131 lines
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131 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.20709" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb95ca50-ade3-4e02-ae86-0a6a8cebe4e0" ID-PMC="PMC5674186" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-711-103" ID-PubMed="29134030" ID-ZBK="5E782B9EA87643829F183C620114A212" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-711-103" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 711" ModsDocTitle="A new genus of protorhyssaline wasps in Raritan amber (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)" checkinTime="1508771356790" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Engel, Michael S., Thomas, Jennifer C. & Alqarni, Abdulaziz S." docDate="2017" docId="23CC981A800DA6C9CD7218BD320147B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 711: 103-111" docOrigin="ZooKeys 711" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.20709" docTitle="Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni Engel, Thomas & Alqarni, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="CDEBECC1-2E8A-412C-88E5-689DCD502431" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="FFE4FF81FFEF8163FFEEFFCBFFEDFF92" masterDocTitle="A new genus of protorhyssaline wasps in Raritan amber (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="106" updateTime="1668165007479" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new genus of protorhyssaline wasps in Raritan amber (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Engel, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Alqarni, Abdulaziz S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>711</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>111</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.20709</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.20709</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-711-103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">5E782B9EA87643829F183C620114A212</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5E782B9EA87643829F183C620114A212</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="135452971" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CDEBECC1-2E8A-412C-88E5-689DCD502431" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/23CC981A800DA6C9CD7218BD320147B2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/CDEBECC1-2E8A-412C-88E5-689DCD502431" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhetinorhyssalites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emersoni">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="106" start="start">Rhetinorhyssalites</pageBreakToken>
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emersoni
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="106">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-3, 4
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">♂, AMNH NJ-892A; deposited in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="paratype">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Paratype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">♂, AMNH NJ-692; same locality and repository as the holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="locality and horizon">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Locality and horizon.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) amber, New Jersey, Middlesex County, Sayreville, white oaks pit. The locality has been discussed and the Raritan amber deposits mapped by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Grimaldi et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Grimaldi and Nascimbene (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">As for the genus (vide supra).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Figures 1-3. Photographs of males of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhetinorhyssalites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emersoni">Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni</taxonomicName>
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, gen. et sp. n., in Raritan amber. 1 Right lateral habitus of holotype (AMNH NJ-892A) 2 Right lateral view of paratype (AMNH NJ-692), to same scale as figure C 3 Left lateral view of paratype.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">♂: Total length 2.54 mm as preserved (2.53 mm); forewing length 1.98 mm (1.90 mm), hind wing length 1.66 mm (1.60 mm); integument, where evident, dark brown, lighter on appendages; wing veins dark brown to brown, membranes hyaline and clear.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Head apparently about as long as wide (direct frontal view not possible in either holotype or paratype), with small punctures separated by about 2 or more times a puncture width, integument between smooth, with scattered, suberect, minute setae, setae more numerous on lower face; face below antennal toruli somewhat flat; clypeus slightly protruding, rounded, short; hypoclypeal depression deep and wide; mandible short (mandibles closed in both specimens); labial palpus short, apparently with three palpomeres; maxillary palpus elongate, apparently slightly longer than head, with six palpomeres, palpomeres
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<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–VI">IV-VI</normalizedToken>
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elongate, thinner than preceding palpomeres, palpomere III thickened and dorsally hunched, with abundant distinctive setae dorsally; compound eye large and glabrous, length 0.36 mm, broader than gena, inner margin not emarginate; ocelli positioned close together on top of vertex; occipital carina complete, weak dorsally; antenna slightly shorter than body length; scape squat, only slightly longer than wide, length 0.11 mm, width 0.09 mm, truncate apically; pedicel about as long as wide, slightly narrower than scape, length 0.07 mm, width 0.06 mm; flagellum with 20 flagellomeres (24 flagellomeres); basal flagellomeres elongate, approximately 3-4 times as long as wide, flagellomere I length 0.16 mm, width 0.04 mm; flagellomere II length 0.14 mm, width 0.04 mm; flagellomere III length 0.13 mm, width 0.04 mm; remaining flagellomeres progressively shorter, apical flagellomeres about 1.25-2.0 times as long as wide; multiporous plate sensilla sparse.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Mesosoma length 0.98 mm (0.98 mm); pronotal surface smooth; mesoscutum with minute, setigerous punctures separated by a puncture width or less, integument between punctures smooth; notauli deeply impressed, crenulate, percurrent; lateral sectors of mesoscutum (outside of notauli) distinctly raised, convex, with sculpturing as on remainder of mesoscutum; mesoscutellar sulcus deeply impressed; mesoscutellum not raised, on same level with mesoscutum; mesopleuron largely smooth and impunctate, with borders areolate; sternaulus absent; metapleuron areolate; propodeum coarsely and deeply areolate. Legs slender, with numerous minute setae; tibial spurs short, protibial calcar slightly curved, without comb; metafemur tubular except with
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="107" start="start">weak</pageBreakToken>
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subapical concavity on inner ventral surface; metatibia length 1.26 mm (1.23 mm); basitarsi longest tarsomeres, but shorter than combined length of remaining tarsomeres, slightly longer than fifth tarsomeres; pretarsal claws short, simple; arolium small. Forewing (Fig. 4) with minute costal cell present apically near pterostima, remainder of C+Sc+R completely fused with faint indication of fusion line proximally; pterostigma large, longer than wide, border inside marginal cell faintly convex, anterior border bulging; marginal cell large, extending nearly to wing apex; R slightly extending beyond marginal cell apex along apical wing margin to wing apex; 1Rs present, slightly more than one-half length 1M; 1Rs/1M straight; Rs+M weakly arched (nearly straight); 1m-cu entering second submarginal cell near base, thus short 2M present (and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“2Rs+M”">"2Rs+M"</normalizedToken>
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lacking); 2M angled posteriorly, giving second submarginal cell narrowly elongate extension postero-proximally; 2Rs elongate; r-rs arising in apical half of pterostigma, short, shorter than 1Rs; 1rs-m present, about as long as 3Rs; 3M much longer than 2Rs; 1cu-a strongly postfurcal (positioned beyond one-third discal cell length); 1Cu about as long as 1cu-a; 2Cu longer than 1Cu; 2cu-a present only has hint
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="108" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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stub, with subdiscal cell minutely open apically; stubs of 1a and 2a present. Hind wing (Fig. 4) with margins setose; three distal hamuli present on R and set of "secondary hamuli" (sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Basibuyuk, HH" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" pagination="211 - 214" title="A new, putatively primitive Cretaceous fossil braconid subfamily from New Jersey amber (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-6409.1999.00006.x" volume="28" year="1999">Basibuyuk et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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) on proximal portion of C; R tubular for short distance along with margin, otherwise extending as nebulous vein, terminating well prior to wing apex; 2Sc+R extremely short; Rs tubular for short distance then extending as nebulous vein; sc+r-m without bulla, longer than 2Sc+R, much shorter than 1M; 2M tubular near base then nebulous; 1Cu much shorter than 1M; 2Cu present as minute stub; bulla lacking between 1A and 2Cu stub.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Metasoma length 1.21 mm (1.20 mm), with terga II and III fused and with distinct suture line; integument generally smooth an impunctate, with scattered, short, appressed setae; first metasomal tergum with dorsal carinae strong, extending to posterior tergal margin, dorsopes deeply impressed and areolate; lateral carinae strong, with lateropes deeply impressed; tergum I about as long as wide, remaining terga wider than long.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">♀: Latet.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
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The specific epithet honors the late William K. Emerson (1925-2016), a leading malacologist with the American Museum of Natural History (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mikkelsen, PM" journalOrPublisher="American Malacological Bulletin" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" pagination="82 - 94" title="In memoriam: William K. Emerson (1925 - 2016), with a list of his publications and taxa." url="https://doi.org/10.4003/006.035.0112" volume="35" year="2017">Mikkelsen and Landman 2017</bibRefCitation>
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) and good friend to the senior author for the last 20 years of his life. In 1999, after one of many relaxing enjoyable chats and before I (M.S.E.) departed, Bill pulled from a shelf his copy of his 1976 guide to shells (
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<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, WK" journalOrPublisher="Knopf, New York" pageId="7" pageNumber="110" title="The American Museum of Natural History Guide to Shells: Land, Freshwater and Marine, from Nova Scotia to Florida. Alfred A." year="1976">Emerson and Jacobson 1976</bibRefCitation>
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), autographed it, and placed it in my hands. It remains a treasured possession and reminder of joyful days and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bill’s">Bill's</normalizedToken>
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kindness and good humor.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
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Figure 4. Wing venation of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhetinorhyssalites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emersoni">Rhetinorhyssalites emersoni</taxonomicName>
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, gen. et sp. n., with most marginal setae omitted; forewing above, hind wing below.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |