242 lines
28 KiB
XML
242 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="9910D2652E6BD5D0921074E47EFE7B3E" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFF8FF6668C7231E7FDDFFE67" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Neopteryx frosti Hayman 1946" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="26F043F9BCE9536C00EA5FFF5943AE93" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7F6971FD0AC181000CD0C977F80CC026">
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<mods:title id="CAECC3983AE8E6F9F10727DA9CAC20E6">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="745FBE52DA05AF2241709D5430E98960" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="31623BC2B69B71A3C127C32C0A3D1E16">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6AD8BE0DF2AF3906AEB610F0D5469532">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2FCE46B30706A2931F45966F503598A8">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="148530C82C1477FB5AD63945E1DADB2C">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="63AD8B02B361771D21D888078145F008" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="C8621B4ACF8049E5229042C85FA5E8CF">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="2CD4B9588F3FD4A1457C147BB664059A">
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<mods:placeTerm id="BD6E343E389EC1C4D61B96E1D338F0DC">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A106DB22DFF944DC4FFA775B91DC1FA0">
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<mods:title id="45B9A1D32CEF0A4FDBDC5C9A87033FFE">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="ACED3F462E5B38E7193B9642D43E3C64">
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<mods:start id="CAB4C7A36F0FDFCE7730CA775FED4E07">16</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A1CE8251BB72532326A548658F6980BB">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FFC26514BF1C9093B10F6ABFF3B5B457" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6448815</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2F90349EF358B79F27BB0E0C7DBA67CA" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AD87FAFF8FF6668C7231E7FDDFFE67" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794695" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794695" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFF8FF6668C7231E7FDDFFE67" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFF8FF6668C7231E7FDDFFE67" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C7231E7FA1EF9B2" box="[1388,1467,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C7231E7FA1EF9B2" blockId="75.[1383,2311,1531,1620]" box="[1388,1467,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF6618C7231E7FA1EF9B2" box="[1388,1467,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<figureCitation id="133F2A69FF8FF6618C7231E7FA1EF9B2" box="[1388,1467,1531,1577]" captionStart="Plate 8: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="75.[98,128,3361,3386]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,16,3662]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="127. Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat (Styloctenium wallacei), 128. Mindoro Stripe-faced Fruit Bat (Styloctenium mindorensis), 129. Small-toothed Fruit Bat (Neopteryx frosti), 130. Sulawesi Flying Fox (Acerodon celebensis), 131. Talaud Flying Fox (Acerodon humilis), 132. Golden-capped Flying Fox (Acerodon jubatus), 133. Palawan Flying Fox (Acerodon leucotis), 134. Sunda Flying Fox (Acerodon macklotii), 135. Moluccan Masked Flying Fox (Pleropus personatus), 136. Lombok Flying Fox (Pteropus lombocensus), 137. Little Red Flying Fox (Pteropus scapulatus), 138. Big-eared Flying Fox (Pteropus macrotis), 139. Gilliard’s Flying Fox (Pteropus gilliardorum), 140. Sanborn’s Flying Fox (Pleropus mahaganus), 141. Dwarf Flying Fox (Pteropus woodfordi), 142. Pohnpei Flying Fox (Pteropus molossinus), 143. Chuuk Flying Fox (Pteropus pelagicus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448883/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">129.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618CD331E7F813F9B2" box="[1485,1974,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618CD331E7F813F9B2" blockId="75.[1383,2311,1531,1620]" box="[1485,1974,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF6618CD331E7F813F9B2" box="[1485,1974,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF6618CD331E7F813F9B2" ID-CoL="46RG2" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[1485,1974,1531,1577]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">Small-toothed Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618EE431E7F6A2F9B2" box="[2042,2311,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618EE431E7F6A2F9B2" blockId="75.[1383,2311,1531,1620]" box="[2042,2311,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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||
<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF6618EE431E7F6A2F9B2" box="[2042,2311,1531,1577]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618EE431E7F6A2F9B2" ID-CoL="46RG2" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[2042,2311,1531,1577]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618EE431E7F6A2F9B2" box="[2042,2311,1531,1577]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Neopteryx frosti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C763227F77CF9CB" box="[1384,2265,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C763227F77CF9CB" blockId="75.[1383,2311,1531,1620]" box="[1384,2265,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF6618C763227F77CF9CB" box="[1384,2265,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C763227FA16F9CB" bold="true" box="[1384,1459,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF6618CA03227F9DFF9CB" ID-CoL="46RG2" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[1470,1658,1595,1616]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">Roussette de Frost</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618F913227F94CF9CB" bold="true" box="[1679,1769,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF6618FEA3227F80CF9CB" ID-CoL="46RG2" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[1780,1961,1595,1616]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">Kleinzahnflughund</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618EA03227F7BFF9CB" bold="true" box="[1982,2074,1595,1616]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF661813A3227F77CF9CB" ID-CoL="46RG2" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[2084,2265,1595,1616]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">Nedptero de Frost</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ED23299F5BEF939" box="[1996,2587,1669,1698]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ED23299F5BEF939" blockId="75.[1994,2590,1669,2092]" box="[1996,2587,1669,1698]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618ED23299F7C2F939" bold="true" box="[1996,2151,1669,1698]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66181693299F5B3F939" ID-CoL="46RG2" authority="Hayman, 1946" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[2167,2582,1669,1698]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frosti">Neopteryx frosti Hayman, 1946</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ED332ACF6DEF96A" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ED332ACF6DEF96A" blockId="75.[1994,2590,1669,2092]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FF8FF6618ED332ACF6DEF96A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391400" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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“Tamalanti, West
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF66181D732ACF690F952" box="[2249,2357,1712,1737]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Celebes</collectingRegion>
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[=
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF661807332ACF641F952" box="[2413,2532,1712,1737]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF8FF66180E932ACF79AF96A" name="Indonesia" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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||
],
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF661814732C8F71BF96A" box="[2137,2238,1748,1777]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0058399999999998" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="ft" value="3300.0">3300 ft.</quantity>
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||
[=
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<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF66181EA32C8F6C5F96A" box="[2292,2400,1748,1777]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0059999999999998" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1006.0">1006 m</quantity>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ED332E7F68EF8A4" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ED332E7F68EF8A4" blockId="75.[1994,2590,1669,2092]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618ED332E7F7EDF883" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[1997,2120,1787,1816]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Neopteryx</taxonomicName>
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is sister taxon to typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66180AC32E7F5BBF883" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[2482,2590,1787,1816]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618114333EF725F8A4" box="[2058,2176,1826,1855]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acerodon</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ED5335AF65AF82D" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF7B6664FF8FF6618ED5335AF65AF82D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803838/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" startId="75.[1995,2167,1862,1895]" targetBox="[1380,1971,1674,2088]" targetPageId="75">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ED5335AF65AF82D" blockId="75.[1994,2590,1669,2092]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618ED5335AF7DEF8FC" bold="true" box="[1995,2171,1862,1895]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Only known from two localities in C & NE
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF66181A7336EF688F814" box="[2233,2349,1906,1935]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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(Talamanti and Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ED433A0F884F539" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ED433A0F884F539" blockId="75.[1994,2590,1669,2092]" lastBlockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618ED433A0F76CF846" bold="true" box="[1994,2249,1980,2013]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body c.
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF66180BE33A0F5BFF846" box="[2464,2586,1980,2013]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="155.0">155 mm</quantity>
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||
(tailless), ear 18-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF66181AA33F0F6E0F79E" box="[2228,2373,2028,2053]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="6.0">6—20 mm</quantity>
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||
, hindfoot with claws 30-5-33-
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF66181B83C17F6A8F7B7" box="[2214,2317,2059,2092]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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||
, forearm 104-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF661831E3C17FA7CF7C9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="11.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="111.0" valueMin="9.0">9- 111 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618F4C3C2DF945F7C9" box="[1618,1760,2097,2130]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="g" value="220.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="190.0">190-250 g</quantity>
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||
. Males have shorter forearms than females but larger skull dimensions. Sepia-brown muzzle is crossed by three cream-white stripes: one stripe runs from tip of muzzle to forehead and other two along outside of muzzle to just behind end of eyes. Long woolly hair is present on upperparts of body, especially on back of mantle; individual hairs on mantle are brownish white dorsally and brownish only at tips, thereby giving clear demarcation from darker hairs on lower parts of back. Underparts of body have uniformly brown short fur, somewhat lighter at most at hair bases. Ventrally, collar area with its uniformly light brown hair is not as clearly separated. Thumb has well-developed claw; index claw is absent. Wing membrane begins at back near medial line and below between base offirst and second toe. Wing membranes are light to medium brown, with network pattern of blackish brown lines and spots. Rostrum is elongated and sharply tapering. Rami of mandible are thin. Posterior palatine foramina are large. Dental formulais12/2,C1/1,P 2/3, M 2/3 (x2) = 32. I! is slightly larger than I*. C! has narrow posterior basal shelf. Premolars and molars are small and simplified, with smooth and rounded crowns. P! is absent, and P? is higher but shorter than P*, M!, and M2.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C7C3EB6F5B6F550" box="[1378,2579,2730,2763]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C7C3EB6F5B6F550" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" box="[1378,2579,2730,2763]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C7C3EB6FA74F550" bold="true" box="[1378,1489,2730,2763]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Primary forests from lowlands to montane areas at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF661807A3EB6F5B5F550" box="[2404,2576,2730,2763]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.154999999999999" metricValueMax="10.059999999999999" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="615.5" valueMax="1006.0" valueMin="225.0">225-1006 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C7F3ECEF96DF4A4" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C7F3ECEF96DF4A4" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C7F3ECEF9CDF568" bold="true" box="[1377,1640,2770,2803]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Narrowing ofpalate in front section, combined with tongue papillae and weakening ofteeth, suggest that the Small-toothed Fruit Bat eats rather soft fruit and flower products.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C7F3F54F92EF446" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C7F3F54F92EF446" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C7F3F54FA42F4F2" bold="true" box="[1377,1511,2888,2921]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
One Small-toothed Fruit Bat was pregnant with one embryo in March. Two other females bought at the market of Imandi were also pregnant in January and May. Embryos were 21-48-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618F8E3F8BF943F423" box="[1680,1766,2967,3000]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618FE73F8BF899F423" box="[1785,1852,2967,3000]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens have external penis of c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF661805C3F8BF602F423" box="[2370,2471,2967,3000]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
length. Longevity is c.6 years.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C403FFAF817F3CF" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C403FFAF817F3CF" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C403FFAF9EFF39C" bold="true" box="[1374,1610,3046,3079]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Small-toothed Fruit Bat is probably crepuscular or nocturnal. It presumably flies high in upper parts oftreetops. Two specimens were caught with mist nets high above the Sungei Tumpah
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618E79382FF80BF3CF" box="[1895,1966,3123,3156]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618C413847F6A9F3E7" box="[1375,2316,3163,3196]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618C413847F6A9F3E7" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" box="[1375,2316,3163,3196]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C413847F7B8F3E7" bold="true" box="[1375,2077,3163,3196]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6668C7E3894FB91FE36" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6668C7E3894FB91FE36" blockId="75.[1374,2587,2097,3276]" lastBlockId="76.[172,1378,277,514]" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618C7E3894F964F33E" bold="true" box="[1376,1729,3208,3237]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Despite intensive searches, only seven Small-toothed Fruit Bats have been described from two regions far away from each other. Captures have been limited to primary forests, which in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF88F66689CC3520FEE3FEC6" box="[210,326,316,349]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="76" pageNumber="134">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
are declining due to deforestation and spread of agriculture. Hunting for bushmeatis a threat, and hunters report thatit is becoming increasingly rare. Additional research and conservation programs are urgently needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF7B6664FF8FF661897C393DF659F20E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448883/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" startId="75.[98,128,3361,3386]" targetBox="[12,2745,16,3662]" targetPageId="74">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661897C393DF603F2DE" blockId="75.[96,2582,3342,3480]" box="[98,2470,3361,3397]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
On following pages: 130.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF661886E393EFE69F2A0" box="[368,460,3362,3387]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
||
Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618B52393FFC82F2A6" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[588,807,3363,3389]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="celebensis">Acerodon celebensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 131. Talaud Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618D32393AFB46F2A4" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1909" box="[1068,1251,3366,3391]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humilis">Acerodon humilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 132. Golden-capped Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618F563934F95BF2D9" baseAuthorityName="Eschscholtz" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1608,1790,3368,3394]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jubatus">Acerodon jubatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 133.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618E563936F839F2D8" box="[1864,1948,3370,3395]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Palawan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66181023937F77FF2DF" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1950" box="[2076,2266,3371,3396]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucotis">Acerodon leucotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
): 134. Sunda Flying
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661897D3951F659F20E" blockId="75.[96,2582,3342,3480]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF661898B3951FF5CF2F9" box="[149,249,3405,3426]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acerodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
macklotil); 135. Moluccan Masked Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618BF8394CFC1AF2FE" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1825" box="[742,959,3408,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personatus">Pteropus personatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 136. Lombok Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618DC2394EFA63F2F3" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1878" box="[1244,1478,3410,3432]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lombocensis">Pteropus lombocensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 137. Little Red Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618FF53949F81AF2F1" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1862" box="[1771,1983,3413,3434]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scapulatus">Pteropus scapulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 138. Big-eared Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66181F4394BF60EF2F6" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[2282,2475,3415,3437]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">Pteropus macrotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
): 139. Gilliard's Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618875396DFDEFF210" authorityName="Van Deusen" authorityYear="1969" box="[363,586,3441,3467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gilliardorum">Pteropus gilliardorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 140. Sanborn’s Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618A6B3968FBF1F216" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="1931" box="[885,1108,3444,3469]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mahaganus">Pteropus mahaganus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 141. Dwarf Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618C49396AFA10F214" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[1367,1461,3446,3471]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodford); 142.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618F713964F964F20A" box="[1647,1729,3448,3473]" country="Micronesia" name="Pohnpei" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Pohnpei</collectingRegion>
|
||
Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618E5F3965F7BBF209" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" box="[1857,2078,3449,3474]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molossinus">Pteropus molossinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 143.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF66181783966F70DF208" box="[2150,2216,3450,3475]" country="Micronesia" name="Chuuk" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Chuuk</collectingRegion>
|
||
Flying Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66180373967F654F20E" authorityName="Kittlitz" authorityYear="1836" box="[2345,2545,3451,3477]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelagicus">Pteropus pelagicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF88F66689B335A7FDDFFE67" pageId="76" pageNumber="134" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF88F66689B335A7FDDFFE67" blockId="76.[172,1378,277,514]" pageId="76" pageNumber="134">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF88F66689B335A7FEE3FE4F" bold="true" box="[173,326,443,468]" pageId="76" pageNumber="134">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Almeida et al. (2014), Bergmans (2001), Bergmans & Rozendaal (1988), Hayman (1946), Nowak (1999), Pacifici et al. (2013), Tsang (20164).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |