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<document id="FECCB6D1BE5CB11BD0A18F31FAE65A01" ID-CLB-Dataset="133174" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac047" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1e4429c6-f7e3-4fa6-a46c-d3ff40c5a4cc" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7035965" ID-ZooBank="73CBB6F1-25E1-42FD-9411-AB8FE69BEFA5" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1661768546673" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Yumeng, Ma, Peizhen, Zhang, Zhen, Li, Cui, Chen, Ya, Wang, Yunan &amp; Wang, Haiyan" docDate="2022" docId="03A0DE60FFA5FF9973CB6A6DDB90FBD4" docLanguage="en" docName="zlac047.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Tapetinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="358" masterDocId="FF99A618FFA9FF9573686F49D856FFC2" masterDocTitle="The new phylogenetic relationships in Veneridae (Bivalvia: Venerida)" masterLastPageNumber="365" masterPageNumber="346" pageNumber="358" updateTime="1699374167827" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F1E87B84B5784D6DD282FEFF455F6288">The new phylogenetic relationships in Veneridae (Bivalvia: Venerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2206E045B7C7850F3FF6AEF6BC3DBAF">Liu, Yumeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D454A952D289D768FF98908BCE32FA4F">Ma, Peizhen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A1FE3C7D48C4C08E032ADD8CEC38EDEB">Zhang, Zhen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F128F68C53F881BC7F2BE5151993D84">Li, Cui</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="7403F19AD6CB9C56BAAE00562044EF9C">Chen, Ya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C0C79E1F13CC9DDD8CBCF9AE7B487F42">Wang, Yunan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="78D4B460EB05F50D0E43F57F52BF1E20">Wang, Haiyan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6824A5F945736470C14C657B10C9C380">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B0C3B3C2F85E7052F8ACAA899C6B6DB5">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6138999C79161823A5ED5859A7758858">2022-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="02BF7B321E233E10DA3A342EEF3AF6A9">196</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8E5FAF26CD10D453D239BC90C964BFE2" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac047</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A0DE60FFA5FF9973CB6A6DDB90FBD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7036993" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199898885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7036993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0DE60FFA5FF9973CB6A6DDB90FBD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0DE60FFA5FF9973CB6A6DDB90FBD4" lastPageNumber="358" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<subSubSection id="C3133CFDFFA5FF9973CB6A6DD94DFAF9" box="[163,283,1316,1339]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB66F76FFA5FF9973CB6A6DD94DFAF9" blockId="12.[163,283,1316,1339]" box="[163,283,1316,1339]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<heading id="D0FED81AFFA5FF9973CB6A6DD94DFAF9" box="[163,283,1316,1339]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9973CB6A6DD94DFAF9" ID-CoL="8R4GY" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[163,283,1316,1339]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tapetinae">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9973CB6A6DD94DFAF9" box="[163,283,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapetinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3133CFDFFA5FF9973CB6A05DB90FBD4" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB66F76FFA5FF9973CB6A05DC43FEF5" blockId="12.[163,780,1356,1899]" lastBlockId="12.[827,1443,197,1047]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9972706A05D9DFFAA0" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[280,393,1356,1378]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tapetinae">Tapetinae</taxonomicName>
seem to evolve more rapidly than other subfamilies in
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9972F26A23DA45FA42" box="[410,531,1386,1408]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Veneridae</taxonomicName>
, either from the less conservative gene arrangement or from the higher transversion divergence rate in 16S (
<bibRefCitation id="EF981287FFA5FF99710C6AE1D88AFA1E" author="Canapa A &amp; Marota I &amp; Rollo F &amp; Olmo E" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" pagination="517 - 522" refId="ref9599" refString="Canapa A, Marota I, Rollo F, Olmo E. 1996. Phylogenetic analysis of Veneridae (Bivalvia): comparison of molecular and palaeontological data. Journal of Molecular Evolution 43: 517 - 522." type="journal article" year="1996">
Canapa
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9971A06AE0DB53FA7F" box="[712,773,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
, 1996
</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, the homogeneously morphological characters led to misidentification and unreasonable phylogenetic inference by
<bibRefCitation id="EF981287FFA5FF9972BD694DDAE2F9D8" author="Chen J &amp; Li Q &amp; Kong L &amp; Zheng X" box="[469,692,1540,1562]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" pagination="260 - 271" refId="ref9895" refString="Chen J, Li Q, Kong L, Zheng X. 2011 b. Molecular phylogeny of Venus clams (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneridae) with emphasis on the systematic position of taxa along the coast of mainland China. Zoologica Scripta 40: 260 - 271." type="journal article" year="2011">
Chen
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF997173694CDA03F9DB" box="[539,597,1540,1562]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
(2011b)
</bibRefCitation>
. In our study, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99723E696AD9F1F9FA" authorityName="H. Adams &amp; A. Adams" authorityYear="1857" box="[342,423,1571,1592]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99723E696AD9F1F9FA" box="[342,423,1571,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is polyphyletic:
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99713C696ADB5DF9F5" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[596,779,1570,1592]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hiantina">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99713C696ADB5DF9F5" box="[596,779,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia hiantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9973BB690BDA61F994" authority="(Gmelin, 1791)" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1791" box="[211,567,1601,1623]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9973BB690BD9DDF995" box="[211,395,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia japonica</emphasis>
(Gmelin, 1791)
</taxonomicName>
cluster with
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9971A1690BD9A3F9B7" authority="Megerle von Muhlfeld, 1811" authorityName="Megerle von Muhlfeld" authorityYear="1811" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9971A1690BDB5CF995" box="[713,778,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapes</emphasis>
Megerle von Mühlfeld,
<quantity id="4CF1C293FFA5FF9972D46929D9A3F9B7" box="[444,501,1632,1653]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.59994" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" unit="in" value="1811.0">1811</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in both trees, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9973CB6936D9A4F956" authority="(Holten, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Holten" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[163,498,1662,1684]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="recens">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9973CB6936D913F956" box="[163,325,1663,1684]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia recens</emphasis>
(Holten, 1802)
</taxonomicName>
clusters with
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9971F26937DABAF951" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[666,748,1662,1683]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Paphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9971F26937DABAF951" box="[666,748,1662,1683]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Paphia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the CB tree and with
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9972F169D4D8B4F910" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Ruditapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="decussatus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9972F169D4DADAF970" box="[409,652,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ruditapes decussatus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
in the MT tree (
<figureCitation id="133273F3FFA5FF9972F269F5D98FF913" box="[410,473,1724,1746]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[145,223,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[145,1466,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogram of clade A.A, phylogram of clades A1–A4 from Figure 3. B, phylogram of clade A from Figure 3, except for clades A1–A4. C, phylogram of clade A from Figure 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). This result indicates that
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9973CB6992D930F92D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[163,358,1754,1776]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hiantina">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9973CB6992D930F92D" box="[163,358,1754,1776]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia hiantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9972CC6992DA30F932" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1791" box="[420,614,1755,1776]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9972CC6992DA30F932" box="[420,614,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a closer relationship to
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99723A69B3D9C2F8CD" authorityName="Megerle von Muhlfeld" authorityYear="1811" box="[338,404,1786,1807]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99723A69B3D9C2F8CD" box="[338,404,1786,1807]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is consistently supported by the mitochondrial gene arrangement. In addition, we confirmed two shell forms of
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99717D687EDA87F889" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[533,721,1846,1868]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hiantina">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99717D687EDA87F889" box="[533,721,1846,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia hiantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133273F3FFA5FF997188687FD8E7F8A8" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[146,224,590,612]" captionTargetBox="[241,1329,195,550]" captionTargetId="figure-646@11.[241,1329,195,550]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. A, B, Two forms of the shell of Marcia hiantina (type B shell form is shown in B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035989/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), of which one (
<typeStatus id="54B2D1D4FFA5FF997235681CD9D8F8A8" box="[349,398,1877,1898]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">type</typeStatus>
B) is similar to
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF997128681FDAD1F8A9" box="[576,647,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF997128681FDAD5F8A9" authorityName="Megerle von Muhlfeld" authorityYear="1811" box="[576,643,1878,1899]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Tapes</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As a result, we here suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99772D6F8FDD5BFF18" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1093,1293,197,219]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hiantina">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99772D6F8FDD5BFF18" box="[1093,1293,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia hiantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9976256F8FDBCDFF3B" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1791" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Marcia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9976256F8FDBCDFF3B" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Marcia japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be reassigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9976426FADDD3DFF3B" authorityName="Megerle von Muhlfeld" authorityYear="1811" box="[1322,1387,228,249]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9976426FADDD3DFF3B" box="[1322,1387,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and rename them as
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9970956E4ADCFDFED5" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma &amp; Zhang &amp; Li &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1021,1195,258,280]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hiantina" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970956E4ADCFDFED5" box="[1021,1195,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapes hiantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24E0E1FFFA5FF9977DA6E4BDD71FEDA" box="[1202,1319,258,280]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9976096E4ADBCDFEF5" authorityName="Liu &amp; Ma &amp; Zhang &amp; Li &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2022" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Tapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="japonica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9976096E4ADBCDFEF5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Tapes japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24E0E1FFFA5FF9970C96E68DC43FEF5" box="[929,1045,289,311]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB66F76FFA5FF99703B6E09DC34FCE3" blockId="12.[827,1443,197,1047]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
The placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99775D6E08DC31FE94" authorityName="F. C. Schmidt" authorityYear="1818" box="[1077,1127,321,342]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Irus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99775D6E08DC31FE94" box="[1077,1127,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the topology based on multigene fragments failed to support the monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9970316E34DB87FE51" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[857,977,381,403]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tapetinae">Tapetinae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133273F3FFA5FF99708B6E34DC6CFE50" box="[995,1082,381,403]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[145,223,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[145,1466,197,1706]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogram of clade A.A, phylogram of clades A1–A4 from Figure 3. B, phylogram of clade A from Figure 3, except for clades A1–A4. C, phylogram of clade A from Figure 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7035978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7035978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Considering the differences in phylogenetic trees based on short gene fragments and mitogenomes in Venerinae and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977856EF3DD39FE12" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1853" box="[1261,1391,442,464]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dosiniinae">Dosiniinae</taxonomicName>
, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9970E06E93DBEEFE2D" authorityName="F. C. Schmidt" authorityYear="1818" box="[904,952,474,495]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Irus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970E06E93DBEEFE2D" box="[904,952,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should remain in
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977F86E90DD53FE2D" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1168,1285,473,495]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tapetinae">Tapetinae</taxonomicName>
until further molecular evidence, such as whole mitochondrial sequences, is available. Two
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977ED6D5EDCE3FDEE" authorityName="F. C. Schmidt" authorityYear="1818" box="[1157,1205,535,556]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Irus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9977ED6D5EDCE3FDEE" box="[1157,1205,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences, obtained from the studies by
<bibRefCitation id="EF981287FFA5FF99774D6D7CDD67FD89" author="Mikkelsen PM &amp; Bieler R &amp; Kappner I &amp; Rawlings TA" box="[1061,1329,565,587]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" pagination="439 - 521" refId="ref11455" refString="Mikkelsen PM, Bieler R, Kappner I, Rawlings TA. 2006. Phylogeny of Veneroidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) based on morphology and molecules. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148: 439 - 521." type="journal article" year="2006">
Mikkelsen
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9977CF6D7FDCB7FD88" box="[1191,1249,565,587]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF981287FFA5FF9976046D7CDB9BFDAB" author="Goto R &amp; Kawakita A &amp; Ishikawa H &amp; Hamamura Y &amp; Kato M" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" pagination="172" refId="ref10400" refString="Goto R, Kawakita A, Ishikawa H, Hamamura Y, Kato M. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the bivalve superfamily Galeommatoidea (Heterodonta, Veneroida) reveals dynamic evolution of symbiotic lifestyle and interphylum host switching. BMC Evolutionary Biology 12: 172." type="journal article" year="2012">
Goto
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970536D1CDB2EFDAB" box="[827,888,596,618]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, are significantly different from other newly collected
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF99709B6D3ADC2BFD4A" box="[1011,1149,626,648]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF99709B6D3ADC75FD4A" box="[1011,1059,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in clade A7. The absence of available sample photographs cannot rule out the possibility of an error in identification. In particular, there are significant morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9970F76DA7DC62FCC1" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[927,1076,750,771]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Irus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970F76DA7DC62FCC1" box="[927,1076,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977C36DA7DD66FCC1" box="[1195,1328,749,771]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9977C36DA7DC8CFCC1" box="[1195,1242,750,771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Irus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF981287FFA5FF99703F6C45DC0DFCE0" author="Mikkelsen PM &amp; Bieler R &amp; Kappner I &amp; Rawlings TA" box="[855,1115,780,802]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" pagination="439 - 521" refId="ref11455" refString="Mikkelsen PM, Bieler R, Kappner I, Rawlings TA. 2006. Phylogeny of Veneroidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) based on morphology and molecules. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148: 439 - 521." type="journal article" year="2006">
Mikkelsen
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970BE6C44DC58FCE3" box="[982,1038,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB66F76FFA5FF99703B6C63DB90FBD4" blockId="12.[827,1443,197,1047]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
Furthermore, the features and mitogene arrangements of three
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977246C00DC95FC9C" box="[1100,1219,841,862]" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9977246C00DC95FC9C" box="[1100,1219,841,862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ruditapes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9976446C00DCCAFCBC" authority="Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1835" authorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" authorityYear="1835" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Ruditapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aspera">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9976446C00DBD1FCBF" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ruditapes aspera</emphasis>
Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1835
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9977C16C21DDF5FCBF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1193,1443,872,893]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Ruditapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="decussatus">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9977C16C21DDF5FCBF" box="[1193,1443,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ruditapes decussatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0914F5FFA5FF9970076CCFDCCAFC59" baseAuthorityName="A. Adams &amp; Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[879,1180,902,923]" class="Bivalvia" family="Veneridae" genus="Ruditapes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="358" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="philippinarum">
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970076CCFDCCAFC59" box="[879,1180,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">Ruditapes philippinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, do not exhibit a high degree of similarity, and none of these species has a sister-group relationship. Consequently, these three species might belong to three different genera (Liu
<emphasis id="B97DB364FFA5FF9970536B4BDB25FBD4" box="[827,883,1025,1047]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="358">et al.</emphasis>
, 2022).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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