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<document id="EB5B5A9579262289A327FC6DBE28DC72" ID-CLB-Dataset="22494" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774174" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588094957734" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2020" docId="03B2EA640AEB46962CFCFF17FA87D391" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4765.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Micrococcidae Silvestri 1939" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="197" masterDocId="FF8B921C0A2F46522C6BFF8EFFCBD747" masterDocTitle="A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1698837970293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ECF88131F9A7BAA2BF8508DE4C460FCB">A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2200394033FE170527782113AD88DE83">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B2EA640AEB46962CFCFF17FA87D391" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3796878" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163857743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3796878" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2EA640AEB46962CFCFF17FA87D391" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2EA640AEB46962CFCFF17FA87D391" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AEB46962CFCFF17FD84D7F4" box="[151,591,153,179]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AEB46962CFCFF17FD84D7F4" blockId="196.[151,591,153,179]" box="[151,591,153,179]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962CFCFF17FD84D7F4" ID-CoL="624N4" authority="Silvestri 1939" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,591,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CFCFF17FD84D7F4" bold="true" box="[151,591,153,179]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
MICROCOCCIDAE
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962DCDFF17FD84D7F4" author="Silvestri" box="[422,591,153,179]" firstAuthor="Silvestri" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" refId="ref211382" refString="Silvestri, F. (1939) Compendio di Entomologia Applicata. Parte special, Tipografia Bellavista Portici, 974 pp." type="book" year="1939">Silvestri 1939</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AEB46962CFCFF57FF23D648" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AEB46962CFCFF57FF23D648" blockId="196.[151,1437,216,271]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0B7C5C0AEB46962CFCFF57FF23D648" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABA7D630AEB46962CFCFF57FE24D7B6" box="[151,495,216,241]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962CFCFF57FE24D7B6" ID-CoL="5RMX" authority="Leonardi 1907" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,495,216,241]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CFCFF57FED2D7B7" box="[151,281,217,240]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Micrococcus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962D4AFF56FE24D7B6" author="Leonardi, G." box="[289,495,216,241]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="135 - 169" refId="ref207226" refString="Leonardi, G. (1907) Contribuzione alla conoscenza delle cocciniglie Italiane. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della R. Scuola Superior Agricoltura, Portici, 1, 135 - 169." type="journal article" year="1907">Leonardi 1907, 135</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54A0E5D00AEB46962D91FF57FDE7D7B6" box="[506,556,217,241]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962EE6FF57FC1AD7B6" ID-CoL="42TNW" authority="Leonardi" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityYear="1907" box="[653,977,216,241]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962EE6FF57FCA5D7B7" box="[653,878,216,240]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Micrococcus silvestrii</emphasis>
Leonardi
</taxonomicName>
by subsequent designation Sanderson 1909: 42.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AEB46962CFCFEB9FD6ED5FC" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AEB46962CFCFEB9FD6ED5FC" blockId="196.[151,1437,311,1239]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CFCFEB9FEF9D615" bold="true" box="[151,306,311,338]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Introduction.</emphasis>
This family was revised by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962E1FFEB6FC62D615" author="Miller, D. R. &amp; Williams, D. J." box="[628,937,311,338]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="199 - 247" refId="ref209066" refString="Miller, D. R. &amp; Williams, D. J. (1995) Systematic revision of the Family Micrococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea), with a discussion of its relationships, and a description of a gynandromorph. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria ' Filippo Silvestri'. Portici, 50, 199 - 247. [1993]" type="journal article" year="1995">Miller and Williams (1995)</bibRefCitation>
. It currently contains 2 genera (
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB4696297BFEB7FF32D631" authority="Leonardi" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB4696297BFEB7FA57D615" box="[1296,1436,313,338]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Micrococcus</emphasis>
Leonardi
</taxonomicName>
(9 species) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962DD9FED2FCF3D631" authority="Miller &amp; Williams" authorityName="Miller &amp; Williams" box="[434,824,348,374]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Molluscococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962DD9FED2FDA9D631" box="[434,610,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Molluscococcus</emphasis>
Miller &amp; Williams
</taxonomicName>
(1 species)).
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962FBAFED3FAFCD631" authority="Bytinski-Salz" authorityName="Bytinski-Salz" box="[977,1335,348,374]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bodenheimera">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962FBAFED3FB50D631" box="[977,1179,348,374]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Mi. bodenheimera</emphasis>
Bytinski-Salz
</taxonomicName>
is a pest of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962CDEFE0FFEC5D6DC" box="[181,270,385,411]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
to which it appears to be almost exclusively restricted. Its relationships within the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB469628F7FE0EFAFED6DD" authorityName="Rubsaamen" authorityYear="1899" box="[1180,1333,384,410]" infraOrder="Coccomorpha" pageId="196" pageNumber="6" rank="infraOrder">Coccomorpha</taxonomicName>
were described by Miller and Williams as being an enigma. Miller and Williams did a morphological cladistic analysis based on adult female morphology and concluded that the family was closest to the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962FB8FE46FBF3D6A5" box="[979,1080,456,482]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962801FE46FB2AD6A5" box="[1130,1249,456,482]" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aclerdidae</taxonomicName>
rather than to the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962CFCFE62FEEED541" box="[151,293,492,518]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eriococcidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962D30FE62FDC7D541" box="[347,524,492,518]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
, as sometimes considered (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962F5EFE62FC01D541" author="Ferris" box="[821,970,491,518]" firstAuthor="Ferris" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="59 - 79" refId="ref200799" refString="Ferris, G. F. (1957 a) Notes on some little known genera of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). Microentomology, 22, 59 - 79." type="journal article" year="1957" yearSuffix="a">Ferris, 1957a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962FBEFE62FBB9D541" author="Silvestri" box="[981,1138,492,518]" firstAuthor="Silvestri" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" refId="ref211382" refString="Silvestri, F. (1939) Compendio di Entomologia Applicata. Parte special, Tipografia Bellavista Portici, 974 pp." type="book" year="1939">Silvestri 1939</bibRefCitation>
). The only molecular study that has included a member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962E7DFD9EFD73D56D" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1939" box="[534,696,528,554]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Micrococcidae</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962E95FD9FFC41D56D" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityYear="1907" box="[766,906,529,554]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962E95FD9FFC41D56D" box="[766,906,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Micrococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. from
<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AEB46962F9EFD9EFBE3D56C" box="[1013,1064,528,555]" name="Italy" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Italy</collectingCountry>
) is that of T. Kondo &amp; L.G Cook (unpublished data based on a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962FB8FDBAFBF2D509" box="[979,1081,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
using DNA sequences based on 18S, 28S and partial CO1 data), who found that the Microccoidae fell within the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962867FDD6FBBDD535" box="[1036,1142,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
. The only description of an adult male is by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A26830AEB46962D20FDF2FDB3D5D1" author="Miller, D. R. &amp; Williams, D. J." box="[331,632,635,662]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="199 - 247" refId="ref209066" refString="Miller, D. R. &amp; Williams, D. J. (1995) Systematic revision of the Family Micrococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea), with a discussion of its relationships, and a description of a gynandromorph. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria ' Filippo Silvestri'. Portici, 50, 199 - 247. [1993]" type="journal article" year="1995">Miller and Williams (1995)</bibRefCitation>
. The following diagnosis is based entirely on Miller and Williams’ (1995) study of the male of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962D1CFD2FFDF4D5FD" box="[375,575,672,698]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bodenheimera">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962D1CFD2FFDF4D5FD" box="[375,575,672,698]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Mi. bodenheimera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70AEB46962E25FD2EFD56D5FC" box="[590,669,672,699]" captionStart="FIGURE 77" captionStartId="197.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,192,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@197.[166,1421,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="197" captionText="FIGURE 77. Micrococcus bodenheimeri Bytinski-Salz.Apterous adult male. (Micrococcidae) (After Miller &amp; Williams 1995). Where B=small bilocular pores, C=discoidal pores and D=large bilocular pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774332/files/figure.png" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30108F90AEB46962CACFD4DFA87D391" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AEB46962CACFD4DFEB8D301" blockId="196.[151,1437,311,1239]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CACFD4DFBC3D599" bold="true" box="[199,1032,707,734]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
Family diagnosis based on the adult male of
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962EBBFD4AFBC3D599" box="[720,1032,707,734]" class="Insecta" family="Micrococcidae" genus="Micrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bodenheimera">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962EBBFD4AFBC3D599" bold="true" box="[720,1032,707,734]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Micrococcus bodenheimera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132047F70AEB46962873FD4AFBA1D598" box="[1048,1130,708,735]" captionStart="FIGURE 77" captionStartId="197.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,192,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@197.[166,1421,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="197" captionText="FIGURE 77. Micrococcus bodenheimeri Bytinski-Salz.Apterous adult male. (Micrococcidae) (After Miller &amp; Williams 1995). Where B=small bilocular pores, C=discoidal pores and D=large bilocular pores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774332/files/figure.png" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962816FD4AFB15D599" box="[1149,1246,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Apterous</emphasis>
, therefore thorax membranous, without wings or hamulohalteres and associated structures. Less than
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AEB46962857FD66FBB5D444" box="[1084,1150,744,771]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB469628ADFD66FAC8D445" bold="true" box="[1222,1283,744,770]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Body</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962960FD66FF0DD461" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">with hs setae only</emphasis>
, each short (less than
<quantity id="4CE3F6970AEB46962DDDFC85FE37D460" box="[438,508,779,807]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
long
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962E5FFC82FB42D461" box="[564,1161,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">); simple (discoidal) convex pores frequent throughout,</emphasis>
particularly near margin;
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CFCFCBEFEBBD429" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">bilocular microducts of 2 sizes, smaller pores occasional near dorsopleural setae, larger pores only on venter, most abundant on thorax</emphasis>
. Incipient mouthparts possibly present.
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962F42FCDAFBEBD429" box="[809,1056,852,878]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Antennae 3 segmented</emphasis>
, with only hs setae;
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB4696296EFCDBFE07D4D5" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">capitate setae and antennal bristles absent</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962DB2FCF6FDFBD4D5" bold="true" box="[473,560,888,914]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Thorax</emphasis>
: spiracles normal; with well developed legs;
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB4696284BFCF6FA86D4D5" box="[1056,1357,888,914]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">trochanter sensilla in a line</emphasis>
; femur unusually broad for a male scale insect;
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962E25FC12FC89D4F1" box="[590,834,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">tibia and tarsus fused;</emphasis>
tarsal digitules capitate; claw digitules capitate.
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962938FC15FF01D49D" bold="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Abdomen</emphasis>
with some sclerotisation ventrally on posterior margins of segments. Caudal extensions absent (but with an “oval process” on segment VIII).
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962DAEFC6AFD2ED4B9" box="[453,741,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Glandular pouches absent</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962E98FC6AFB19D4B9" box="[755,1234,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Abdominal sternite fused with penial sheath</emphasis>
. Anal ring present dorsally on segment IX. Penial sheath short and triangular, about twice as long as wide. Aedeagus about as long as penial sheath, blunt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AEB46962CACFBC1FA87D391" blockId="196.[151,1437,311,1239]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="B96F87600AEB46962CACFBC1FE89D32D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1103,1130]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Comment.</emphasis>
Because the adult male of this species is apterous, its taxonomic relationships to other
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962968FBDEFA56D32D" authorityName="Rubsaamen" authorityYear="1899" box="[1283,1437,1104,1130]" infraOrder="Coccomorpha" pageId="196" pageNumber="6" rank="infraOrder">Coccomorpha</taxonomicName>
families is bound to be difficult to establish. However, the trochanter sensilla in a line strongly suggests that this family is not close to the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962D31FB16FDC3D3F5" box="[346,520,1176,1202]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
or acanthococcine
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB46962EB2FB16FCA1D3F5" box="[729,874,1176,1202]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eriococcidae</taxonomicName>
, whilst the presence of simple convex pores and the possible fusion of abdominal segment VIII to the penial sheath suggests a possible closeness to the
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AEB469628A6FB32FA83D391" box="[1229,1352,1212,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Aclerdidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aclerdidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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