160 lines
16 KiB
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160 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5267833" ID-ZooBank="7D05BB2E-4373-4AFB-8DD3-ABE203D3BEC1" approvalRequired="28" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="28" checkinTime="1629915050425" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, Colin E." docDate="2013" docId="0385994AFF8AFFD59BFDF9E4FA90BDDF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03724p085.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3724 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.10:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Melphinyet tarace Mabille 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFBCE132FFBEFFE09B6AFF91FFD5BA40" masterDocTitle="Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1661955737594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>C / o CABI Europe - UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, TW 20 9 TY, UK (e-mail: m. cock @ cabi. org; mjwcock @ btinternet. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">m.cock@cabi.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Congdon, Colin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>African Butterfly Research Institute (ABRI), P. O. Box 14308, Nairobi, Kenya (e-mail: colin. congdon @ gmail. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">colin.congdon@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-10-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3724</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>85</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5267833</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7D05BB2E-4373-4AFB-8DD3-ABE203D3BEC1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5268134" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5268134" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0385994AFF8AFFD59BFDF9E4FA90BDDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0385994AFF8AFFD59BFDF9E4FA90BDDF" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,546,1653,1679]" box="[151,546,1653,1679]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,546,1653,1679]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName authority="Mabille, 1891" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,546,1653,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Melphinyet" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarace">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,546,1653,1679]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,370,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Melphinyet tarace</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Mabille" box="[377,546,1653,1679]" firstAuthor="Mabille" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="lix - lxxxviii" refId="ref44425" refString="Mabille, P. (1891) Description d'hesperides nouvelles. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 35, lix - lxxxviii, cvi - cxxi, clxviii - clxxxvii." type="journal article" year="1891">Mabille, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,1435,1723,1784]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<bibRefCitation author="Mabille" box="[151,321,1723,1748]" firstAuthor="Mabille" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="lix - lxxxviii" refId="ref44425" refString="Mabille, P. (1891) Description d'hesperides nouvelles. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 35, lix - lxxxviii, cvi - cxxi, clxviii - clxxxvii." type="journal article" year="1891">Mabille (1891)</bibRefCitation>
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described this species from
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<collectingCountry box="[649,798,1723,1748]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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, and it is known from there, east to the
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<collectingCountry name="Central African Republic" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Larsen" box="[266,412,1759,1784]" firstAuthor="Larsen" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref43974" refString="Larsen, T. B. (2005) Butterflies of West Africa. 2 vols. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 595 pp. & 270 pp." type="book" year="2005">Larsen 2005</bibRefCitation>
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). MJWC reared this species in
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<collectingCountry box="[760,909,1759,1784]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[924,1092,1759,1784]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 58" captionStart-1="FIGURE 59" captionStart-2="FIGURE 60" captionStartId-0="52.[151,249,1519,1541]" captionStartId-1="53.[151,249,1155,1177]" captionStartId-2="54.[151,249,1085,1107]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1427,1025,1483]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,193,1134]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1064]" captionTargetId-0="figure-180@52.[151,1436,1019,1498]" captionTargetId-1="figure-325@53.[151,1436,193,1134]" captionTargetId-2="figure-335@54.[151,1436,193,1064]" captionTargetPageId-0="52" captionTargetPageId-1="53" captionTargetPageId-2="54" captionText-0="FIGURE 58. Adult pinned female Melphinyet tarace, collected as final instar caterpillar on Manniophyton fulvum, Forêt de Yapo, Côte d’Ivoire, 3 Jun 1989; emerged 30 Jun; 89/212." captionText-1="FIGURE 59. Adult female Melphinyet tarace, collected as final instar caterpillar on Manniophyton fulvum, Forêt de Yapo, Côte d’Ivoire, 3 Jun 1989; emerged and photographed 30 Jun; 89/212." captionText-2="FIGURE 60. Leaf shelter of final instar caterpillar of Melphinyet tarace on Manniophyton fulvum, Forêt de Yapo, Côte d’Ivoire, 6 Dec 1988; 88/207." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267958" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267960" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267962" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5267958/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5267960/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5267962/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figures 58–60</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,1436,1826,1995]" box="[151,286,1826,1851]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis box="[151,286,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Food plants</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="52.[151,1436,1826,1995]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Two collections, each of one caterpillar (88/207, 89/212) were made on
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<taxonomicName box="[1085,1343,1862,1887]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manniophyton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvum">
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<emphasis box="[1085,1343,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Manniophyton fulvum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(#313) (
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<taxonomicName box="[158,328,1898,1923]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
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) at Forêt de Yapo,
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<collectingCountry box="[549,704,1898,1923]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
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. Although this sprawler-vine with large strongly trilobate leaves was conspicuous and quite common, only one shelter was found on each occasion. The leaves on which the shelters were made were mature, and quite tough, almost scabrous.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267960" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5267960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5267960/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,249,1155,1177]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1134]" targetPageId="53">
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1155,1208]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,283,1155,1177]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 59</emphasis>
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. Adult female
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" box="[443,630,1155,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Melphinyet" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarace">
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<emphasis box="[443,630,1155,1177]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Melphinyet tarace</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, collected as final instar caterpillar on
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<taxonomicName authority=", Foret de Yapo" authorityName="Foret de Yapo" box="[1042,1432,1155,1177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manniophyton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvum">
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<emphasis box="[1042,1267,1155,1177]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Manniophyton fulvum</emphasis>
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, Forêt de Yapo
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</taxonomicName>
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, Côte d’Ivoire, 3 Jun 1989; emerged and photographed 30 Jun; 89/212.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1247,1452]" box="[151,295,1247,1272]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis box="[151,295,1247,1272]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Leaf shelters</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1247,1452]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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Both collections were made of final instar caterpillars in similar shelters (
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<figureCitation box="[985,1100,1283,1308]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="54.[151,249,1085,1107]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-335@54.[151,1436,193,1064]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIGURE 60. Leaf shelter of final instar caterpillar of Melphinyet tarace on Manniophyton fulvum, Forêt de Yapo, Côte d’Ivoire, 6 Dec 1988; 88/207." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5267962/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figure 60</figureCitation>
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). A two cut shelter was made from the middle of one side of the apical lobe of a mature leaf; the two straight cuts start far apart (about
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<quantity box="[1355,1428,1319,1344]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="70.0">70mm</quantity>
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) and finish close together (
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<quantity box="[447,524,1355,1380]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="20.0">20mm</quantity>
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); the shelter lid is
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<quantity box="[737,808,1355,1380]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="30.0">30mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity box="[924,995,1355,1380]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="30.0">30mm</quantity>
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wide, with 4–5 deep notches from the distal edge; folded over upwards, over the mid vein; the caterpillar must feed from the shelter lid, as it is much smaller than the notch cut from the leaf.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1494,1771]" box="[151,277,1494,1519]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis box="[151,277,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Caterpillar</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1494,1771]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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The penultimate instar caterpillar 88/207 measured
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<quantity box="[726,797,1530,1555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="18.0">18mm</quantity>
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when collected; head oval, indent at vertex; 2.2 x
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<quantity box="[1357,1436,1530,1555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4mm</quantity>
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high; covered with fine, very short, white setae, widened distally. T1 fairly broad, transverse, dark brown plate. Body dull green with darker dorsal line and yellow-orange gonads A5; T1 legs light brown; all other legs concolorous. The final instar (
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<figureCitation box="[488,599,1638,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="55.[151,249,1034,1056]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1017]" captionTargetId="figure-479@55.[151,1436,363,1017]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURE 61. Final instar caterpillar of Melphinyet tarace collected on Manniophyton fulvum, Forêt de Yapo, Côte d’Ivoire, 4 Dec 1988; photographed 6 Dec; died at pupation 24 Dec; 18mm; 88/207." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5267964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5267964/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figure 61</figureCitation>
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) was similar, but not described; the head was 3.0mm high, and like that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,363,1674,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Melphinyet" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavina">
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<emphasis box="[151,363,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Melphinyet flavina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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covered with very short, pale setae; those on the face scale-like with narrow base. Body with setae as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[250,369,1710,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Melphinyet" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavina">
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<emphasis box="[250,369,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">M. flavina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. When mature wax glands formed ventrally A1–A8. This individual died at pupation, but a similar
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<quantity box="[236,308,1746,1771]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="30.0">30mm</quantity>
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caterpillar (89/212) was collected the following year and a female reared.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1819,1951]" box="[151,210,1819,1842]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<emphasis box="[151,210,1819,1842]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Pupa</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="53.[151,1436,1819,1951]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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The pupa was not described or photographed. That of 89/212 has not been removed from the pupal leaf shelter, but the pupa of 88/207 which died with the final instar larval head capsule stuck over the head of the pupa was examined; it was similar to that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1937" box="[540,751,1926,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Melphinyet" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavina">
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<emphasis box="[540,751,1926,1951]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Melphinyet flavina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with regard to form, colouring and setae on the eyes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |