617 lines
69 KiB
XML
617 lines
69 KiB
XML
<document id="97FF05BF6CADB4C527A722BD0179F958" ID-DOI="10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1538" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5412583" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630355012406" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile & Geraads, Denis" docDate="2010" docId="4C1D87C7962DDA5EFC3DFB1DFB18FC5A" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.2010.62.1.157-184.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 62 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1538" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6.2:RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Agapornis atlanticus Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads 2010, n.sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="B024FFBF963FDA4BFFE3FFFEFFD7FFB2" masterDocTitle="The Upper Pliocene Avifauna of Ahl al Oughlam, Morocco. Systematics and Biogeography" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="175" updateTime="1699243425501" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8B568FFE4DCA39A5F68BC6672E2021A8">The Upper Pliocene Avifauna of Ahl al Oughlam, Morocco. Systematics and Biogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="09A2604BAA229BD394DF6C009E2CEB68">Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3E6B74576C23823F156D1ABCD55B948">Geraads, Denis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A389FE0CBFE6CCBB7D2120CEA5875C2C">Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8A15563CB61E9C893ED3BBF51E3D3D2A">
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<mods:date id="F235DAC842AAEC06ABA547889264DF60">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="83183F4F8AD65D67AD82079DD2498339">2010-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1C2DEC79C82510E27457E358EE2D9519">62</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4C1D87C7962DDA5EFC3DFB1DFB18FC5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C1D87C7962DDA5EFC3DFB1DFB18FC5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C1D87C7962DDA5EFC3DFB1DFB18FC5A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962DDA59FC3DFB1DFAF3FB4F" box="[990,1316,1251,1277]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FC3DFB1DFAF3FB4F" blockId="18.[990,1316,1251,1277]" box="[990,1316,1251,1277]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<heading id="9F4381BD962DDA59FC3DFB1DFAF3FB4F" box="[990,1316,1251,1277]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC3DFB1DFAF3FB4F" bold="true" box="[990,1316,1251,1277]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962DDA59FC3DFB1DFB37FB4F" authority="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads, 2010" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[990,1248,1251,1277]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC3DFB1DFB37FB4F" bold="true" box="[990,1248,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="EDF357B8962DDA59FB04FB1DFAF3FB4F" box="[1255,1316,1251,1277]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962DDA59FBA2FAE6FB17FA80" box="[1089,1216,1304,1330]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FBA2FAE6FB17FA80" blockId="18.[1089,1216,1304,1330]" box="[1089,1216,1304,1330]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<figureCitation id="5C8F2A54962DDA59FBA2FAE6FB17FA80" box="[1089,1216,1304,1330]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="19.[121,184,1882,1903]" captionTargetBox="[121,1421,151,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-9@19.[121,1421,151,1869]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 5. Otis sp. size Otis tarda, A–B: (A) right ulna, proximal part, AaO-766, cranial view: (B) right ulna, distal part, AaO-767, ventral view.Chlamydotis sp. cf. C. mesetaria, C–E: (C) right tarsometatarsus, proximal part and shaft,AaO-2644, caudal view; (D) idem, cranial view; (E) idem, proximal view. cf. Lophotis sp., F–G: (F) right coracoid, almost complete,AaO-768, dorsal view; (G) idem, ventral view. (H) Columba sp. cf. C. pisana, right humerus, distal part and shaft,AaO-2672, cranial view. (I) Catharacta sp. cf. C. skua, right humerus, distal part and shaft, AaO-4793, cranial view. … [caption continued on facing page]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5412597/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Fig. 5N–Q</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962DDA59FCA4FAAAFC52F8CE" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FCA4FAAAFAAAFADE" blockId="18.[839,1467,1364,2004]" box="[839,1405,1364,1388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FCA4FAAAFC78FADE" bold="true" box="[839,943,1364,1388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<typeStatus id="1B0F8873962DDA59FCA4FAAAFC78FADE" box="[839,943,1364,1388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Almost complete right humerus AaO-786.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FC86FA8CFBE1FA76" blockId="18.[839,1467,1364,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC86FA8CFB88FA38" bold="true" box="[869,1119,1394,1418]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Horizon and locality</emphasis>
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. Late Pliocene, age about 2.5 Ma, Ahl al Oughlam, southeast boundary of the city of Casablanca,
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<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962DDA59FC2DFA53FBE5FA76" box="[974,1074,1453,1476]" name="Morocco" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FC86FA34FB61F923" blockId="18.[839,1467,1364,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC86FA34FC01FA50" bold="true" box="[869,982,1482,1506]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<typeStatus id="1B0F8873962DDA59FC86FA34FC01FA50" box="[869,982,1482,1506]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Incomplete right humeri, AaO-788, 789, 791, 2670; right humeri, proximal part, AaO-784, 790, 793, 800; right humeri, distal part, AaO-794, 2700, 2701, 2702, 4812; left humeri, AaO-785, 2671; left humeri, almost complete, AaO-783, 787, 853, 854; left humeri, distal part, AaO-2703, 2704, 2705, 2706. The humeri AaO-790, 794, 2700, and 4812 show a deposit of medullary bone.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FC86F969FC52F8CE" blockId="18.[839,1467,1364,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC86F969FBE7F91D" bold="true" box="[869,1072,1687,1711]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Referred material</emphasis>
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. Right ulnae, proximal part and shaft, AaO-797, proximal part, AaO-4814; right ulnae, distal part, AaO-799, 4816; left ulna, almost complete, AaO-792; left ulnae, proximal part, AaO-795, 796, 4815; left ulna, distal part, AaO-4817; right carpometacarpi, almost complete, AaO-775, 776, 778; right carpometacarpus, proximal part, AaO-798; left carpometacarpi, proximal part, AaO-779, 4813.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962DDA5FFC86F87CFDE1FC6A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962DDA59FC86F87CFA6DF866" blockId="18.[839,1467,1364,2004]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FC86F87CFC0FF828" bold="true" box="[869,984,1922,1946]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Species larger than the Recent or fossil species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962DDA59FBCEF85EFB4BF805" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[1069,1180,1952,1975]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962DDA59FBCEF85EFB4BF805" box="[1069,1180,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Agapornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The humeral head shows a distal extension on the caudal face. On the dorsal side of
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="90CB6659962CDA58FF9AF8A4FC49F868" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5412597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5412597/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" startId="19.[121,184,1882,1903]" targetBox="[121,1421,151,1869]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph id="C40B36D1962CDA58FF9AF8A4FC49F868" blockId="19.[121,1422,1882,2010]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FF36F8A4FEC8F8DD" box="[213,287,1882,1903]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" genus="Otis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Otidiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FF36F8A4FF2AF8DD" box="[213,253,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Otis</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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size
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FEACF8A4FE67F8DD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[335,432,1882,1903]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" genus="Otis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Otidiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tarda">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FEACF8A4FE67F8DD" box="[335,432,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Otis tarda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FE58F8A4FE33F8DD" box="[443,484,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">A–B</emphasis>
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: (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FE1AF8A4FDDFF8DD" box="[505,520,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">A</emphasis>
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) right ulna, proximal part, AaO-766, cranial view: (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FC1BF8A4FBD0F8DD" box="[1016,1031,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">B</emphasis>
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) right ulna, distal part, AaO-767, ventral view.
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FF53F88BFE9DF838" box="[176,330,1909,1930]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" genus="Chlamydotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Otidiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FF53F88BFEFEF838" box="[176,297,1909,1930]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Chlamydotis</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FE88F88BFDCEF838" box="[363,537,1909,1930]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FE88F88BFE30F838" authorityName="Sánchez Marco" authorityYear="1990" box="[363,487,1909,1930]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" genus="Chlamydotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Otidiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mesetaria">C. mesetaria</taxonomicName>
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, C–E
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</emphasis>
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: (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FDCEF88BFDEAF838" box="[557,573,1909,1930]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">C</emphasis>
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) right tarsometatarsus, proximal part and shaft, AaO-2644, caudal view; (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FB10F88BFAD3F838" box="[1267,1284,1909,1930]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">D</emphasis>
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) idem, cranial view; (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FF58F86EFF1DF817" box="[187,202,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">E</emphasis>
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) idem, proximal view. cf.
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FE21F86EFDEEF816" box="[450,569,1935,1957]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" genus="Lophotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Otidiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FE21F86EFDC1F817" box="[450,534,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Lophotis</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FDA1F86EFDB9F817" box="[578,622,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">F–G</emphasis>
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: (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FD61F86EFD46F817" box="[642,657,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">F</emphasis>
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) right coracoid, almost complete, AaO-768, dorsal view; (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FB59F86EFB1CF817" box="[1210,1227,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
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) idem, ventral view. (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FF62F854FF45F80D" box="[129,146,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">H</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FF7CF854FECFF80D" box="[159,280,1962,1983]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Columba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FF7CF854FF20F80D" box="[159,247,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Columba</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FED8F854FE41F80D" baseAuthorityName="Portis" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[315,406,1962,1983]" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Columba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pisana">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FED8F854FE41F80D" box="[315,406,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">C. pisana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, right humerus, distal part and shaft, AaO-2672, cranial view. (
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FC08F854FC24F80D" box="[1003,1011,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">I</emphasis>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FBE3F854FB59F80D" box="[1024,1166,1962,1983]" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Catharacta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FBE3F854FBBAF80D" box="[1024,1133,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Catharacta</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962CDA58FB53F854FB20F80D" authorityName="Brunnich" authorityYear="1764" box="[1200,1271,1962,1983]" class="Aves" family="Stercorariidae" genus="Catharacta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="skua">
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<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962CDA58FB53F854FB20F80D" box="[1200,1271,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">C. skua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, right humerus, distal part and shaft, AaO-4793, cranial view. … [caption continued on facing page]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="90CB6659962BDA5FFEB2FCE7FADBFC9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5412601" box="[337,1292,793,814]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5412601/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" startId="20.[337,400,793,814]" targetBox="[339,1297,160,768]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFEB2FCE7FADBFC9C" blockId="20.[337,1292,793,840]" box="[337,1292,793,814]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Figure 6. Diagram showing the differences between the proximal humerus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFBA1FCE7FADBFC9C" authority="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads, 2010" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[1090,1292,793,814]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">Agapornis atlanticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFEB2FCCDFB2BFCFA" blockId="20.[337,1292,793,840]" box="[337,1276,819,840]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
n.sp., from Ahl al Oughlam, and that of a Recent specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFC46FCCDFB70FCFA" authority=", USNM" authorityName="USNM" box="[933,1191,819,840]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC46FCCDFB82FCFA" box="[933,1109,819,840]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis taranta</emphasis>
|
||
, USNM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
322302.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF45FC5DFDE1FC6A" blockId="20.[166,794,931,1189]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">the humeral head there is a longitudinal ridge which is more developed than in the Recent species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962BDA5FFF26FC23FDDFFC47" box="[197,520,989,1013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF26FC23FDDFFC47" blockId="20.[166,794,931,1189]" box="[197,520,989,1013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF26FC23FEBBFC47" bold="true" box="[197,364,989,1013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
. See
|
||
<tableCitation id="8936036A962BDA5FFE46FC20FDD2FC47" box="[421,517,990,1013]" captionStart="Table 10" captionStartId="21.[121,184,170,194]" captionText="Table 10. Measurements (mm) of fossil Agapornis atlanticus n.sp. from Ahl al Oughlam and Recent Agapornis taranta (s = standard deviation)." pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Table 10</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962BDA5FFF26FC05FD8AFB17" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF26FC05FE4BFBFF" blockId="20.[166,794,931,1189]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF26FC05FE97FBA1" bold="true" box="[197,320,1019,1043]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFEA8FC05FE63FBA0" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[331,436,1019,1042]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFEA8FC05FE63FBA0" box="[331,436,1019,1042]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Atlantic Ocean, because the locality of Ahl al Oughlam was on the Atlantic shore at the time of the deposit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF26FBADFD8AFB17" blockId="20.[166,794,931,1189]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF26FBADFE03FBD9" bold="true" box="[197,468,1107,1131]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Curation of the material</emphasis>
|
||
. The material will be deposited at the Institut National des Sciences de l’Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), in Rabat,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962BDA5FFE16FB70FD8EFB17" box="[501,601,1166,1189]" name="Morocco" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8CAE655A962BDA5EFF45FB36FB18FC5A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF45FB36FA6CFC6A" blockId="20.[166,794,1224,1688]" lastBlockId="20.[839,1468,931,1688]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF45FB36FDD6FB52" bold="true" box="[166,513,1224,1248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Description and comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
. These parrot specimens have been compared with all of the genera that occur in Africa at the present time and which are present in the USNM collection. The fossils can be attributed to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFF45FAC0FEC2FAE7" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[166,277,1342,1365]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF45FAC0FEC2FAE7" box="[166,277,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Among the Recent species of this genus there is a size variation, the smallest one being
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFD8EFAA5FD0AFAC0" authorityName="Shelley" authorityYear="1894" box="[621,733,1371,1394]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD8EFAA5FD0AFAC0" box="[621,733,1371,1394]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. lilianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, then by increasing size
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFE90FA87FEE2FA1F" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFE90FA87FE22FA22" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[371,501,1401,1424]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pullarius">A. pullarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFDE1FA87FD4FFA22" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1887" box="[514,664,1401,1424]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personatus">A. personatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFD46FA87FCC1FA22" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1887" box="[677,790,1401,1424]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fischeri">A. fischeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFF45FA68FEE2FA1F" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[166,309,1430,1453]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseicollis">A. roseicollis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFE94FA68FE31FA1F" box="[375,486,1430,1453]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFE94FA68FE31FA1F" box="[375,486,1430,1453]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. taranta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There was no comparative skeleton of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFEC5FA4DFE66FA78" authorityName="W. L. Sclater" authorityYear="1906" box="[294,433,1459,1482]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrigenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFEC5FA4DFE66FA78" box="[294,433,1459,1482]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. nigrigenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but this species is similar in size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFF20FA2FFEE5FA5A" authorityName="Shelley" authorityYear="1894" box="[195,306,1489,1512]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF20FA2FFEE5FA5A" box="[195,306,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. lilianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Ahl al Oughlam
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFDC5FA2FFD42FA5A" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[550,661,1489,1512]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFDC5FA2FFD42FA5A" box="[550,661,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains are large and, by their dimensions, they are closer to the Recent species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFF1AF9F5FEB3F990" box="[249,356,1547,1570]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF1AF9F5FEB3F990" box="[249,356,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. taranta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Compared to a sample of six individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFF22F9D7FEFFF9F2" box="[193,296,1577,1600]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF22F9D7FEFFF9F2" box="[193,296,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A. taranta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the total length of the humerus is similar, but the distal width is smaller and the width of the shaft in the middle is larger in the Moroccan form. In the ulna the mean values of the proximal width and width of shaft in the middle are larger, and for the carpometacarpus the total length and the proximal depth are also larger in the Ahl al Oughlam species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5EFC86FC20FD9DFCAA" blockId="20.[839,1468,931,1688]" lastBlockId="21.[121,749,769,1554]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Morphologically the humerus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFB35FC20FA6DFC47" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[1238,1466,990,1013]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFB35FC20FA6DFC47" box="[1238,1466,990,1013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the Recent species by the presence of a distal extension of the humeral head on the caudal face. This extension does not exist in the Recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFB18FBC8FABCFBFF" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[1275,1387,1078,1101]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFB18FBC8FABCFBFF" box="[1275,1387,1078,1101]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There is also a longitudinal ridge that begins on the dorsal side of the humeral head and extends distad. It delimits an elongate fossa, situated between this ridge and the crista m. supracoracoidei. This ridge is very faintly visible in the Recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFC74FB37FBD1FB52" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[919,1030,1225,1248]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC74FB37FBD1FB52" box="[919,1030,1225,1248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5C8F2A54962BDA5FFBF7FB37FB82FB52" box="[1044,1109,1225,1248]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="20.[337,400,793,814]" captionTargetBox="[339,1297,160,768]" captionTargetId="figure-41@20.[167,1467,151,780]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 6. Diagram showing the differences between the proximal humerus of Agapornis atlanticus" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5412601/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the distal end, the attachment of the anterior articular ligament is strongly projecting. Proximal to this attachment, the impression of M. brachialis is situated entirely on the ventral half of the bone. There is a tubercle proximal to the dorsal condyle but it is very slightly indicated and it is visible only on one half of the humeri. This characteristic is different from that described by Stidham for the Recent and fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFB89FA68FB0CFA1F" authorityName="Selby" authorityYear="1836" box="[1130,1243,1430,1453]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFB89FA68FB0CFA1F" box="[1130,1243,1430,1453]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962BDA5FFAC5FA68FA60FA1F" box="[1318,1463,1430,1453]" name="South Africa" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where “the humeri exhibit the character of having a tubercle proximal to the space in between the dorsal and the ventral condyles” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962BDA5FFC22FA10FBB6F9B7" author="Stidham, T" box="[961,1121,1518,1541]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" pagination="198 - 199" refId="ref27394" refString="Stidham, T. A., 2006. Parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) from the Miocene Varswater Formation, Langebaanweg, South Africa. African Natural History 2: 198 - 199." type="journal article" year="2006">Stidham, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 199). In the Ahl al Oughlam parrots the dorsal condyle measures about
|
||
<quantity id="034C9B34962BDA5FFB1FF9F5FA84F990" box="[1276,1363,1547,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
proximodistally and the tubercle is situated about
|
||
<quantity id="034C9B34962BDA5FFB18F9D7FAE8F9F2" box="[1275,1343,1577,1600]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
proximally to the condyle. This position is different from what we have observed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFBCBF99DFB70F9C8" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1837" box="[1064,1191,1635,1658]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Poicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFBCBF99DFB70F9C8" box="[1064,1191,1635,1658]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Poicephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where a tubercle is present and situated proximally to the dorsal condyle, but on the median side of this condyle and closer to it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="90CB6659962BDA5FFF45F90EFCFFF868" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" startId="20.[166,229,1776,1797]">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962BDA5FFF45F90EFCFFF868" blockId="20.[166,1468,1776,2011]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Figure 5 [caption continued from facing page]…
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD65F90EFCEBF8B7" box="[646,828,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFD65F90EFCD1F8B7" baseAuthorityName="Portis" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[646,774,1776,1797]" class="Aves" family="Alcidae" genus="Alca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Charadriiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ausonia">Alca ausonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, J–M
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFCB2F90EFC8BF8B7" box="[849,860,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">J</emphasis>
|
||
) right humerus, proximal part, AaO-781, caudal view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFA9FF90EFA5BF8B7" box="[1404,1420,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">K</emphasis>
|
||
) left humerus, distal part and shaft, AaO-2666, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD36F8F5FD35F892" box="[725,738,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">L</emphasis>
|
||
) left tibiotarsus, proximal part and shaft, AaO-2693, lateral view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFA94F8F5FA5CF892" box="[1399,1419,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">M</emphasis>
|
||
) left scapula, cranial part, AaO-2665, lateral view.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFDBFF8D8FCF3F889" authority="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads, 2010" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[604,804,1830,1851]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFDBFF8D8FCF3F889" box="[604,804,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EDF357B8962BDA5FFCC9F8DBFC8EF888" box="[810,857,1829,1850]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC80F8D8FC47F889" box="[867,912,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">N–Q</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC47F8D8FC63F889" box="[932,948,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">N</emphasis>
|
||
) right humerus, almost complete, AaO-786, holotype, caudal view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFECDF8BEFEE8F8E7" box="[302,319,1856,1877]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">O</emphasis>
|
||
) idem, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFDF7F8BEFDF4F8E7" box="[532,547,1856,1877]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">P</emphasis>
|
||
) left humerus, almost complete, AaO-2671, paratype, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFB5AF8BEFB1DF8E7" box="[1209,1226,1856,1877]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Q</emphasis>
|
||
) idem, caudal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFA71F8BEFEE1F8C2" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFA71F8BEFED3F8C2" authorityName="Mourer-Chauvire, Alcover, Moya & Pons" authorityYear="1980" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Tyto" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balearica">Tyto balearica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, R–S
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFEAFF8A5FE8CF8C2" box="[332,347,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">R</emphasis>
|
||
) left humerus, proximal part, AaO-4805, caudal view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC99F8A5FC51F8C2" box="[890,902,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S</emphasis>
|
||
) right carpometacarpus, AaO-2684, ventral view. (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFA96F8A5FA55F8C2" box="[1397,1410,1883,1904]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">T</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFA71F8A5FF06F839" baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1769" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Tyto" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFA71F8A5FF06F839" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Tyto alba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, left tibiotarsus, distal part, AaO-808, cranial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD21F888FC41F839" box="[706,918,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962BDA5FFD21F888FC85F839" authorityName="Janossy" authorityYear="1977" box="[706,850,1910,1931]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Surnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robusta">Surnia robusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, U–AA
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC48F888FC6BF839" box="[939,956,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">U</emphasis>
|
||
) left femur, AaO-814, caudal view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFAC2F888FAE7F839" box="[1313,1328,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">V</emphasis>
|
||
) idem, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFF0AF86EFF2AF817" box="[233,253,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">W</emphasis>
|
||
) right tarsometatarsus, almost complete, AaO-817, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC97F86EFC54F817" box="[884,899,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">X</emphasis>
|
||
) idem, caudal view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFBB0F86EFBB7F817" box="[1107,1120,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Y</emphasis>
|
||
) left humerus, distal part, AaO-839, cranial view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFED2F855FEE9F872" box="[305,318,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Z</emphasis>
|
||
) left ulna, distal part and shaft, AaO-816, ventral view; (
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFC86F855FC55F872" box="[869,898,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">AA</emphasis>
|
||
) left ulna, proximal part and shaft, AaO-815, ventral view. The scale bars represent 1 cm. Same scale bar for
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD6EF838FD6BF869" box="[653,700,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">A–M</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962BDA5FFD09F838FCF5F869" box="[746,802,1990,2011]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">R–AA</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="90CB6659962ADA5EFF9AFF54FEB4FF6D" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" startId="21.[121,184,170,194]">
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFF9AFF54FEB4FF6D" blockId="21.[121,1421,170,223]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF9AFF54FF0EFF70" bold="true" box="[121,217,170,194]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Table 10</emphasis>
|
||
. Measurements (mm) of fossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFDCBFF55FCD1FF70" authority="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads, 2010" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[552,774,171,194]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFDCBFF55FCD1FF70" box="[552,774,171,194]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EDF357B8962ADA5EFCEEFF55FC97FF70" box="[781,832,171,194]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from Ahl al Oughlam and Recent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFB4CFF55FAA4FF70" box="[1199,1395,171,194]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFB4CFF55FAA4FF70" box="[1199,1395,171,194]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis taranta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s = standard deviation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFE34FF09FAD1FD2E" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<table id="B6B4C471962A25B4FF72FF09FAD1FD2E" box="[145,1286,247,668]" gridcols="9" gridrows="17" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FF09FAD1FEBE" box="[145,1286,247,268]" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FF09FD0CFEBE" box="[433,731,247,268]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFE34FF09FD0CFEBE" bold="true" box="[471,731,247,268]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFE34FF09FD72FEBE" authority="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads, 2010" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[471,677,247,268]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFE34FF09FD72FEBE" bold="true" box="[471,677,247,268]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EDF357B8962ADA5EFD48FF09FD0CFEBE" box="[683,731,247,268]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFF09FB61FEBE" box="[1001,1206,247,268]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFC0AFF09FB49FEBE" box="[1001,1182,247,268]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taranta">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFC0AFF09FB49FEBE" bold="true" box="[1001,1182,247,268]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis taranta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FEF1FAD1FE96" box="[145,1286,271,292]" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FEF1FD71FE96" box="[433,678,271,292]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Ahl al Oughlam</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFEF1FB5FFE96" box="[1001,1160,271,292]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Recent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FED9FAD1FE8E" box="[145,1286,295,316]" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FED9FE30FE8E" box="[433,487,295,316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">mean</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FED9FD0CFE8E" box="[534,731,295,316]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">observed range n</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FED9FCCCFE8E" box="[753,795,295,316]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">s</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FED9FC10FE8E" box="[913,967,295,316]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">mean</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFED9FB5FFE8E" box="[1001,1160,295,316]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">observed range</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFED9FB61FE8E" box="[1182,1206,295,316]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">n</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFED9FAD1FE8E" box="[1244,1286,295,316]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">s</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FEB1FAD1FED6" box="[145,1286,335,356]" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FEB1FE9DFED6" box="[145,330,335,356]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF72FEB1FF26FED6" bold="true" box="[145,241,335,356]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Humerus</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE99FAD1FECE" box="[145,1286,359,380]" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE99FE9DFECE" box="[145,330,359,380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">total length</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FE99FE30FECE" box="[433,487,359,380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">22.50</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FE99FD71FECE" box="[534,678,359,380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">22.0–23.4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFE99FD0CFECE" box="[700,731,359,380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">8</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FE99FCCCFECE" box="[753,795,359,380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.53</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FE99FC10FECE" box="[913,967,359,380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">22.78</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFE99FB5FFECE" box="[1001,1160,359,380]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">21.7–23.8</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFE99FB61FECE" box="[1182,1206,359,380]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFE99FAD1FECE" box="[1244,1286,359,380]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.78</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE83FAD1FE26" box="[145,1286,381,404]" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE83FE9DFE26" box="[145,330,381,404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">prox. width a</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FE83FE30FE26" box="[433,487,381,404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">7.37</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FE83FD71FE26" box="[534,678,381,404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">7.1–7.6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFE83FD0CFE26" box="[700,731,381,404]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">7</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FE83FCCCFE26" box="[753,795,381,404]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.20</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FE83FC10FE26" box="[913,967,381,404]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">—</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFE83FB5FFE26" box="[1001,1160,381,404]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">—</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFE83FB61FE26" box="[1182,1206,381,404]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">—</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFE83FAD1FE26" box="[1244,1286,381,404]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">—</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE69FAD1FE1E" box="[145,1286,407,428]" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE69FE9DFE1E" box="[145,330,407,428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">distal width</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FE69FE30FE1E" box="[433,487,407,428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.83</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FE69FD71FE1E" box="[534,678,407,428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.7–5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFE69FD0CFE1E" box="[700,731,407,428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">11</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FE69FCCCFE1E" box="[753,795,407,428]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.12</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FE69FC10FE1E" box="[913,967,407,428]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">5.08</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFE69FB5FFE1E" box="[1001,1160,407,428]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.8–5.4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFE69FB61FE1E" box="[1182,1206,407,428]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFE69FAD1FE1E" box="[1244,1286,407,428]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.26</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE51FAD1FE76" box="[145,1286,431,452]" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE51FE9DFE76" box="[145,330,431,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">width of shaft</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FE51FE30FE76" box="[433,487,431,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">2.68</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FE51FD71FE76" box="[534,678,431,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">2.4–2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFE51FD0CFE76" box="[700,731,431,452]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">13</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FE51FCCCFE76" box="[753,795,431,452]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.16</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FE51FC10FE76" box="[913,967,431,452]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">2.05</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFE51FB5FFE76" box="[1001,1160,431,452]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">1.9–2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFE51FB61FE76" box="[1182,1206,431,452]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFE51FAD1FE76" box="[1244,1286,431,452]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE39FAD1FE6E" box="[145,1286,455,476]" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE39FE9DFE6E" box="[145,330,455,476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">at midpoint</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE21FAD1FE46" box="[145,1286,479,500]" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE21FE9DFE46" box="[145,330,479,500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF72FE21FF15FE46" bold="true" box="[145,194,479,500]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Ulna</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FE09FAD1FDBE" box="[145,1286,503,524]" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FE09FE9DFDBE" box="[145,330,503,524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">total length</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FE09FD71FDBE" box="[433,678,503,524]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">ca. 27.0 —</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFE09FD0CFDBE" box="[700,731,503,524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">1</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FE09FCCCFDBE" box="[753,795,503,524]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">—</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FE09FC10FDBE" box="[913,967,503,524]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">27.67</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFE09FB5FFDBE" box="[1001,1160,503,524]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">26.5–28.7</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFE09FB61FDBE" box="[1182,1206,503,524]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFE09FAD1FDBE" box="[1244,1286,503,524]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.84</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FDF1FAD1FD96" box="[145,1286,527,548]" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FDF1FE9DFD96" box="[145,330,527,548]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">prox. width</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FDF1FE30FD96" box="[433,487,527,548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.00</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FDF1FD71FD96" box="[534,678,527,548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">3.9–4.1</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFDF1FD0CFD96" box="[700,731,527,548]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FDF1FCCCFD96" box="[753,795,527,548]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.08</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FDF1FC10FD96" box="[913,967,527,548]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">3.78</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFDF1FB5FFD96" box="[1001,1160,527,548]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">3.5–4.0</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFDF1FB61FD96" box="[1182,1206,527,548]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFDF1FAD1FD96" box="[1244,1286,527,548]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FDD9FAD1FD8E" box="[145,1286,551,572]" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FDD9FE9DFD8E" box="[145,330,551,572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">width of shaft</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FDD9FE30FD8E" box="[433,487,551,572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">2.00</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FDD9FD71FD8E" box="[534,678,551,572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">1.9–2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFDD9FD0CFD8E" box="[700,731,551,572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FDD9FCCCFD8E" box="[753,795,551,572]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.12</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FDD9FC10FD8E" box="[913,967,551,572]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">1.93</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFDD9FB5FFD8E" box="[1001,1160,551,572]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">1.9–2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFDD9FB61FD8E" box="[1182,1206,551,572]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFDD9FAD1FD8E" box="[1244,1286,551,572]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.08</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FDC1FAD1FDE6" box="[145,1286,575,596]" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FDC1FE9DFDE6" box="[145,330,575,596]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">at midpoint</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FDA9FAD1FDDE" box="[145,1286,599,620]" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FDA9FE9DFDDE" box="[145,330,599,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF72FDA9FE9DFDDE" bold="true" box="[145,330,599,620]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Carpometacarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FD91FAD1FD36" box="[145,1286,623,644]" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FD91FE9DFD36" box="[145,330,623,644]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">total length</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FD91FE30FD36" box="[433,487,623,644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">21.20</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FD91FD71FD36" box="[534,678,623,644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">21.0–21.4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFD91FD0CFD36" box="[700,731,623,644]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">2</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FD91FCCCFD36" box="[753,795,623,644]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.28</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FD91FC10FD36" box="[913,967,623,644]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">17.48</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFD91FB5FFD36" box="[1001,1160,623,644]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">16.6–18.7</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFD91FB61FD36" box="[1182,1206,623,644]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">6</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFD91FAD1FD36" box="[1244,1286,623,644]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.78</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7A843493962A25B4FF72FD79FAD1FD2E" box="[145,1286,647,668]" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<th id="39555DEF962A25B4FF72FD79FE9DFD2E" box="[145,330,647,668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">prox. depth</th>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FE52FD79FE30FD2E" box="[433,487,647,668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">5.58</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FDF5FD79FD71FD2E" box="[534,678,647,668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">5.5–5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD5FFD79FD0CFD2E" box="[700,731,647,668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FD12FD79FCCCFD2E" box="[753,795,647,668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.10</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC72FD79FC10FD2E" box="[913,967,647,668]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.70</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FC0AFD79FB5FFD2E" box="[1001,1160,647,668]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">4.4–4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB7DFD79FB61FD2E" box="[1182,1206,647,668]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">3</td>
|
||
<td id="39555DEF962A25B4FB3FFD79FAD1FD2E" box="[1244,1286,647,668]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">0.26</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFF56FD4CFBD6FD74" blockId="21.[181,1025,690,710]" box="[181,1025,690,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<tableNote id="3952375F962ADA5EFF56FD4CFBD6FD74" box="[181,1025,690,710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" targetBox="[145,1286,247,668]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<superScript id="33C19B99962ADA5EFF56FD4CFF6CFD0C" attach="left" box="[181,187,690,702]" fontSize="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">a</superScript>
|
||
From the ventral side of the crista bicipitalis to the dorsal side of the crista m. supracoracoidei.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFF74FCE0FE91FB62" blockId="21.[121,749,769,1554]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
Extinct psittacids exist in the Neogene of the Palaearctic region, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFEC2FCC5FD92FCE0" baseAuthorityName="A.Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[289,581,827,850]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Archaeopsittacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verreauxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFEC2FCC5FD92FCE0" box="[289,581,827,850]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Archaeopsittacus verreauxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy (MN 2a) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFDDDFCA7FF67FC3F" author="Milne-Edwards, A" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="97 - 200" refId="ref25827" refString="Milne-Edwards, A., 1867 - 1871. Recherches anatomiques et paleontologiques pour servir a l'histoire des oiseaux fossiles de la France. Paris: Victor Masson et Fils, t. 1, 474 pp.; atlas, pl. 1 - 96; t. 2, 627 pp.; atlas pl. 97 - 200." type="book chapter" year="1867">Milne-Edwards, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1871),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFEEAFC88FE12FC3F" authorityName="Mlikovsky" authorityYear="1998" box="[265,453,886,909]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Xenopsitta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fejfari">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFEEAFC88FE12FC3F" box="[265,453,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Xenopsitta fejfari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the early Miocene of Merkur (MN 3) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFECEFC6DFE26FC18" author="Mlikovsky, J" box="[301,497,915,938]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="335 - 341" refId="ref25946" refString="Mlikovsky, J., 1998 a. A new parrot (Aves: Psittacidae) from the early Miocene of the Czech Republic. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemiae 62: 335 - 341." type="journal article" year="1998">Mlíkovský, 1998a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFDD2FC6DFD3BFC18" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[561,748,915,938]" class="Aves" family="Rallidae" genus="Pararallus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFDD2FC6DFD3BFC18" box="[561,748,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Pararallus dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(syn.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFF5BFC4FFE4CFC7A" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1872" box="[184,411,945,968]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Psittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lartetianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF5BFC4FFE4CFC7A" box="[184,411,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Psittacus lartetianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the middle Miocene of Sansan (MN 6) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFECFFC30FE0DFC57" author="Cheneval, J" box="[300,474,974,997]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="321 - 388" refId="ref23613" refString="Cheneval, J., 2000. L'avifaune de Sansan. In La faune miocene de Sansan et son environnement, ed. L. Ginsburg. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle 183: 321 - 388." type="journal article" year="2000">Cheneval, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Indeterminate psittacids have also been reported in the middle Miocene of the Nördlinger Ries (MN 6) and of Steinheim (MN 7) (Heizmann &
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0670F833962ADA5EFF7BFBD8FF0DFB8F" box="[152,218,1062,1085]" country="Germany" name="Hessen" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Hesse</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 1995). In Africa, psittacids were present in the late Miocene and the early Pliocene of Langebaanweg (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFF63FB9FFF2DFBCA" author="Rich, P" box="[128,250,1121,1144]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="166 - 170" refId="ref27147" refString="Rich, P. V., 1980. Preliminary Report on the Fossil Avian Remains from Late Tertiary Sediments at Langebaanweg (Cape Province), South Africa. South African Journal of Science 76: 166 - 170." type="journal article" year="1980">Rich, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFEE7FB9FFE74FBCA" author="Stidham, T" box="[260,419,1121,1144]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="198 - 199" refId="ref27394" refString="Stidham, T. A., 2006. Parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) from the Miocene Varswater Formation, Langebaanweg, South Africa. African Natural History 2: 198 - 199." type="journal article" year="2006">Stidham, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFE01FB9FFDA1FBCA" box="[482,630,1121,1144]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFE01FB9FFD86FBCA" box="[482,593,1121,1144]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported from two localities of Olduvai, Bed I, lower Pleistocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFF63FB65FEE7FB00" author="Brodkorb, P" box="[128,304,1179,1202]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="174 - 177" refId="ref23224" refString="Brodkorb, P., 1985. Preliminary report on Pliocene / Pleistocene birds of East Africa. In Acta XVIII Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici, Moscow, August 16 - 24, 1982, vol. 1, pp. 174 - 177. Moskow: Nauka Editions." type="journal article" year="1985">Brodkorb, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and from the Pleistocene of Kromdraai B (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFF7AFB47FEECFB62" author="Stidham, T" box="[153,315,1209,1232]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="198 - 199" refId="ref27394" refString="Stidham, T. A., 2006. Parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) from the Miocene Varswater Formation, Langebaanweg, South Africa. African Natural History 2: 198 - 199." type="journal article" year="2006">Stidham, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFF74FB28FB61FC18" blockId="21.[121,749,769,1554]" lastBlockId="21.[794,1422,769,938]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
The presence of an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFE99FB28FD92FB5F" box="[378,581,1238,1261]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFE99FB28FE3CFB5F" box="[378,491,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962ADA5EFD8DFB28FD07FB5F" box="[622,720,1238,1261]" name="Morocco" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
is surprising because all of the Recent species of this genus live South of the Sahara, and most of them have a very limited distribution area in the southern part of the African continent. These different species live in variable environments, moist savannah, lowland primary and secondary forests, montane forests, wooded steppe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFE9CFA78FDFBFA2F" author="Fry, C" box="[383,556,1414,1437]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" refId="ref24163" refString="Fry, C. H., S. Keith, & E. K. Urban, 1988. The Birds of Africa. Vol. III: XIV + 611 pp. London and San Diego: Academic Press." type="book" year="1988">
|
||
Fry
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFE4DFA78FE09FA2F" box="[430,478,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFF9AFA5DFED1FA08" baseAuthorityName="Vieillot" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[121,262,1443,1466]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFF9AFA5DFED1FA08" box="[121,262,1443,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">A. roseicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lives close to the western coast of Southern Africa (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962ADA5EFF28FA3FFEC9FA6A" box="[203,286,1473,1496]" name="Angola" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962ADA5EFECBFA3FFE50FA6A" box="[296,391,1473,1496]" name="Namibia" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BCA37641962ADA5EFE73FA3FFDCEFA6A" box="[400,537,1473,1496]" name="South Africa" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in dry wooded and subdesert steppe. This species may sometimes nest in rock crevices. The presence of medullary bone (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFD85FA05FD32F9A0" author="Rick, A" box="[614,741,1531,1554]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" pagination="183 - 190" refId="ref27188" refString="Rick, A. M., 1975. Bird medullary bone: a seasonal dating technique for faunal analysts. Bulletin of the Canadian Archeological Assocciation 7: 183 - 190." type="journal article" year="1975">Rick, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) inside the medullary cavity of several humeri indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFCAAFCE0FBFFFC87" authorityName="Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads" authorityYear="2010" box="[841,1064,798,821]" class="Aves" family="Psittacidae" genus="Agapornis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psittaciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFCAAFCE0FBFFFC87" box="[841,1064,798,821]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Agapornis atlanticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was nesting in the vicinity of the fossiliferous site. It it possible that this species nested in the blocks of consolidated sands in which the fossils were deposited, while the other species of this genus nest in termitaria or in trees (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0254B20962ADA5EFBE2FC6DFB7DFC18" author="Fry, C" box="[1025,1194,915,938]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" refId="ref24163" refString="Fry, C. H., S. Keith, & E. K. Urban, 1988. The Birds of Africa. Vol. III: XIV + 611 pp. London and San Diego: Academic Press." type="book" year="1988">
|
||
Fry
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFBCDFC6DFB8AFC18" box="[1070,1117,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C40B36D1962ADA5EFC3BFC30FB18FC5A" blockId="21.[984,1231,974,1000]" box="[984,1231,974,1000]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6C0EAC3962ADA5EFC3BFC30FB18FC5A" bold="true" box="[984,1231,974,1000]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
|
||
Order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03B44D52962ADA5EFBD3FC30FB18FC5A" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[1072,1231,974,1000]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Strigiformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |