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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" ID-PMC="PMC5523356" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-683-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" ID-PubMed="28769729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1149788" ID-ZooBank="D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32" ModsDocID="1313-2970-683-51" checkinTime="1502744546974" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Anzaldo, Salvatore S." docDate="2017" docId="0F683A15EA8D544BA25BC6BC5B1B0BFC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 683: 51-138" docOrigin="ZooKeys 683" docPubDate="2017-07-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080" docTitle="Zygops Schoenherr 1825" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404" masterDocTitle="Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1668164589837" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Anzaldo, Salvatore S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sanzaldo@asu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2017-07-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number>683</mods:number>
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
<mods:end>138</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182230653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F683A15EA8D544BA25BC6BC5B1B0BFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F683A15EA8D544BA25BC6BC5B1B0BFC" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName LSID="0F683A15-EA8D-544B-A25B-C6BC5B1B0BFC" authority="Schoenherr, 1825: c. 586" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zygops Schoenherr, 1825: c.586</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1936" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures1936" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Figs 34</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 99102" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 99 - 102. Lateral and dorsal habitus images of Zygopini. Scale bars = 2 mm unless otherwise specified. 99 a-b Peltophorus polymitus suffusus [ASUHIC 0016837]. 100 a-b Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528]. 101 a-b Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102]; scale bar for 101 a = 1 mm 102 a-b Zygops vitticollis [ASUHIC 0086634]; scale bar for 102 b = 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures99102" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143840" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">, 102</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
=
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Eccoptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eccoptus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eccoptus</taxonomicName>
Dejean, 1821: 86 [Syn.:
<bibRefCitation author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Southwestern Entomologist" pageId="57" pageNumber="108" pagination="286 - 307" refId="B123" refString="O'Brien, CW, Wibmer, GJ, 1984. Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies - Supplement I. Southwestern Entomologist 9 (3): 286 - 307" title="Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies - Supplement I." volume="9" year="1984">
<normalizedToken originalValue="OBrien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
and Wibmer 1984
</bibRefCitation>
: 296]. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Curculio strix" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">Curculio strix</taxonomicName>
Olivier, 1790 [by monotypy]. Suppressed for priority (ICZN 1987).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fischer Waldheim" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Eccyptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eccyptus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eccyptus</taxonomicName>
[Fischer von Waldheim], 1829: 99. Type species:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Curculio strix" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">Curculio strix</taxonomicName>
Olivier, 1790 [by monotypy].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Poecilma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poecilma wiedii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wiedii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Poecilma wiedii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Germar, 1824.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="gender">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Gender.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Masculine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
Of the genera occuring north of South America,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be mistaken only with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Peltophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Peltophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the large, exposed pygidium that is mostly visible in dorsal view and deflecting the fifth abdominal ventrite ventrally at the apex, and the sulcate subapical constriction of the prothorax.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Peltophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Peltophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the shorter metatibial setal comb (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1936" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures1936" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">34</figureCitation>
), the much longer second funicular article (usually at least 2 times longer in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1.5-2 times longer in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Peltophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Peltophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the metafemora ventrally with more than one tooth (in many species), the more elongate tibial uncus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1936" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 19 - 36. Variation in the metatibial apex. 19 Mesotibial apex of Lechriops vestitus illustrating parts of the tibial apex: a) posterior apical angle with large, curved uncus; b) middle of the apex with produced, rounded inner flange; c) anterior apical margin with premucro; d) oblique ridge of premucro; e) apical setal tuft 20 Male Trichodocerus brevilineatus [ARTSYS 0000609] with a tibial uncus arising at the middle of the apex 21 Cratosomus punctulatus mexicanus [ASUHIC 0031510] with thick fascicles of golden setae near the anterior apical margin and a dense setal brush at the posterior apical face 22 Pseudopiazurus centraliamericanus [ASUHIC 0086627] with a large, subapical premucro 23 Piazurus laetus [SSAC 0001077], showing a typical tibial apex for that genus 24 Acoptus suturalis [ASUHIC 0016915] 25 Cylindrocopturinus pictus [SSAC 0001288] with a pointed, premucro-like inner flange 26 Pseudolechriops klopferi [SSAC 0001060] showing an elongate, uncus-like inner flange. 27 Arachnomorpha circumlineata [ARTSYS 0000535] 28 Archocopturus medeterae [ASUHIC 16884] 29 Cylindrocopturus adspersus [ASUHIC 0016896] with a rounded, produced inner flange 30 Helleriella longicollis [ASUHIC 0065241] with a very short uncus 31 Lissoderes cecropiae [ASUHIC 0064707] with an elongate uncus and minute premucro 32 Phileas granulatus [ARTSYS 0000528] with the middle of the apex (between uncus and premucro) sunken 33 Peltophorus adustus [ASUHIC 0012325] with a short uncus and posterodistal setal comb extending halfway to the base of the tibia 34 Zygops erythropygus [ASUHIC 0086640] with short posterodistal setal comb. 35 Philenis flavipes [ASUHIC 0065102] 36 Philinna bicristata [ARTSYS 0000799] with a small tooth at the anterior apical angle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.683.12080.figures1936" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/143828" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">34</figureCitation>
), and the less developed mesoventrite, which in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is usually flattened, but in some with the posterolateral margin tumescent (e.g.
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. maculipes" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="maculipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Z. maculipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Desbrochers, 1891) or with small projections (e.g. the South American
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. leucogaster" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="leucogaster">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Z. leucogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Desbrochers, 1891). The prosternal channel is sometimes very narrow and scarcely depressed, and the procoxae are sometimes very narrowly separated or even contiguous (e.g. in
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. maculipes" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="maculipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Z. maculipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
The genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Eccoptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eccoptus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Eccoptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Dejean, 1821 was suppressed despite having priority over
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schoenherr, 1825 (petitioned in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.377" author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature" pageId="57" pageNumber="108" pagination="69 - 71" refId="B124" refString="O'Brien, CW, Wibmer, GJ, 1986. Zygops Schoenherr, 1825 (Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation by the suppression of Eccoptus Dejean 1821. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 43 (1): 69 - 71, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.377" title="Zygops Schoenherr, 1825 (Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation by the suppression of Eccoptus Dejean 1821." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.377" volume="43" year="1986">
<normalizedToken originalValue="OBrien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
and Wibmer 1986
</bibRefCitation>
, ruled by ICZN 1987) for the purpose of nomenclatural stability: the name
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Eccoptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eccoptus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Eccoptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been used much less frequently (though most recently resurrected in
<bibRefCitation author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="57" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 382" refId="B122" refString="O'Brien, CW, Wibmer, GJ, 1982. Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 34: 1 - 382" title="Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." volume="34" year="1982">
<normalizedToken originalValue="OBrien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
and Wibmer 1982
</bibRefCitation>
) and the name
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed the base for the subfamilial name in use at the time,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacordaire" baseAuthorityYear="1865" lsidName="" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Zygopinae">Zygopinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="key">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName genus="Keys" lsidName="Keys" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" rank="genus">Keys</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
<bibRefCitation author="Champion, GC" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="52" pageNumber="103" refId="B20" refString="Champion, GC, 1906b. Insecta - Coleoptera - Rhychophora - Curculionidae - Curculioninae (part). In: Champion GC (Ed.) Biologia Centrali-Americana (Vol. 4, part 5). 1-136." title="Insecta - Coleoptera - Rhychophora - Curculionidae - Curculioninae (part). In: Champion GC (Ed.) Biologia Centrali-Americana (Vol. 4, part 5). 1 - 136." year="1906 b">Champion 1906b</bibRefCitation>
: 21.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="phylogenetic relationships">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Phylogenetic relationships.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
See
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Peltophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Peltophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Most similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1845" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Peltophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Peltophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the genera treated here, but the distinction between
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Zygops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Zygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the South American genera
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parazygops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parazygops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Parazygops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desbrochers" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Colpothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Colpothorax" order="Ericales" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Colpothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is less distinct, based on the shape of the rostrum and the shape of the prothorax, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Host associations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
Some species have been reared from branches of various genera of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desbrochers" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="41" pageNumber="92" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lecythidaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Fassbender, JL" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" refId="B39" refString="Fassbender, JL, 2013. Diversity, resource partitioning, and species turnover in Neotropical saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Curculionidae) associated with trees in the Brazil nut family (Lecythidaceae). Ph.D Thesis, The City College of New York, New York City." title="Diversity, resource partitioning, and species turnover in Neotropical saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Curculionidae) associated with trees in the Brazil nut family (Lecythidaceae). Ph. D Thesis, The City College of New York, New York City." year="2013">Fassbender 2013</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-68.4.689" author="Fassbender, J" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="53" pageNumber="104" pagination="689 - 699" refId="B40" refString="Fassbender, J, Baxt, A, Berkov, A, 2014. Niches of saproxylic weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in French Guiana. The Coleopterists Bulletin 68 (4): 689 - 699, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-68.4.689" title="Niches of saproxylic weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in French Guiana." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-68.4.689" volume="68" year="2014">Fassbender et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="described species">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Described species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
Eighteen species are known from the focal region and an additional 34 species are known only from South America (
<bibRefCitation author="Wibmer, GJ" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute Number" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 563" refId="B153" refString="Wibmer, GJ, O'Brien, CW, 1986. Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute Number 39: 1 - 563" title="Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." volume="39" year="1986">
Wibmer and
<normalizedToken originalValue="OBrien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
1986
</bibRefCitation>
: 267).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="92" type="range">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">Range.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="92">
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.802311" author="Poinar, G" journalOrPublisher="Historical Biology" pageId="58" pageNumber="109" pagination="556 - 562" refId="B133" refString="Poinar, G, Legalov, A, 2013. New species of the subfamily Conoderinae (Coleoptera: Curculiondiae) in Dominican amber. Historical Biology 26 (5): 556 - 562, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.802311" title="New species of the subfamily Conoderinae (Coleoptera: Curculiondiae) in Dominican amber." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.802311" volume="26" year="2013">Poinar and Legalov 2013</bibRefCitation>
, fossil); South America.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>