279 lines
18 KiB
XML
279 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio & Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>222</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>75</mods:start>
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<mods:end>127</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName LSID="76FE595F-BCE6-5E86-89C9-9D7A88B3B36F" authority="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityName="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus" status="sp. nov.">Costus convexus Maas & D.Skinner</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus convexus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner A plant in habitat with Eugenio Valderrama (left) and Chelsea Specht (right) B inflorescence C inflorescence with scale D upper leaves wrapping around and hiding the inflorescence E close-up of inflorescence F bract (left) and flower (right) detail. Photo in A taken in the wild prior to pressing Maas 10707, Putumayo, Colombia B, C plant observed in Putumayo, Colombia D-F plant observed in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Photo A by Paul Maas B-F by Dave Skinner." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828349" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">10</figureCitation>
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) shares with
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. glaucus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. glaucus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Maas the presence of glaucous shoots and leaves especially in young plants, but differs from that species by a globose inflorescence enveloped by the upper leaves and by the presence of distinctly convex bracts.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828349" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus convexus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Maas & D.Skinner
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
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plant in habitat with Eugenio Valderrama (left) and Chelsea Specht (right)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
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inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
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inflorescence with scale
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
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upper leaves wrapping around and hiding the inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
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close-up of inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
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bract (left) and flower (right) detail. Photo in
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
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taken in the wild prior to pressing
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Maas 10707</emphasis>
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, Putumayo, Colombia
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B, C</emphasis>
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plant observed in Putumayo, Colombia
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D-F</emphasis>
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plant observed in Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador. Photo
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
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by Paul Maas
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B-F</emphasis>
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by Dave Skinner.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-17" collectorName="Maas, Valderrama, Specht, Erkens, Rodriguez" country="Colombia" elevation="360" location="Maas-van de Kamer" municipality="Puerto Umbria" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Putumayo" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Putumayo">Putumayo</collectingRegion>
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:
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<locationDeviation location="Villagarzon">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
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S of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Villagarzón">Villagarzon</normalizedToken>
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</locationDeviation>
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on road to
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<collectingMunicipality>Puerto Umbria</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="360.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2018-07-17">17 Jul 2018</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<collectorName>Maas</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76FE595FBCE65E8689C99D7A88B3B36F:130ACD8FD54223160B9DE6B2B210C6CF" country="Colombia" municipality="Puerto Umbria" name="Maas-van de Kamer" stateProvince="Putumayo">Maas-van de Kamer</location>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<collectorName>Valderrama</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<collectorName>Specht</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<collectorName>Erkens</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName>Rodriguez</collectorName>
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10707
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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. L, 2 sheets)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
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3-5 m tall, young shoots and young leaves glaucous.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
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sheaths ca. 20 mm diam; ligule truncate to obliquely truncate, 20-45 mm long; petiole 20-22 mm long, blushed in pink; sheaths, ligule and petiole glabrous; lamina narrowly elliptic, 31- 57
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12-16 cm, adaxially pale green and glabrous, abaxially green or purple in very young plants, glabrous to sparsely puberulous, base acute to slightly cordate, apex acuminate (acumen ca. 15 mm long).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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globose to ovoid, 8-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-8 cm, wrapped tightly by the upper leaves, terminating a leafy shoot; bracts, bracteole, calyx, ovary, and capsule glabrous.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
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adaxially oriented to erect; bracts distinctly convex, reddish on the outer margins, greenish at the centre, coriaceous, ovate, 55-65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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40-45 mm, apex obtuse, callus green, indistinct; bracteole boat-shaped, 40-45 mm long; calyx red, 15-25 mm long, lobes shallowly triangular to deltate, 4-10 mm long; corolla deep pink, 80-85 mm long, glabrous, lobes 50-60 mm long; labellum yellow, distal edge horizontally spreading, broadly obovate, 60-70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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60-70 mm, lateral lobes strongly striped with pink or red, middle lobe reflexed, with yellow honey mark, margin irregularly dentate to lobulate; stamen dark pink, 30-40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12-15 mm, not exceeding the labellum, apex obtuse, anther 12-15 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
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ellipsoid, 12-30 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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Colombia (Putumayo), Ecuador (Morona-Santiago, Zamora-Chinchipe) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas & H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas & H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas & D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas & H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas & H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas & H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas & H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas & D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas & H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">21H</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">In forests, in open shade or sunny areas, often found along roadsides and other disturbed areas, at elevations of 360-1500 m. Flowering year-round.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus convexus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. is named for the form of the bracts, which are distinctly convex; thus, the epithet convexus, an adjective meaning "convex or curved outwards" in Latin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Colombia. Putumayo</emphasis>
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: road to Pto.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guzmán">Guzman</normalizedToken>
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, 300 m,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R3467.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Ecuador. Morona-Santiago</emphasis>
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: near Mendez, 856 m, 17 Oct 2009, Skinner R3196.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Zamora-Chinchipe</emphasis>
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: Zamora-Loja road, 1200-1500 m. 3 Feb 1990,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Madsen & Knudsen 86796</emphasis>
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(AAU, QCNE); Quebrada del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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, affluent of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Bombuscara, S of Zamora, 1100 m, 5 Feb 1989,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">llgaard et al. 90385</emphasis>
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(AAU, MO), near entrance to P. N. Podocarpus, 970 m,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R3331</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
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Plants of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas & D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus convexus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. can grow to be huge plants, up to 5 m tall, with large inflorescences and flowers. The younger shoots and leaves usually have a glaucous covering making them appear similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. glaucus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. glaucus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Maas but having an inflorescence with distinctly convex bracts that are reddish or pink instead of the pale green and glaucous bracts in
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. glaucus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. glaucus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is also characterized by having upper leaves that wrap tightly around and, in doing so, completely hide the young inflorescence.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">This new species is observed to be very common along the eastern flanks of the mountains from Putumayo, Colombia, south through Ecuador to Zamora-Chinchipe. Many more recent observations of this new species are recorded on iNaturalist.com in Napo and Pastaza, Ecuador.</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |