258 lines
37 KiB
XML
258 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="3394D970C825DAC66A6318563B640542" ID-CLB-Dataset="46348" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.204615" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b812008d-19c0-4633-9da7-7c21b99bee5b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="204615" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460389372117" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lauretta, Daniel, Rodríguez, Estefanía & Penchaszadeh, Pablo E." docDate="2011" docId="0C47375AFFE5FFCFFF2EFCAE7EDDF323" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03027p018.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3027" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Harenactis argentina Lauretta, Rodríguez & Penchaszadeh, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="F07E4F22FFE7FFCAFFB9FFCC7C3CF23F" masterDocTitle="A new vermiform sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Argentina: Harenactis argentina sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698298038083" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="87DE641CA6C9BC93556665AC2371EC98" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6CECA41E87C0B321BBA944647C445216">
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<mods:title id="8D3D216A1D4502A67892DF8FD63446C4">A new vermiform sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Argentina: Harenactis argentina sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="12B1B91440BB30FB2A5404C397488AA7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="849BF1BEDC8D85F46EC9D103B097B7CF">Lauretta, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="79AA55D3757F4EDCBB0F2DE8D5042B5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EFEC6EF18166D436E00DCE329D2399AF">Rodríguez, Estefanía</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D22A9C94CF5F794B0B0989C00F1A8F0F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="98E7F4BEDD4B289FB73DCB2B9B59C2D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E1D9E42095BBE5E538F6F623F80BA35C">Penchaszadeh, Pablo E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="34525B4201049CEAFD6AE06D107AEF84">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="18F64050EA7D8D69BB4CA25BB328F311">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="CC0497B5399A241495F19496EBD84950">
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<mods:date id="83705909C5F0216EFBDA955B3D6099A4">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E43450F42387389E47BB93D83AEC17BB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FFDF7D83A64A717B25B5ED0E653F0CC3">3027</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C251F8C9F11BE085C07C3852C64E41AB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B2D8BAC6821750A3FE7F26C9054A461C" type="CLB-Dataset">46348</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C65561386FBA604D74332A881A051C8E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.204615</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45C11B11962131872D908D84A1A109BB" type="GBIF-Dataset">b812008d-19c0-4633-9da7-7c21b99bee5b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F7433B51BCEBFD094F3E365018D600C6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="74726D7822A2BC1B2AF934137D1786CE" type="Zenodo-Dep">204615</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0C47375AFFE5FFCFFF2EFCAE7EDDF323" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5675631" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119416344" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5675631" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C47375AFFE5FFCFFF2EFCAE7EDDF323" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C47375AFFE5FFCFFF2EFCAE7EDDF323" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="CCF4D5C7FFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DC1F143" box="[151,509,866,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DC1F143" blockId="2.[151,509,866,892]" box="[151,509,866,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="DF193120FFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DC1F143" bold="true" box="[151,509,866,892]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DC1F143" bold="true" box="[151,509,866,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DA5F143" ID-CoL="6LCQ9" box="[151,409,866,892]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE5FFC8FF2EFCAE7DA5F143" bold="true" box="[151,409,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Harenactis argentina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA9E725FFE5FFC8FE19FCAE7DC1F143" box="[416,509,866,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CCF4D5C7FFE5FFC8FF2EFC667CE1F66E" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF2EFC667D3CF636" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE5FFC8FF2EFC667D78F1FD" bold="true" box="[151,324,937,962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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||
<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FF2EFC667CEEF1FD" box="[151,210,938,962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FEF3FC657D8BF1FE" box="[330,439,937,961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="E2FF1E89FFE5FFC8FE78FC657E29F1FE" box="[449,533,937,961]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyng-6456" name="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">MACN</collectionCode>
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- IN 39376; Punta Pardelas, Chubut,
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<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE5FFC8FC0CFC657819F1FE" box="[949,1061,937,961]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
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<collectingCountry id="FCF9C6DCFFE5FFC8FC0CFC657819F1FE" box="[949,1061,937,961]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="E1DAE08BFFE5FFC8FB8AFC6578AFF1FE" box="[1075,1171,937,961]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-42.616665">42º 37'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E1DAE08BFFE5FFC8FB27FC657934F1FE" box="[1182,1288,937,961]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-64.25">64º 15'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<date id="F050A08CFFE5FFC8FAA2FC657CF2F1DA" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" value="2008-04-05" valueMax="2008-04-10" valueMin="2008-04-05">
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April 2008, 5–
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<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FF0AFC017CF2F1DA" box="[179,206,973,997]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="10.0">10</quantity>
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</date>
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m depth.
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<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FEFEFC027D92F1D9" box="[327,430,974,998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: Invertebrate Collection of
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<collectionCode id="E2FF1E89FFE5FFC8FD52FC027F18F1DA" box="[747,804,974,997]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">MLP</collectionCode>
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8791, one specimen. Collecting data same as those of
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<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FF2EFC3D7CC1F636" box="[151,253,1009,1033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF7CFBD97CE1F66E" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE5FFC8FF7CFBD97D84F611" bold="true" box="[197,440,1045,1070]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Additional material.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="E2FF1E89FFE5FFC8FE06FBDA7E24F611" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[447,536,1046,1070]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">AMNH</collectionCode>
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, one specimen. Punta Pardelas, Chubut,
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<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE5FFC8FC67FBD97871F612" box="[990,1101,1045,1069]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
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<collectingCountry id="FCF9C6DCFFE5FFC8FC67FBD97871F612" box="[990,1101,1045,1069]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="E1DAE08BFFE5FFC8FBE5FBD97881F612" box="[1116,1213,1045,1069]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-42.616665">42º 37'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E1DAE08BFFE5FFC8FB71FBD9790EF612" box="[1224,1330,1045,1069]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-64.25">64º 15'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FAFEFBD979A0F612" box="[1351,1436,1045,1069]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 m</quantity>
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depth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CCF4D5C7FFE5FFC9FF7CFB91783AF4FA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF7CFB917ED0F682" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE5FFC8FF7CFB917D6AF649" bold="true" box="[197,342,1117,1142]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Description.</emphasis>
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External anatomy: Base not adherent, physa-like, variable in shape, round or flat depending on the specimen (
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||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FE87FB4D7DB9F6A6" box="[318,389,1153,1177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1437,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1416]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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a). Diameter to
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<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FD82FB4D7EB1F6A6" box="[571,653,1153,1177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
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(
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<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FD24FB4D7F3DF6A6" box="[669,769,1153,1177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FCB2FB4D7F63F6A6" box="[779,863,1153,1177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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). Some specimens with abundant sand and debris attached to aboral end. Mesenterial insertions visible.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF7CFB057E6CF74E" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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Column vermiform (
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<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FE09FB057DC9F6DE" box="[432,501,1225,1249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1437,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1416]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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b), to
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<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FD80FB057EA4F6DE" box="[569,664,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="121.0">121 mm</quantity>
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in length and
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||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FC87FB057FB2F6DE" box="[830,910,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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in diameter in preserved specimens (
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||
<typeStatus id="5B5538EEFFE5FFC8FA81FB0579A0F6DE" box="[1336,1436,1225,1249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FF2EFB217CCFF73A" box="[151,243,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="121.0">121 mm</quantity>
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||
in length and
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||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FE28FB217DC7F73A" box="[401,507,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7–20 mm</quantity>
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||
in diameter), smooth. In preserved specimens, column usually narrows proximally. Inconspicuous cinclides present at least distally (
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<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FD07FADD7F3FF716" box="[702,771,1297,1321]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1437,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1416]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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c), forming 24 longitudinal rows (reaching proximal end at least in one specimen). Cinclides not perforated (
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||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FD02FAF97EC1F772" box="[699,765,1333,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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b), one row in each endo- and exo-coel. Column color whitish in vivo and in preserved specimens.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF7CFAB17D42F452" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
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||
Tentacles
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||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FE8FFAB17D4CF7AA" box="[310,368,1405,1429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
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||
number, arranged in three cycles; about 50% longer than oral disc diameter in live specimens; inner tentacles more or less equal in length to outer ones (
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||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FC89FA6D7F49F786" box="[816,885,1441,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1437,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1416]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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d). No apical pore. In vivo, 12 tentacles of inner cycles typically held erect, 12 of outermost cycle held parallel to substratum; tentacles completely covered in contracted specimens. Tentacles of preserved and living specimens brown. In specimens from Punta Pardelas (larger than those from Fracaso beach), 12 erected, inner tentacles brownish, with two small, whitish, V-shaped marks at adoral side of base; those 12 of outermost cycle white, with V-shaped mark at basal adoral part (to a third of tentacle length) (
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||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FEA4F9997D5DF452" box="[285,353,1621,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1437,1460]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,235,1416]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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d).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC8FF7CF9B57DBEF48A" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Oral disc round, same diameter as column. Mouth central, elevated on a cone; lips bright red in live specimens from Punta Pardelas.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE5FFC9FF7CF90D7F04F2EB" blockId="2.[151,1437,937,2006]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Internal anatomy: Twelve pairs of mesenteries hexamerously arranged in two cycles (6 + 6), both perfect and fertile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FF50F9297D17F4C2" box="[233,299,1765,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Equal number of mesenteries proximally and distally; mesenteries more developed distally, so second cycle of mesenteries poorly developed and without retractor muscles proximally. Two pairs of directives, one attached to differentiated and well-developed siphonoglyph; second pair of directives attached to more or less distinct fold of actinopharynx that is not histologically differentiated from the rest of actinopharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FB55F89D7913F556" box="[1260,1327,1873,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Gonochoric, developing oocytes and spermatic cysts (oocytes to 0.39 mm and spermatic cysts to
|
||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE5FFC8FB22F8B97931F5B2" box="[1179,1293,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="27.0">0.027 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) in specimens collected in April. Retractor muscles strongly restricted, reniform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE5FFC8FB9BF8557859F58E" box="[1058,1125,1945,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="11">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Pairs of mesenteries differentially developed: most pairs with one mesentery more developed than its partner, with larger retractor muscles (condition more evident proximally). Parietobasilar muscles strong, differentiated on all mesenteries, with short broad processes and short free mesogloeal pennon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE4FFC9FD60FF707F27F2EB" box="[729,795,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D091D6C4FFE4FFC9FF2EFA51784EF7ED" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204617/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[151,1436,248,1415]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE4FFC9FF2EFA51784EF7ED" blockId="3.[151,1436,1437,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FF2EFA517D2EF78D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1437,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
External anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FE55FA527EFFF78C" box="[492,707,1438,1459]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FE55FA527EFFF78C" box="[492,707,1438,1459]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Harenactis argentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA9E725FFE4FFC9FD70FA527F25F78C" box="[713,793,1438,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FD70FA527F25F78C" bold="true" box="[713,793,1438,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
a) Detail of the base. b) View of a whole specimen. c) Longitudinal section of the body wall showing a cinclide (arrow). d) Oral view of a live specimen in situ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE4FFC9FF7CFA357EE2F466" blockId="3.[151,1437,1529,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Longitudinal muscles of tentacles and oral disc ectodermal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE4FFC9FC3BFA357FEFF42E" box="[898,979,1529,1553]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
c, d). Marginal sphincter muscle absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE4FFC9FF26F9D17CDDF40A" box="[159,225,1565,1589]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
e). Mesogloea thick, to 0.78 mm; epidermis and gastrodermis 0.15–0.06 mm and 0.13–0.06 mm respectively at actinopharynx level. No basilar muscles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE4FFC9FD3BF98D7EF8F466" box="[642,708,1601,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,337,1467]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal anatomy of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Cross section at the actinopharynx level showing all mesenteries perfect. b) Detail of a cinclide. c) Cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. d) Cross section of the oral disc showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles. e) Longitudinal section of distal part of the column. f) Longitudinal section of the pedal disc. Abbreviations: Ac, actinopharynx; B, base; C, cinclide; Co, column; D, directives; Ep, epidermis; Ga, gastrodermis; M, mesenteries; Me, mesogloea; Mod, longitudinal muscles of the oral disc; Mt, longitudinal muscles of the tentacle; S, siphonoglyph; T, tentacle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204618/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
f).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE4FFC9FF7CF9A9783AF4FA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1529,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Cnidom and distribution of cnidae: Spirocysts (in tentacles, column, actinopharynx and base), basitrichs (in all tissues), microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FE3FF9467DA8F49E" box="[390,404,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">p</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores (in actinopharynx and mesenterial filaments) and microbasic
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FA9AF945790DF49E" box="[1315,1329,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">b</emphasis>
|
||
-mastigophores (in mesenterial filaments) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1CD59AC9FFE4FFC9FDAEF9617E61F4FA" box="[535,605,1709,1733]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1009,1032]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,393,1004]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,393,1004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cnidae of Harenactis argentina sp. nov. a) Spirocyst. b) Basitrich. c) Spirocyst. d) Basitrich 1. e) Basitrich 2. f) Spirocyst. g) Basitrich. h) Microbasic p - mastigophore. i) Microbasic b - mastigophore. j) Basitrich. k) Microbasic p - mastigophore. l) Spirocyst. m) Basitrich." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/204619/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). See table 1 for size and distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CCF4D5C7FFE4FFCFFF7CF91D7D8DF2EB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE4FFCFFF7CF91D7D8DF2EB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1529,2025]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,284]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FF7CF91D7E6BF4D5" bold="true" box="[197,599,1745,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FDD8F91E7F6FF4D6" box="[609,851,1746,1769]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FDD8F91E7F6FF4D6" box="[609,851,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Harenactis argentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA9E725FFE4FFC9FCE7F91E7F80F4D5" box="[862,956,1746,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FCE7F91E7F80F4D5" bold="true" box="[862,956,1746,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
inhabits soft bottoms of the Argentinean coast of Patagonia, on both sides of Península Valdés (Villarino beach, Fracaso beach and Punta Pardelas). On Fracaso beach,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FE99F8D67D93F50E" box="[288,431,1818,1841]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FE99F8D67D93F50E" box="[288,431,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">H. argentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA9E725FFE4FFC9FE0EF8D67E2DF50D" box="[439,529,1818,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FE0EF8D67E2DF50D" bold="true" box="[439,529,1818,1842]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was found on the intertidal zone, to seven specimens per square meter (the subtidal zone was not explored); it was the only sea anemone present at the beach. During low tide it is possible to see the holes this sea anemone leaves in the substratum after it contracts. On Villarino beach,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FBC4F8AE7936F546" box="[1149,1290,1890,1913]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FBC4F8AE7936F546" box="[1149,1290,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">H. argentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA9E725FFE4FFC9FAA8F8AE7956F545" box="[1297,1386,1890,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FAA8F8AE7956F545" bold="true" box="[1297,1386,1890,1914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was found in the intertidal zone but not in the subtidal zone. On Punta Pardelas, it was only found in the subtidal zone, starting at
|
||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE4FFC9FEB7F8657D05F5FE" box="[270,313,1961,1985]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
|
||
depth; the specimens were at least
|
||
<quantity id="43162BA9FFE4FFC9FD7EF8657ECFF5FE" box="[711,755,1961,1985]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
apart, co-existing with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FC44F8657D7BF5D7" authority="Zamponi & Acuna, 1992" authorityName="Zamponi & Acuna" authorityYear="1992" class="Anthozoa" family="Actiniidae" genus="Parabunodactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imperfecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FC44F865790CF5FE" box="[1021,1328,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Parabunodactis imperfecta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E07FFBBDFFE4FFC9FA8EF8657D7BF5D7" author="Zamponi" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Zamponi, M. & Acuna, F. (1992) Algunos Hexacorallia (Cnidaria) del intermareal de Puerto Madryn y la enmienda del genero Parabunodactis Carlgren, 1928. Neotropica, 38 (99), 41 - 51." type="journal article" year="1992">Zamponi & Acuña, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E07FFBBDFFE4FFC9FE30F81D7E50F5D7" author="Lauretta" box="[393,620,2000,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Lauretta, D., Haussermann, V. & Penchaszadeh, P. E. (2009) Re-description of Parabunodactis imperfecta Zamponi & Acuna, 1992 from the Patagonian Argentinean coast. Spixiana, 32 (2), 167 - 172." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Lauretta
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FE56F81D7E14F5D7" box="[495,552,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FD3FF81C784AF5D7" authority="Carlgren, 1899" authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1899" box="[646,1142,2000,2024]" class="Anthozoa" family="Metridiidae" genus="Metridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="senile" subSpecies="lobatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FD3FF81C7F96F5D7" box="[646,938,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Metridium senile lobatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E07FFBBDFFE4FFC9FC78F81C7852F5D7" author="Carlgren" box="[961,1134,2000,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Carlgren, O. (1899) Zoantharien. Hamburger Magalhaensische Sammelreise, 4 (1), 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1899">Carlgren, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE4FFC9FB05F81C79AAF5D7" box="[1212,1430,2000,2024]" class="Anthozoa" family="Actinostolidae" genus="Antholoba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="achates">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE4FFC9FB05F81C79AAF5D7" box="[1212,1430,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="12">Antholoba achates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Drayton in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E07FFBBDFFE2FFCFFE9AFF547D96F290" author="Dana" box="[291,426,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" refString="Dana, J. D. (1846) Zoophytes. In: Volume VII of the United States Exploring Expedition, during the years 1838 - 42, under the command of Charles Wilkes, USN. Lea and Blanchard, Philadelphia 7, pp. 1 - 740." type="journal article" year="1846">Dana, 1846</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); this record of the two latter species extends their known distribution to the Santa Cruz province (DL pers. obs.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CCF4D5C7FFE2FFCFFF7CFF2C7EDDF323" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8451864CFFE2FFCFFF7CFF2C7EDDF323" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE2FFCFFF7CFF2C7D77F2C7" bold="true" box="[197,331,224,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE2FFCFFDFDFF2D7E8CF2C7" box="[580,688,225,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B69A5A5EFFE2FFCFFDFDFF2D7E8CF2C7" box="[580,688,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="14">argentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) refers to the country where the species has been found. The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43EEFDCFFFE2FFCFFEAAFEC87D47F323" box="[275,379,260,284]" class="Anthozoa" family="Haloclavidae" genus="Harenactis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentina">argentina</taxonomicName>
|
||
is used as a noun in opposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |