to accommodate
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. maryamae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="maryamae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. maryamae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Patagonian continental slope (Chile) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. from the Magellan Straits (Chile). He allocated this genus into the family
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Cristacoxidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Cristacoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys, 1990, based on the presence of an outward growth on the coxa of P1, an enlarged maxilliped and atrophy of the antennary exopod and abexopodal seta despite the discrepancies with the following characters of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Cristacoxidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Cristacoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which were defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="79 - 120" refId="B12" refString="Huys, R, 1990. A new family of harpacticoid copepods and an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the Laophontoidea Scott, T. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 60: 79 - 120, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" title="A new family of harpacticoid copepods and an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the Laophontoidea Scott, T." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" volume="60" year="1990">Huys (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: the first antennular segment with an outer spinous process, the absence of the exopod and an abexopodal seta in the antenna, the presence of modified seta on the middle endite of maxillary syncoxa and the single plate P5 with the same setae/spines in both sexes, which is considered as a neotenous origin.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="George, KH" journalOrPublisher="Vie et Milieu" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="31 - 41" refId="B8" refString="George, KH, 2002. New phylogenetic aspects of the Cristacoxidae Huys (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), including the description of a new genus from the Magellan region. Vie et Milieu 52: 31 - 41" title="New phylogenetic aspects of the Cristacoxidae Huys (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), including the description of a new genus from the Magellan region." volume="52" year="2002">George (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Cristacoxidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Cristacoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be divided into two lineages: a plesiomorphic group comprising only
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a derived group composed of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Noodtorthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noodtorthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Noodtorthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lang, 1965,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petkovski" authorityYear="1977" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Cubanocleta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cubanocleta" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cubanocleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Petkovski, 1977 and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="1990" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Cristacoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cristacoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cristacoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys, 1990 [the latter was considered as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Noodtorthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noodtorthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Noodtorthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1880" family="Nannopodidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Nannopodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on a re-evaluation of the three fundamental morphological differences between the two groups suggested by George, with their newly-erected genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the family
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1880" family="Nannopodidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Nannopodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Laophontisochra</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. sensu George, 2002 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. biarticulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biarticulata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. biarticulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys & Kihara, 2010) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. ubatubaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="ubatubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. ubatubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys & Kihara, 2010 from the Brazilian coast. They assumed that both genera differ from the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Cristacoxidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Cristacoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the following evidence: (1) P1 coxa with a pair of serrated cristae (outer projections) in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Noodtorthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noodtorthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Noodtorthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petkovski" authorityYear="1977" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Cubanocleta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cubanocleta" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cubanocleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. a single non-serrate, lobate or spinulose outgrowth in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (2) maxillipedal endopod represented by a geniculated claw in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. non-geniculated in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Noodtorthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noodtorthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Noodtorthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petkovski" authorityYear="1977" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Cubanocleta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cubanocleta" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cubanocleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (3) antennary exopod consistently absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1965" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Noodtorthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Noodtorthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Noodtorthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petkovski" authorityYear="1977" class="Hexanauplia" family="Cristacoxidae" genus="Cubanocleta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cubanocleta" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cubanocleta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. atrophied in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 34). In addition,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more closely related to both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Poppe" authorityYear="1884" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Huntemannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huntemannia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Huntemannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells" authorityYear="1985" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Rosacletodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rosacletodes" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Rosacletodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to the cristacoxid genera, in that they share the presence of a coxal projection on the P1-P4 (vs. the plesiomorphic state of this character expressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which lacks the coxal processes in the P2-P4).
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.725138" author="Corgosinho, PHC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="2865 - 2879" refId="B5" refString="Corgosinho, PHC, 2012. Talpacoxa brandini gen. et sp. nov. a new Nannopodidae Brady, 1880 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from submersed sands of Pontal do Sul (Parana, Brazil). Journal of Natural History 46: 2865 - 2879, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.725138" title="Talpacoxa brandini gen. et sp. nov. a new Nannopodidae Brady, 1880 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from submersed sands of Pontal do Sul (Parana, Brazil)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.725138" volume="46" year="2012">Corgosinho (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
created the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Corgosinho" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Talpacoxa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Talpacoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Talpacoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was first mentioned as "Genus X" by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and revealed close relationships amongst the genera of the nannopodid clade-
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Poppe" authorityYear="1884" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Huntemannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huntemannia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Huntemannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells" authorityYear="1985" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Rosacletodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rosacletodes" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Rosacletodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Corgosinho" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Talpacoxa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Talpacoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Talpacoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-supported by three synapomorphies that are likely morphological adaptations to a burrowing lifestyle: (1) P1 coxa with an outer projection; (2) the P2-P4 exopods one- or two-segmented; and (3) the P2-P4 endopods one-segmented or vestigial.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1880" family="Nannopodidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Nannopodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because, as a member of the nannopodid clade, it exhibits the burrowing adaptation of the thoracopods.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. appears to be closely related to both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that they share four-segmented female antennules with elongate first segments, the prehensile P1 endopod, the presence of coxal outer projection on the P1, large and broad intercoxal sclerites on the P2-P4, the general shape of the female genital field (with a large copulatory pore and a well-developed operculum derived from P6) and elongate caudal rami. However, the novel genus is easily distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the distal armature of the antennary endopod with three geniculate and three non-geniculate elements (vs. four geniculate and two non-geniculate elements in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the presence of coxal outer projections in the P2-P4 (vs. absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and one-segmented exopods in the P2-P4 (vs. two-segmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The new genus is also different from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of the P2 endopod (vs. one-segmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a serrate coxal outer projection in the P1-P4 (vs. acute in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the female P5 exopod and baseoendopod separate (vs. fused into a single plate in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
In contrast to a close resemblance with both genera in habitus and thoracopod morphology,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. displays unambiguous autapomorphies that require the formation of a new genus: (1) the loss of the mandibular exopod, as observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Poppe" authorityYear="1884" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Huntemannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huntemannia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Huntemannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is more derived than the exopod represented by a single seta; (2) the mandibular endopod is two-segmented, which seems to be secondarily divided, comparing to other related genera with only one-segmented endopod; (3) the P1exp-2 comprises a total of only four elements, but five or six setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="George" authorityYear="2002" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Laophontisochra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laophontisochra" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Laophontisochra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys & Kihara" authorityYear="2010" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Acuticoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acuticoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Acuticoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively (in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. terueae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="terueae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. terueae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this segment was described as having one lateral and three terminal setae, but was depicted as having three outer and three terminal elements; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-64972014000200002" author="Bjoernberg, T" journalOrPublisher="Nauplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="75 - 90" refId="B1" refString="Bjoernberg, T, 2014. Three new species of benthonic Harpacticoida (Copepoda, Crustacea) from Sao Sebastiao Channel. Nauplius 22: 75 - 90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-64972014000200002" title="Three new species of benthonic Harpacticoida (Copepoda, Crustacea) from Sao Sebastiao Channel." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-64972014000200002" volume="22" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Björnberg">Bjoernberg</normalizedToken>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 11A); and (4) the intercoxal sclerites of P3 and P4 are laterally fused with the coxae in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype A P 2, anterior B protopod of P 2, lateral C P 3, anterior D protopod of P 3, lateral E P 4, anterior F protopod of P 4, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471125" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">7C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">8B-D</figureCitation>
|
||
), but this fusion has rarely been reported in harpacticoid copepods (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Orthopsyllidae" genus="Orthopsyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthopsyllus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Orthopsyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Orthopsyllidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Orthopsyllidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys, 1990; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="The Ray Society, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B14" refString="Huys, R, Boxshall, GA, 1991. Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London" title="Copepod Evolution." year="1991">Huys and Boxshall 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). By contrast, the presence of the maxillular exopod, as observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Corgosinho" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Talpacoxa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Talpacoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Talpacoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
demonstrates a more plesiomorphic state than the lack of endopod.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa hispida" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
habitus, lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
P3, anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
P4, anterior. Male (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
P3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The males of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. exhibit distinctive potential autapomorphies for the genus as follows: (1) the P3 endopod has a sexual dimorphic distal element that is a robust spine; (2) the shape of P5 is nearly similar to that of the female; and (3) the caudal rami show sexual dimorphisms in the length of caudal seta V, the issuing position of setae I and II and the number of tube pores. However, we could not compare these characters with other related genera, because males of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. maryamae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="maryamae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. maryamae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. ubatubaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="ubatubaensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. ubatubaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain unknown. The sexual dimorphism of thoracopods is one of the most robust characters used to assess the phylogenic relationships between genera and between families because it facilitates comparison of the positions of homologue elements (such as setae or apophyses) of rami in females and males (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="79 - 120" refId="B12" refString="Huys, R, 1990. A new family of harpacticoid copepods and an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the Laophontoidea Scott, T. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 60: 79 - 120, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" title="A new family of harpacticoid copepods and an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the Laophontoidea Scott, T." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06002002" volume="60" year="1990">Huys 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In this nannopodid clade, the known males tend to exhibit differences in morphology of the P3 endopod: (1) the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wells" authorityYear="1985" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Rosacletodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rosacletodes" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Rosacletodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a two-segmented P3 endopod with an elongate inner apophysis on enp-2, instead of a single seta as in the female (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pallares, RE" journalOrPublisher="Contribuciones Cientificas del Centro de Investigacion de Biologia Marina (CIBIMA), Buenos Aires" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 39" refId="B25" refString="Pallares, RE, 1982. Copepodos harpacticoides marinos de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). IV. Bahia Thetis. Contribuciones Cientificas del Centro de Investigacion de Biologia Marina (CIBIMA), Buenos Aires 186: 3 - 39" title="Copepodos harpacticoides marinos de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). IV. Bahia Thetis." volume="186" year="1982">Pallares 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); (2) all known males of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Poppe" authorityYear="1884" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Huntemannia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Huntemannia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Huntemannia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have an additional armature element on the P3 endopod, with no differences in segmentation as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Nannopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nannopus" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nannopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Pontopolites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pontopolites" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Pontopolites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1616.1.3" author="Song, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="37 - 48" refId="B30" refString="Song, SJ, Rho, HS, Kim, W, 2007. A new species of Huntemannia (Copepoda: Harpacticoid : Huntemanniidae) from the Yellow Sea, Korea. Zootaxa 1616: 37 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1616.1.3" title="A new species of Huntemannia (Copepoda: Harpacticoid: Huntemanniidae) from the Yellow Sea, Korea." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1616.1.3" volume="1616" year="2007">Song et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0731-2" author="Karanovic, T" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="367 - 393" refId="B17" refString="Karanovic, T, Cho, J-L, 2018. Second members of the harpacticoid genera Pontopolites and Pseudoleptomesochra (Crustacea, Copepoda) are new species from Korean marine interstitial. Marine Biodiversity 48: 367 - 393, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0731-2" title="Second members of the harpacticoid genera Pontopolites and Pseudoleptomesochra (Crustacea, Copepoda) are new species from Korean marine interstitial." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0731-2" volume="48" year="2018">Karanovic and Cho 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); (3) the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. brandini" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="brandini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">T. brandini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits a distal small apophysis on the one-segmented P3 endopod; and (4) although the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. maryamae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="maryamae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. maryamae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has yet to be discovered, there is no sexual dimorphism on the P3 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. terueae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="terueae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. terueae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose taxonomic position seems to be problematic (see below). The male P3 endopod of the new genus presented herein is one-segmented with a stout spine (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., scanning electron micrograph, female (A-C) A habitus, lateral B P 3, anterior C P 4, anterior. Male (D) D P 3, anterior. Arrowheads indicate fusion of coxa and intercoxal sclerite." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471126" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas the female P3 endopod is represented by an unarmed protrusion. Such diverse sexual dimorphism of the P3 endopod prevents deeper insight into the systematic position of this clade within the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1880" family="Nannopodidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Nannopodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We hypothesise that the lack of original outer element on the female P3 endopod in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. maryamae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="maryamae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">L. maryamae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hispida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C. hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov. leads to the absence of the sexual dimorphic apophysis in the male. In contrast, the presence of a small apophysis on the corresponding ramus in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. brandini" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="brandini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">T. brandini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be derived from a rudimental apical seta in the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Harpacticoids generally display sexual dimorphism in the size, shape and setae of the male P5. However, no sexual dimorphism has been observed in the male P5 of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martinez Arbizu & Moura" authorityYear="1994" family="Arenopontiidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Arenopontiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Arbizu & Moura, 1994 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez Arbizu, P" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Beitraege, Neue Folge" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="55 - 77" refId="B23" refString="Martinez Arbizu, P, Moura, G, 1994. The phylogenetic position of the Cylindropsyllinae Sars (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) and the systematic status of the Leptopontiinae Lang. Zoologische Beitraege, Neue Folge 35: 55 - 77" title="The phylogenetic position of the Cylindropsyllinae Sars (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) and the systematic status of the Leptopontiinae Lang." volume="35" year="1994">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Arbizu and Moura 1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, both sexes bear the same number of setae/spines on the P5 of some taxa, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Metidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Metidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boeck, 1873,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Huys" authorityYear="1988" family="Rotundiclipeidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Rotundiclipeidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys, 1988,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ectinosomatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sars, 1903 and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Cristacoxidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Cristacoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Huys, 1990 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Stygologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="42 - 63" refId="B11" refString="Huys, R, 1988. Rotundiclipeidae fam. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from an anchihaline cave on Tenerife, Canary Islands. Stygologia 4: 42 - 63" title="Rotundiclipeidae fam. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from an anchihaline cave on Tenerife, Canary Islands." volume="4" year="1988">Huys 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fiers, F" journalOrPublisher="Belgian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="37 - 51" refId="B7" refString="Fiers, F, 1992. Metis reducta n. sp. and Laubiera tercera n. sp. (Harpacticoida, Metidae) from the southern coast of Papua New Guinea. Belgian Journal of Zoology 122: 37 - 51" title="Metis reducta n. sp. and Laubiera tercera n. sp. (Harpacticoida, Metidae) from the southern coast of Papua New Guinea." volume="122" year="1992">Fiers 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00118.x" author="Clement, M" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="247 - 306" refId="B4" refString="Clement, M, Moore, CG, 1995. A revision of the genus Halectinosoma (Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae): a reappraisal of H. sarsi (Boeck) and related species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 114: 247 - 306, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00118.x" title="A revision of the genus Halectinosoma (Harpacticoida, Ectinosomatidae): a reappraisal of H. sarsi (Boeck) and related species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00118.x" volume="114" year="1995">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Clément">Clement</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Moore 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" author="Huys, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 38" refId="B16" refString="Huys, R, Kihara, TC, 2010. Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review. Zootaxa 2568: 1 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" title="Systematics and phylogeny of Cristacoxidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida): a review." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2568.1.1" volume="2568" year="2010">Huys and Kihara 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Except for
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Ectinosomatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Ectinosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the P5 of these families is remarkably reduced or represented by a single plate in both sexes. Although this sexual dimorphism is observed in other nannopodid genera, the structure of this leg in our new taxon is very similar in both sexes, except for micro-ornamentation, such as cuticular spinules and pores (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov., female holotype (A-B) A P 1, anterior B P 5, anterior. Female paratype (C) C abnormality of P 2, anterior. Male allotype (D-F) D P 3, anterior E P 5, anterior F P 6, anterior." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.984.52252.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471124" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">6B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. expresses rare sexual dimorphisms in the shape of the caudal rami (oval in the female, but rectangular in the male), the length of caudal seta V (slightly longer than the caudal ramus in the female, but slightly shorter than the urosome in the male), the number of pores on the surface (one pore in the female vs. two pores in the male) and the lateral ornamentation (the presence of a row of long setules proximally in the female vs. absent in the male). These sexual dimorphisms could support the erection of a new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kim & Lee" authorityYear="2020" class="Hexanauplia" family="Nannopodidae" genus="Concilicoxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Concilicoxa" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Concilicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |