285 lines
35 KiB
XML
285 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="10283B76A43A5A73403FFD9A76554F3D" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFF97F67E8C6933B4FAFFFCC0" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Pteropus neohibernicus Peters 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="142" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="141" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
|
||
<mods:mods id="BE7B45F5BB714E9F428E98FA76A06604" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7608A5C32AB90D3F8C92C71B21ADFFC8">
|
||
<mods:title id="3345302E6DE6C100493C0AC0C937BEDE">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="532FBEA3F2EF48C5D83B46F54EA56267" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E0B553EDA5B9C5E3AC176823B0D023AC">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B1933F286C57E896243980A69E1D98B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B78F9500DBF34C18C815DD2C4A9FC117">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D363487BBACE1CA00DCA9D89DF33EACD" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FA2201E36207B8927BB709B7ECD8AC4F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="012719EA7B3EDA0DFDC8B5EB77939F27">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="86C2C97619441068441B1F5C55547C12">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9F0C9A966F9FA93CEC17901B2083CD6F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="53EB6C054129AB2D3EC53A2CD05B5883" type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo id="5899C6561B525F787D51DA9EBFC416FD">
|
||
<mods:dateIssued id="07EE8A0AEB90ED6E9C74A51421374B67">2019</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther id="7A1BEA68117A7360F9DB95072FBA55E8" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher id="6B16A36D059B67497D560A8E63C63D80">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place id="4C597B3FA23863B1018026441C640DBB">
|
||
<mods:placeTerm id="758D8F32507E4A44152E1B6B0E9AD934">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="529BF4FFB887CCDF25E0EE7E602F7632">
|
||
<mods:title id="073DEC7024D1CAD80F8DE83C5226F18F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="F41C9C95B0FDDE5AD120D1D112DB921C">
|
||
<mods:extent id="078C445B0C5473A02722EFBB294EED40" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="F379564C1D7DF96B686198714C03A8FB">16</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E5D2FD233D3BEA05D094CB136AC748B7">162</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E44884C935C9157096964075E162B36B">book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A6C1245330DA3AFE314E73759AA9A991" type="CLB-Dataset">88683</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DBA95409BE03E535366237929C95E056" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6448815</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D4D1466151338B16BD044E142AE0AD24" type="GBIF-Dataset">bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7B2EDF9A5FCFF77EB30F6BD78B110D90" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="114F8CDB544C4ECF68DBC7A0CAB41B78" type="Zenodo-Dep">6448815</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03AD87FAFF97F67E8C6933B4FAFFFCC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794716" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379397" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFF97F67E8C6933B4FAFFFCC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFF97F67E8C6933B4FAFFFCC0" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798C6933B4FA62F84D" box="[1399,1479,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6933B4FA62F84D" blockId="83.[1394,2335,1960,2088]" box="[1399,1479,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="D0F38180FF97F6798C6933B4FA62F84D" box="[1399,1479,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<figureCitation id="133F2A69FF97F6798C6933B4FA62F84D" box="[1399,1479,1960,2006]" captionStart="Plate 9: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="83.[119,148,3362,3387]" captionTargetBox="[11,2744,18,3661]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="144. Ornate Flying Fox (Pleropus ornatus), 145. Seram Flying Fox (Pteropus ocularis), 146. Great Flying Fox (Pteropus neohibernicus), 147. Wallacean Gray Flying Fox (Pleropus griseus), 148. Admiralty Flying Fox (Pteropus admiralitatum), 149. Philippine Gray Flying Fox (Pteropus speciosus), 150. Island Flying Fox (Pleropus hypomelanus), 151. Black-eared Flying Fox (Pteropus melanotus), 152. Black Flying Fox (Pleropus alecto), 153. Spectacled Flying Fox (Pteropus conspicillatus), 154. Geelvink Bay Flying Fox (Pteropus pohlei), 155. Marianas Flying Fox (Pteropus mariannus), 156. Palau Flying Fox (Pteropus pelewensis), 157. Pacific Flying Fox (Pteropus tonganus), 158. Kosrae Flying Fox (Pteropus ualanus), 159. Nicobar Flying Fox (Pteropus faunulus), 160. Ontong Java Flying Fox (Pteropus howensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448891/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">146.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798CC733B4F896F84D" box="[1497,1843,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798CC733B4F896F84D" blockId="83.[1394,2335,1960,2088]" box="[1497,1843,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="D0F38180FF97F6798CC733B4F896F84D" box="[1497,1843,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F6798CC733B4F896F84D" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1497,1843,1960,2006]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Great Flying Fox</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798E6933B4F6B5F84D" box="[1911,2320,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798E6933B4F6B5F84D" blockId="83.[1394,2335,1960,2088]" box="[1911,2320,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="D0F38180FF97F6798E6933B4F6B5F84D" box="[1911,2320,1960,2006]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798E6933B4F6B5F84D" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1911,2320,1960,2006]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798E6933B4F6B5F84D" box="[1911,2320,1960,2006]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Pteropus neohibernicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798C6A33F4F85AF7BE" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6A33F4F6BAF866" blockId="83.[1394,2335,1960,2088]" box="[1396,2335,2024,2045]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="D0F38180FF97F6798C6A33F4F6BAF866" box="[1396,2335,2024,2045]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798C6A33F4FA1AF866" bold="true" box="[1396,1471,2024,2045]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F6798CD733F4F9D8F866" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1481,1661,2024,2045]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Roussette papoue</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798F8D33F4F94BF866" bold="true" box="[1683,1774,2024,2045]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F6798FE933F4F805F866" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1783,1952,2024,2045]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">GroRRer Flughund</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798EAB33F4F7B5F866" bold="true" box="[1973,2064,2024,2045]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F679810733F4F6BAF866" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[2073,2335,2024,2045]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Zorro volador de Bismarck</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6D3C0CF85AF7BE" blockId="83.[1394,2335,1960,2088]" box="[1395,2047,2064,2085]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<heading id="D0F38180FF97F6798C6D3C0CF85AF7BE" box="[1395,2047,2064,2085]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798C6D3C0CF9CEF7BE" bold="true" box="[1395,1643,2064,2085]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Other common names:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F6798F6B3C0CF899F7BE" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1653,1852,2064,2085]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Bismarck Flying Fox</vernacularName>
|
||
,
|
||
<vernacularName id="050746C2FF97F6798E543C0CF85AF7BE" ID-CoL="4Q334" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[1866,2047,2064,2085]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Greater Flying Fox</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798EC63C4AF75BF700" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798EC63C4AF75BF700" blockId="83.[2008,2603,2134,2558]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798EC63C4AF7D4F7E8" bold="true" box="[2008,2161,2134,2163]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679819F3C4AF75CF700" ID-CoL="4Q334" authority="Peters, 1876" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus melanopogonvar. neohibernicus Peters, 1876</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F67980113C62F671F758" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F67980113C62F671F758" blockId="83.[2008,2603,2134,2558]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FF97F67980113C62F671F758" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391390" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
“Neu-Irland [= New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF97F6798EC73CB6F707F758" box="[2009,2210,2218,2243]" name="Ireland Island" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Ireland Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
],”
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF97F67981D83CB6F675F758" box="[2246,2512,2218,2243]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798EC73CD1F717F634" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798EC73CD1F717F634" blockId="83.[2008,2603,2134,2558]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798EC73CD1F756F771" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[2009,2291,2253,2282]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neohibernicus">Pteropus neohibernicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67980703CD1F667F771" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1810" box="[2414,2498,2253,2282]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">griseus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679819C3CE8F773F68A" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1810" box="[2178,2262,2292,2321]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">griseus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981F23CE8F604F68A" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1894" box="[2284,2465,2292,2321]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="admiralitatum">admiralitatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67980A83CE8F586F68A" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1908" box="[2486,2595,2292,2321]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="speciosus">speciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798EC53D3CF7DEF6A2" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" box="[2011,2171,2336,2361]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hypomelanus">hypomelanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679818C3D3CF6AAF6A2" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1863" box="[2194,2319,2336,2361]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="melanotus">melanotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679803B3D3CF6CDF6A2" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1837" box="[2341,2408,2336,2361]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alecto">alecto</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67980603D3CF586F6A2" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1850" box="[2430,2595,2336,2361]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">conspicillatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798EC63D5FF787F6FB" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1933" box="[2008,2082,2371,2400]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pohlei">pohlei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981223D5FF760F6FB" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2108,2245,2371,2400]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mariannus">mariannus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981C33D5FF6FEF6FB" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1908" box="[2269,2395,2371,2400]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="pelewensis">pelewensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67980683D5FF64CF6FB" box="[2422,2537,2371,2400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Elaeocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonganus">tonganus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679831D3D5FF785F613" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1883" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ualanus">ualanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679812E3D73F70DF613" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" box="[2096,2216,2415,2440]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679801E3D73F6C9F613" authorityName="Troughton" authorityYear="1931" box="[2304,2412,2415,2440]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="howensis">howensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two subspecies recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798EC73DA5F7ADF5D7" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="multiple">
|
||
<caption id="DF7B6664FF97F6798EC73DA5F7ADF5D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803874" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803874/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" startId="83.[2009,2161,2489,2518]" targetBox="[1393,1984,2140,2553]" targetPageId="83">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798EC73DA5F6C4F64D" blockId="83.[2008,2603,2134,2558]" box="[2009,2401,2489,2518]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798EC73DA5F6C4F64D" bold="true" box="[2009,2401,2489,2518]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798EC73DF9F77DF5BE" blockId="83.[2008,2603,2134,2558]" lastBlockId="83.[1394,2602,2564,3268]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798EC73DF9F77DF5BE" authority="Peters, 1876" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="neohibernicus" subSpecies="neohibernicus">P.n.neohibernicusPeters,1876—RajaAmpatIs(GebeandMisool),NewGuinea,andBismarckArchipelago.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6D3E33F7ADF5D7" blockId="83.[1394,2602,2564,3268]" box="[1395,2056,2607,2636]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798C6D3E33F93EF5D7" authority=": Felten, 1961" authorityName=": Felten" authorityYear="1961" box="[1395,1691,2607,2636]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subSpecies" species="neohibernicus" subSpecies="hill">P. n. hill: Felten, 1961</taxonomicName>
|
||
— Admiralty Is (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF97F6798E9E3E33F87AF5D7" box="[1920,2015,2607,2636]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Manus" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Manus</collectingRegion>
|
||
I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798C6D3E4FF5BBF3D5" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6D3E4FF5BBF3D5" blockId="83.[1394,2602,2564,3268]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798C6D3E4FF9CBF5EF" bold="true" box="[1395,1646,2643,2676]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F6798E2E3E4FF84DF5EF" box="[1840,2024,2643,2676]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.02" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="302.0" valueMax="370.0" valueMin="234.0">234-370 mm</quantity>
|
||
(tailless), ear
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F67981DF3E4FF6FFF5EF" box="[2241,2394,2643,2676]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="20.0">20-31 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F67980E43E4FFA73F500" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="78.0" valueMin="45.0">45— 78 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F6798F7D3E66F8B0F500" box="[1635,1813,2682,2715]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9449999999999998" metricValueMax="2.2399999999999998" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="194.5" valueMax="224.0" valueMin="165.0">165-224 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight 1.1-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F6798EDE3E66F7A5F500" box="[1984,2048,2682,2715]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="kg" value="5.0">5 kg</quantity>
|
||
(mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F679816C3E66F76FF500" box="[2162,2250,2682,2715]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="kg" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 kg</quantity>
|
||
). The Great Flying Fox is the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798F153EBEF9D1F558" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[1547,1652,2722,2755]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with predominantly golden brown short fur. Muzzle is long, sparsely haired, and dark; rhinarium is black, with shortly tubular nostrils. Eyes are large, with darker, sparsely furred surrounds; irises are brown. Ears are long, dark, pointed, and exposed above. Face is medium brown, and crown is straw yellow. Mantle has longer, reddish golden fur. Back is very sparsely furred for a width of
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F67981A93F5CF6B0F4FA" box="[2231,2325,2880,2913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
or more and brown or yellow-brown. Rump is yellow-brown, black-brown, or reddish. Tibia is dark and unfurred. Chest and belly are reddish brown, with hairs having yellow tipping. Genitals are black. Wing membranes are black, originating high above medial plane. Skull is very large, with long rostrum and obvious sagittal and occipital crests. Canines are long, almoststraight; cheekteeth are peculiarly short and broad, with rounded edges and illdefined cusps, lacking basal ledges, and usually pigmented in shades of reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF97F6798C6D3848F65FF35F" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798C6D3848F65FF35F" blockId="83.[1394,2602,2564,3268]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF97F6798C6D3848FA45F3EE" bold="true" box="[1395,1504,3156,3189]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Forests and savannas from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF97F67981F93848F6F7F3EE" box="[2279,2386,3156,3189]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</quantity>
|
||
. Large colonies occur in swamp forests. Of two Great Flying Foxes tracked with satellite transmitters, one remained in mangrove forests and the other stayed in savanna and riparian habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7B6664FF97F6798969393EF664F211" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448891/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" startId="83.[119,148,3362,3387]" targetBox="[11,2744,18,3661]" targetPageId="82">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF97F6798969393EF664F211" blockId="83.[117,2585,3362,3470]" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">
|
||
On following pages: 147. Wallacean Gray Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798BBE393EFCF5F2A0" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1810" box="[672,848,3362,3387]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="142" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">Pteropus griseus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 148. Admiralty Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798D65393EFAD5F2A0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1894" box="[1147,1392,3362,3387]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="admiralitatum">Pteropus admiralitatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 149. Philippine Gray Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798FCC393EF805F2A0" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1908" box="[1746,1952,3362,3387]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speciosus">Pteropus speciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 150. Island Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981BB393EF63DF2A0" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" box="[2213,2456,3362,3387]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypomelanus">Pteropus hypomelanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 151. Blackeared Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679882E3956FDA1F2F8" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1863" box="[304,516,3402,3427]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanotus">Pteropus melanotus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 152. Black Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798A1F3956FC00F2F8" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1837" box="[769,933,3402,3427]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="144" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alecto">Pteropus alecto</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 153. Spectacled Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798DFE3956FA74F2F8" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1850" box="[1248,1489,3402,3427]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">Pteropus conspicillatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 154. Geelvink Bay Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798E3E3956F8DBF2F8" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[1824,1918,3402,3427]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
|
||
pohlel); 155. Marianas Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981F53956F61BF2F8" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2283,2494,3402,3427]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mariannus">Pteropus mariannus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 156.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF97F67989B53969FF45F211" box="[171,224,3445,3466]" name="Palau" pageId="83" pageNumber="141">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F679887F3969FD99F211" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1908" box="[353,572,3445,3466]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelewensis">Pteropus pelewensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 157. Pacific Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798A5C3969FBADF211" authorityName="Quoy & Gaimard" authorityYear="1830" box="[834,1032,3445,3466]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tonganus">Pteropus tonganus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 158. Kosrae Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798C093969FA6EF211" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1883" box="[1303,1483,3445,3466]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ualanus">Pteropus ualanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 159. Nicobar Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F6798FFD3969F804F211" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" box="[1763,1953,3445,3466]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="faunulus">Pteropus faunulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 160. Ontong Java Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF97F67981F23969F613F211" authorityName="Troughton" authorityYear="1931" box="[2284,2486,3445,3466]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howensis">Pteropus howensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89B8350EFB9DFE19" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89B8350EFB9DFE19" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89B8350EFE17FEA8" bold="true" box="[166,434,274,307]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Diet of the Great Flying Fox includes fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E8D7E350EFAF1FEA8" box="[1120,1364,274,307]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ficus (Moraceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E89B53525FD8DFEC1" box="[171,552,313,346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Terminalia (Combretaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E8B633525FBB4FEC1" box="[637,1041,313,346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Calophyllaceae" genus="Calophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Calophyllum (Calophyllaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
and nectar from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E8C0A3525FE02FE19" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E88A43579FD16FE19" box="[442,691,357,386]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cocos (Arecaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF90F67E8A1B3579FB90FE19" box="[773,1077,357,386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Trema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Trema (Cannabaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89B83594FC64FE4B" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89B83594FC64FE4B" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89B83594FE88FE32" bold="true" box="[166,301,392,425]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Most female Great Flying Foxes in a colony on
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF90F67E8AD73594FBCAFE32" box="[969,1135,392,425]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">New Britain</collectingRegion>
|
||
islands were carrying young in December and half-grown young in June.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89BB35CBFC70FD84" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89BB35CBFC70FD84" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89BB35CBFE35FE63" bold="true" box="[165,400,471,504]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Great Flying Fox is nocturnal but has been seen feeding during the day. Roosts are high in the tallest trees near coastlines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89B8363AFE1AFD26" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89B8363AFE1AFD26" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89B8363AFCFEFDDC" bold="true" box="[166,859,550,583]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Two Great Flying Foxes tracked with satellite transmitters for 62 and 120 days traveled radial distances of
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF90F67E8D7F3651FB10FDF5" box="[1121,1205,589,622]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF90F67E8DE03651FAF0FDF5" box="[1278,1365,589,622]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" unit="km" value="73.0">73 km</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (total distances of
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF90F67E8B403669FD62FD0D" box="[606,711,629,662]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" unit="km" value="960.0">960 km</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF90F67E8A0B3669FC21FD0D" box="[789,900,629,662]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" unit="km" value="225.0">225 km</quantity>
|
||
). They roost in colonies of thousands of individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89B936D8FD80FCA8" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89B936D8FD80FCA8" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89B936D8FDA4FD7E" bold="true" box="[167,513,708,741]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. The Great Flying Fox is locally common and widespread. It is likely hunted throughout its distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF90F67E89B9375EFAFFFCC0" box="[167,1370,834,859]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF90F67E89B9375EFAFFFCC0" blockId="84.[164,1376,274,864]" box="[167,1370,834,859]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF90F67E89B9375EFE98FCC0" bold="true" box="[167,317,834,859]" pageId="84" pageNumber="142">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Almeida et al. (2014), Andersen (1912b), Bonaccorso (1998), Breed et al. (2010), Salas et al. (2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |