158 lines
17 KiB
XML
158 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="D070A9AAAFD45937E0229AEF3803E770" ID-CLB-Dataset="134452" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fe084ed-d367-4d5a-9ed0-48882760ba96" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5267833" ID-ZooBank="7D05BB2E-4373-4AFB-8DD3-ABE203D3BEC1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629915050425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, Colin E." docDate="2013" docId="0385994AFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFB15BDCE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03724p085.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3724 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Platylesches shona Evans 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="FFBCE132FFBEFFE09B6AFF91FFD5BA40" masterDocTitle="Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1699144858824" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FFA9BD5E3DE338E5765B5DFE5A319FE4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E73238F7C1DF6482865EBBFC1D904BF9">
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<mods:title id="7F073795DEC6032F90050F85ADF7E008">Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="87251D98557A1C13A8F50E8A20B43DAE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E11C59735CD0E0D900B4B477E9B41C33">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="90AB5646347AAE9461006D4FD95FD570">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68328052F802E5E791969A91A79E539F">C / o CABI Europe - UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, TW 20 9 TY, UK (e-mail: m. cock @ cabi. org; mjwcock @ btinternet. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="990B1A0EA681407650715FE5FCFC837C" type="email">m.cock@cabi.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="2E5ABE519F865D5F4BC5F00987D72BEA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B57843F0EF0E9547720C85B412DE8EDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B4D9D61FDA3907526634F859CBFA89D4">Congdon, Colin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BB41F4F40C94031BAB9C8B88AA97216">African Butterfly Research Institute (ABRI), P. O. Box 14308, Nairobi, Kenya (e-mail: colin. congdon @ gmail. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="59E4B93A0A7799E2BE236EC25B50C5EB" type="email">colin.congdon@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="77FA1386D5F36297AFF4F997D795EDEC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8DEC47CE5B92EE928CCE3ED63A39F291">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="AE99A2DE4B99D2FC523280C1EDF48BD7">
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<mods:date id="CE71F0568BE6F8452C0AD86DD7D85FDE">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="454E4C49CFAF73D6ADB7D2B97580FB4A">2013-10-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="175E4FC109D05A9F4A032D9CC2A3A54D">3724</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="F5D666A8CEB0B69DA426EB8A69EBC50F">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="72EE8F1BCA56E52C55A76B854690CCC9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E264E787EB891B7DAF597244FA72E3F5" type="CLB-Dataset">134452</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="75CA6DFB59021EA3D70AF2677782B192" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0385994AFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFB15BDCE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268152" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199911033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268152" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0385994AFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFB15BDCE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0385994AFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFB15BDCE" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="C3367BD7FFF6FFA89BFDFACAFACFBC66" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFDCCBF35" blockId="72.[151,537,1371,1397]" box="[151,537,1371,1397]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0DB9F30FFF6FFA89BFDFACAFDCCBF35" bold="true" box="[151,537,1371,1397]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFDCCBF35" ID-CoL="4JSC8" authority="Evans, 1937" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,537,1371,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shona">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFDCCBF35" bold="true" box="[151,537,1371,1397]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89BFDFACAFEAEBF35" bold="true" box="[151,379,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Platylesches shona</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA89AE9FACAFDCCBF35" author="Evans" box="[387,537,1371,1397]" firstAuthor="Evans" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref42161" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp, 30 plates." type="book" year="1937">Evans, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDFA30FACFBC66" blockId="72.[151,1436,1441,1574]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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This species was described from a single male from Shamva,
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89824FA30FC13BFFA" box="[846,966,1441,1466]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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(=Abercorn, north-east
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89FBFFA30FAEABFFA" box="[1237,1343,1441,1466]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Rhodesia</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA89E3CFA30FF06BF9E" author="Evans" firstAuthor="Evans" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref42161" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp, 30 plates." type="book" year="1937">Evans 1937</bibRefCitation>
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). It is now known from
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89A99FA54FD8DBF9E" box="[499,600,1477,1502]" name="Tanzania" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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and the
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA899ABFA54FBF9BF9E" box="[705,1068,1477,1502]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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, south to
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89FC8FA54FB2FBF9E" box="[1186,1274,1477,1502]" name="Zambia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89E63FA54FABFBF9E" box="[1289,1386,1477,1502]" name="Namibia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89BFDFA78FEFEBC42" box="[151,299,1513,1538]" name="Mozambique" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA89A53FA78FE08BC42" author="Kielland" box="[313,477,1513,1538]" firstAuthor="Kielland" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref43661" refString="Kielland, J. (1990) Butterflies of Tanzania. Hill House, Melbourne, Australia, 363 pp." type="book" year="1990">Kielland 1990</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA89A83FA78FD6EBC42" author="Pringle" box="[489,699,1513,1538]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pringle" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref45070" refString="Pringle, E. L. L., Henning, G. A. & Ball, J. B. (Eds.) (1994) Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa, 800 pp." type="book" year="1994">
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Pringle
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA8992BFA7BFDA7BC42" box="[577,626,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
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. 1994
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA899ACFA78FC4FBC42" author="Ackery" box="[710,922,1513,1538]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ackery" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref41160" refString="Ackery, P. R., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (1995) Carcasson's African Butterflies. An annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. CSIRO Publications, Melbourne, Australia, 803 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Ackery
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA8984AFA7BFC84BC42" box="[800,849,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
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. 1995
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFFF6FFA898CFFA78FBBFBC42" author="Heath" box="[933,1130,1513,1538]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Heath" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref42672" refString="Heath, A., Newport, M. A. & Hancock, D. (2002) The Butterflies of Zambia. African Butterfly Research Institute and The Lepidopterists' Society of Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 137 pp. + CD." type="book" year="2002">
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Heath
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89884FA7BFBF5BC42" box="[1006,1056,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
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. 2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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). In
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA89FF1FA78FAD6BC42" box="[1179,1283,1513,1538]" name="Tanzania" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, it is found in western areas from
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<collectingRegion id="49E8E6BEFFF6FFA89A19F99CFE18BC66" box="[371,461,1549,1574]" country="Tanzania" name="Kigoma" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Kigoma</collectingRegion>
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and Mpanda to Sumbawanga and as far east as Mufindi in the Udzungwas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3367BD7FFF6FFA89BFDF9C4FB15BDCE" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDF9C4FECBBC2E" blockId="72.[151,792,1621,1682]" box="[151,286,1621,1646]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89BFDF9C4FECBBC2E" box="[151,286,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Food plants</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDF9E8FCCDBCD2" blockId="72.[151,792,1621,1682]" box="[151,792,1657,1682]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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TCEC found this species on
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89AB2F9EBFD42BCD2" box="[472,663,1657,1682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chrysobalanaceae" genus="Parinari" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curatellifolia">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89AB2F9EBFD42BCD2" box="[472,663,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pa. curatellifolia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFFF6FFA899D1F9E8FCC1BCD2" box="[699,788,1657,1682]" name="Zambia" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDF950FEC2BC9A" blockId="72.[151,1436,1729,1934]" box="[151,279,1729,1754]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89BFDF950FEC2BC9A" box="[151,279,1729,1754]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Life history</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFFF6FFA89BFDF974FB15BDCE" blockId="72.[151,1436,1729,1934]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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The larvae make silk lined chambers in mature foliage, emerging at night to feed. The shelter is similar in construction to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89AF0F898FDF4BD62" authorityName="Neave" authorityYear="1910" box="[410,545,1801,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89AF0F898FDF4BD62" box="[410,545,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but is smaller and lacks the external curved tunnel of silk. It is usually found well above the ground. The final instar
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA8990CF8BCFD06BD06" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[614,723,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shona">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA8990CF8BCFD06BD06" box="[614,723,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. shona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to those of the penultimate instar of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89E66F8BCFA41BD06" authorityName="Neave" authorityYear="1910" box="[1292,1428,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89E66F8BCFA41BD06" box="[1292,1428,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Shelters of young
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89A02F8C0FE01BD2A" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[360,468,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shona">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89A02F8C0FE01BD2A" box="[360,468,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. shona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89964F8C0FDA3BD2A" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[526,630,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langa">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89964F8C0FDA3BD2A" box="[526,630,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. langa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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could be confused, except that those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFFF6FFA89F2CF8C0FB7BBD2A" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[1094,1198,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Platylesches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="langa">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFFF6FFA89F2CF8C0FB7BBD2A" box="[1094,1198,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Pl. langa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are near the ground, usually adjacent to the characteristic eating pattern of the first and second instars (
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<figureCitation id="131734D9FFF6FFA89F47F8E4FB61BDCE" box="[1069,1204,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 68" captionStartId="63.[151,249,1423,1445]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,191,1402]" captionTargetId="figure-248@63.[151,1436,191,1402]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 68. Life history of Platylesches langa, collected mostly on Parinari capensis but also on Pa. curatellifolia, Mutinondo Wilderness, Mpika, Zambia, and subsequently reared on Pa. curatellifolia, TCEC. 1, early leaf shelters, 17 Sep 2008; 2, leaf shelter of pupa showing entrance valve, 13 Sep 2010; 3–6, mature caterpillar, 28 Jan 2009: 3, dorsal view; 4, lateral view; 5–6, detail of head, frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5267978/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Figure 68.1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |