117 lines
13 KiB
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117 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="67B12178E13C00ED29AB680D1B24CD85" ID-CLB-Dataset="134452" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fe084ed-d367-4d5a-9ed0-48882760ba96" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5267833" ID-ZooBank="7D05BB2E-4373-4AFB-8DD3-ABE203D3BEC1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629915050425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, Colin E." docDate="2013" docId="0385994AFF9EFFC09BFDFAA0FCA1BCCD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03724p085.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3724 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Andronymus Holland 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFBCE132FFBEFFE09B6AFF91FFD5BA40" masterDocTitle="Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1699144858824" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FE2F4BCA23071EAB53E642FA102ACE8A">Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="83560414DAAF414257FA573AD2356767">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6E59D687E58CB78E0F4909A24F356F5C">C / o CABI Europe - UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, TW 20 9 TY, UK (e-mail: m. cock @ cabi. org; mjwcock @ btinternet. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DDBF662206494B9FEAAF593F243E4F7" type="email">m.cock@cabi.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6CFBA33597C1D721FD9F86949DC00B50">Congdon, Colin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83A93FA5AADFFA9D62E76F647B6941C2">African Butterfly Research Institute (ABRI), P. O. Box 14308, Nairobi, Kenya (e-mail: colin. congdon @ gmail. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="32952D4B06FF4039E523BC24373F76BF" type="email">colin.congdon@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="09A83BD3BC5D7879C1B885F37D9C18BD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8E1E6AE4DCCE3E8EADB1D66298AF97A8">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0DCEBE01AFB3DF6CCB841B7B88D94AED">2013-10-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4A4E46E126DC0F3241DCC4906F77C95F">3724</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C3367BD7FF9EFFC09BFDFAA0FE3CBF0B" box="[151,489,1329,1355]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09BFDFAA0FE3CBF0B" ID-CoL="8ZZYQ" authority="Holland, 1896" authorityName="Holland" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,489,1329,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09BFDFAA0FE3CBF0B" bold="true" box="[151,489,1329,1355]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09BFDFAA0FEE6BF0B" bold="true" box="[151,307,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Andronymus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09A50FAA0FE3CBF0B" author="Holland" box="[314,489,1329,1355]" firstAuthor="Holland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="2 - 107" refId="ref43303" refString="Holland, W. J. (1896) A preliminary revision and synonymic catalogue of the Hesperiidae of Africa and the adjacent islands, with descriptions of some apparently new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896, 2 - 107, plates I - V. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 03030. x" type="journal article" year="1896">
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<collectingCountry id="F33B68CCFF9EFFC09A50FAA0FE4ABF0B" box="[314,415,1329,1355]" name="Netherlands" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Holland</collectingCountry>
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, 1896
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3367BD7FF9EFFC09BFDFAE9FCA1BCCD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFF9EFFC09BFDFAE9FF35BFBD" blockId="32.[151,1436,1400,1677]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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This is a genus of about ten species, restricted to the Afrotropical Region. Since the treatment in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09F97FAE8FA42BFD1" author="Evans" box="[1277,1431,1400,1425]" firstAuthor="Evans" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref42161" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp, 30 plates." type="book" year="1937">Evans (1937)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09BFDFA0DFEF9BFF5" author="Usher" box="[151,300,1436,1461]" firstAuthor="Usher" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="291 - 302" refId="ref46138" refString="Usher, M. B. (1980) The Andronymus caesar complex of species (Hesperiidae). Systematic Entomology, 5, 291 - 302. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1980. tb 00417. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Usher (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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revised the five species of what he called the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC0985CFA0DFC74BFF4" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" box="[822,929,1436,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesar">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC0985CFA0DFC74BFF4" box="[822,929,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. caesar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex of species,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09FE5FA0DFAF8BFF5" author="Larsen" box="[1167,1325,1436,1461]" firstAuthor="Larsen" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref43974" refString="Larsen, T. B. (2005) Butterflies of West Africa. 2 vols. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 595 pp. & 270 pp." type="book" year="2005">Larsen (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated additional adjustments, and new species have since been described (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC098FDFA51FB6DBF99" author="Congdon & Collins" box="[919,1208,1472,1497]" firstAuthor="Congdon" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref41798" refString="Congdon, C. & Collins, S. [1998] Kielland's Butterflies of Tanzania Supplement. African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya & Union des Entomologistes Belges, Tervuren, Belgium, 143 pp., 6 plates." type="book" year="1998">Congdon & Collins 1998</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09FAEFA50FF01BFBD" author="Larsen & Congdon" firstAuthor="Larsen" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="49 - 62" refId="ref43734" refString="Larsen, T. B. & Congdon, T. C. E. (2012) The genus Ampittia in Africa with the description of a new species (Hesperiinae; Aeromachini) and three new species in the genera Andronymus and Chondrolepis (Hesperiinae, incertae sedis) (Lepidoptera; Hesperiidae). Zootaxa, 3322, 49 - 62." type="journal article" year="2012">Larsen & Congdon 2012</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93285CFF9EFFC09BADF998FCA1BCCD" blockId="32.[151,1436,1400,1677]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD55ADFF9EFFC09BADF998FE54BC61" author="Vuattoux" box="[199,385,1544,1569]" firstAuthor="Vuattoux" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="562 - 568" refId="ref46285" refString="Vuattoux, R. (1999) Les lepidopteres hesperiides de la Station de Lamto (Cote d'Ivoire). Lambillionea, 94, 562 - 568." type="journal article" year="1999">Vuattoux (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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lists a single food plant record of ‘
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09876F999FBD8BC61" box="[796,1037,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09876F999FC07BC60" box="[796,978,1544,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Andronymus sp.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC098B1F999FBD8BC61" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[987,1037,1544,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hero">hero</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09F4DF998FBA7BC60" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" box="[1063,1138,1545,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesar">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09F4DF998FBA7BC60" box="[1063,1138,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">caesar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ reared from a caterpillar reared on
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09A65F9BDFD63BC05" box="[271,694,1580,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cynometra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megalophylla">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09A65F9BDFDFABC05" box="[271,559,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cynometra megalophylla</emphasis>
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(Fabaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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. The status of the reared adult was uncertain because it was a crumpled female, having failed to emerge and expand its wings properly, but it belonged in the group including
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09EEEF9C1FF1FBCCD" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hero">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09EEEF9C1FF1FBCCD" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. hero</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C53DFFF9EFFC09B95F9E5FEBDBCCC" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" box="[255,360,1652,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Andronymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesar">
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<emphasis id="B958F44EFF9EFFC09B95F9E5FEBDBCCC" box="[255,360,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A. caesar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and most likely was one of these two species.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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