206 lines
23 KiB
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206 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="9FBD98F8666AFD9396650C0F0CF2488B" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629634115413" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Adalsteinsson, Solny A., Branch, William R., Trape, Sébastien, Vitt, Laurie J. & Hedges, S. Blair" docDate="2009" docId="0E2487E3FF8BFFA8FF0E35E8FAA9FDDB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02244p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2244" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Guinea Hedges, Adalsteinsson, & Branch, New Genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="F21DFF9BFF9CFFB0FF993047FF95FFD5" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699087815032" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5BFDC27F41E655F4CF7B5CD3002780E5">
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<mods:title id="C607C507FE41D14C0AECDF5F90D9DA0D">Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F3DB54FEAF05F66C76028AC24901591E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6923036E01F7CBD2288030A57BEAE7B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6D7C3CC260836E4E4EA757828FBC4FBA">Adalsteinsson, Solny A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A38177FB0ECEC45E726A46185B9BD62">Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 - 5301 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="781A0E6ED597A80D71B8B52FB575E939">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3AB5E26A3212B2FFFF02BF04B3BB7EEE">Branch, William R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="742CC5DA484B967CFE8433D4CEDF4C4F">Bayworld, P. O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="01E886E7127DE46B8363EC11064C2DAA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C132DF0AFFE72EFCD5EE73509E4C6DC9">Trape, Sébastien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E512F0DFFA6F24D6EA6F633D9818E71">Laboratoire ECOLAG, UMR 5119, Université Montpellier II, cc 093, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="ACAAA724AEF6E17BBEFE3C434FEF781E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5812B87A2ABFA7385A408A73D37EB4A3">Vitt, Laurie J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8C1B445FAEB502199DF6EEE55DBBBBA">Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Zoology Department, 2401 Chautauqua Avenue, Norman, OK 73072, USA Corresponding author. E-mail: sbh 1 @ psu. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3825DD8AA58BFA0A4DB6DC5521CF692D">Hedges, S. Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83E536DFB4CB953BA31CD04FE051B630">Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 - 5301 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E51D12B02C52005FF9BD668DAB7F3FA0" type="email">sbh1@psu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="9536210A4E5707AD7A3183649054EBAE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="25FB3BFE9DFA6A8EC0014CC54DEE7669">
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<mods:date id="0FF466D6BD1D0B107F232844E790D3E5">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E12F8A5D370A0F0EB27297620A51EC1">2009-10-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D85DE989BEFD817079779485528B729B">2244</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="45357C7CCAF449247EABB37B488105AA">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="8A2E1A5452B73612702DAC8BBB15DE9D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DD7711AD9B2A3C17120AEED982D79AD4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0E2487E3FF8BFFA8FF0E35E8FAA9FDDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5333942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5333942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E2487E3FF8BFFA8FF0E35E8FAA9FDDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2487E3FF8BFFA8FF0E35E8FAA9FDDB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF8BFFA7FF0E35E8FC18FA1C" box="[151,909,1455,1481]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="863236F5FF8BFFA7FF0E35E8FC18FA1C" blockId="23.[151,909,1455,1481]" box="[151,909,1455,1481]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="DD7A8199FF8BFFA7FF0E35E8FC18FA1C" bold="true" box="[151,909,1455,1481]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF0E35E8FC18FA1C" bold="true" box="[151,909,1455,1481]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FF7435E8FD64FA1C" authority="Hedges, Adalsteinsson, & Branch" authorityName="Hedges, Adalsteinsson, & Branch" box="[237,753,1455,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF7435E8FED3FA1C" bold="true" box="[237,326,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guinea</emphasis>
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||
Hedges, Adalsteinsson, & Branch
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AFCA579CFF8BFFA7FD6635E8FC18FA1C" box="[767,909,1455,1481]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">New Genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF8BFFA7FF0E35BFFC1FF9C6" box="[151,906,1528,1555]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="863236F5FF8BFFA7FF0E35BFFC1FF9C6" blockId="23.[151,906,1528,1555]" box="[151,906,1528,1555]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF0E35BFFEACF9C7" bold="true" box="[151,313,1528,1554]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="59368857FF8BFFA7FF0E35BFFF41F9C7" box="[151,212,1528,1554]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FED935BEFC11F9C6" authority="Jan, 1860: 1" authorityName="Jan" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1860" box="[320,900,1529,1555]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor" subGenus="Tricheilostoma">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FED935BEFE52F9C7" box="[320,455,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Stenostoma</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FE4E35BEFD12F9C7" box="[471,647,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tricheilostoma</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FD0135BEFD78F9C7" box="[664,749,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">bicolor</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E21C4B04FF8BFFA7FD6D35BEFC11F9C6" author="Jan" box="[756,900,1529,1555]" firstAuthor="Jan" page="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1" refId="ref25133" refString="Jan, G. (1860) Stenostoma (Tricheilostoma) bicolor. In: Jan, G. & Sordelli, F. (Eds.) Iconographie Generale des Ophidiens. Georges Jan and Ferdinand Sordelli, Milan, pp. 1." type="book chapter" year="1860">Jan, 1860: 1</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF8BFFA7FF0E3601FD0DF843" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="863236F5FF8BFFA7FF0E3601FB89F8BA" blockId="23.[151,1439,1606,1942]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF0E3601FE8DF9B5" bold="true" box="[151,280,1606,1632]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FE3A3600FE6FF9B5" box="[419,506,1607,1632]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FE3A3600FE6FF9B5" box="[419,506,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have 14 midbody scale rows, 12 midtail scale rows, 173–288 middorsal scale rows, 6–16 subcaudals, three (two in
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FDF1362AFC9FF953" authorityName="Wallach & Boundy" authorityYear="2005" box="[616,778,1645,1670]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwelli">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FDF1362AFC9FF953" box="[616,778,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. greenwelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) supralabials, small anterior supralabials (large in
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FA1A362AFE88F978" authorityName="WAF" baseAuthorityName="Jan" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundewalli">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FA1A362AFE88F978" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. sundewalli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<quantity id="41759B10FF8BFFA7FEA036D3FE4FF97B" box="[313,474,1684,1710]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.88" metricValueMin="1.1199999999999999" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="188.0" valueMin="112.0">112–188 mm</quantity>
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maximum adult total length, a body shape of 24–69.2 (total length/width), a relative tail length of 2.4–7.0 %, a tail shape of 1.4–4.3, no striped pattern, a brown dorsum (unpigmented in
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FF0E36A6FEA0F92F" authorityName="Wallach & Boundy" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,309,1761,1786]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="greenwelli">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF0E36A6FEA0F92F" box="[151,309,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. greenwelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and paler brown venter (Table 2). They are distinguished from the other genus in this tribe,
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF8BFFA7FF0E374FFEB1F8F4" authorityName="Orejas-Miranda, Roux-Esteve, and Guibe" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,292,1800,1825]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rhinoleptus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF0E374FFEB1F8F4" box="[151,292,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Rhinoleptus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by having 14 midbody scale rows (versus 16), 12 midtail rows (versus 14), 173–288 middorsal rows (versus 302–546), 6–16 subcaudals (versus 21–28), and a body shape of 24–69.2 (versus 67–77). Only one species was included in the molecular phylogenetic analyses (
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<figureCitation id="1EB62A70FF8BFFA7FC043712FB9AF8BA" box="[925,1039,1877,1903]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="6.[151,255,1684,1708]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,260,1282,1306]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1406,188,1658]" captionTargetBox-1="[252,1334,313,1258]" captionTargetId-0="figure-173@6.[179,1407,184,1660]" captionTargetId-1="figure-366@7.[252,1335,310,1258]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. A phylogeny of leptotyphlopid snakes based on sequences of four mitochondrial genes (12S rRNA, tRNA- Valine, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome b). Maximum likelihood tree of 91 samples and 2,971 sites. Values are ML bootstrap values followed by Bayesian posterior probabilities. Outgroups are not shown, but included Typhlopidae (Ramphotyphlops), Boidae (Boa), Pythonidae (Python), and Elapidae (Dendroaspis and Naja). The generic taxonomy in this tree reflects usage prior to this study. See Table 1 and Figure 12 for the new classification proposed here." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. A phylogeny of leptotyphlopid snakes based on sequences of nine genes: five nuclear genes nine (amelogenin, BDNF, C-mos, NT3, and RAG1) and four mitochondrial and nuclear genes (12S rRNA, tRNA-Valine, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome b). Maximum likelihood tree obtained from the nine-gene data set (24 species; 5,563 sites). Values are ML bootstrap values followed by Bayesian posterior probabilities. Outgroups are not shown, but included Typhlopidae (Ramphotyphlops), Boidae (Boa), Pythonidae (Python), and Elapidae (Dendroaspis and Naja). The generic taxonomy in this tree reflects usage prior to this study. See Table 1 and Figure 12 for the new classification proposed here." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="863236F5FF8BFFA7FF5C373CFD0DF843" blockId="23.[151,1439,1606,1942]" box="[197,664,1915,1942]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF8BFFA7FF5C373CFEA4F840" bold="true" box="[197,305,1915,1941]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Content.</emphasis>
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Four species (
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<tableCitation id="CB0F034EFF8BFFA7FE43373BFDA1F843" box="[474,564,1916,1942]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[151,240,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Classification of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae. The arrangement used in this study is compared with that in previous classifications (e.g., McDiarmid et al. 1999; Uetz et al. 2009). Abbreviations for geographic regions are: AR (Arabia), CAF (Central Africa), EAF (East Africa), MAM (Middle America), NAM (North America), SAF (South Africa), SAM (South America), SOC (Socotra Island), SWA (Southwest Asia), WAF (West Africa), and WI (West Indies). Species in bold were sampled in the molecular analyses. Undescribed species used in this study are not listed." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Table 1</tableCitation>
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||
;
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<figureCitation id="1EB62A70FF8BFFA7FDDA373BFD1CF843" box="[579,649,1916,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,257,1600,1624]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-169@25.[151,1436,194,1576]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Representatives of the snake Family Leptotyphlopidae from the Old World. (A) Guinea bicolor (Mali; Sikasso; Doussoudiana); photograph by Sébastien Trape. (B) Rhinoleptus koniagui (Senegal: Tambacounda; Ibel), preserved specimen from Sébastien Trape; photograph by S. Blair Hedges. (C) Myriopholis boueti (Sénégal; Dakar; Dakar); photograph by Sébastien Trape. (D) Myriopholis longicauda (South Africa: Northern Province; Limpopo); photograph by William R. Branch. (E) Leptotyphlops distanti (South Africa: Mpumalanga: near Middleburg); photograph by William R. Branch. (F) Leptotyphlops incognitus (South Africa: Mpumalanga: Komati River); photograph by William R. Branch." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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||
).
|
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF84FFA8FF5C30D0FCC6FF2A" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="863236F5FF84FFA8FF5C30D0FCC6FF2A" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,526]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FF5C30D0FEFDFF64" bold="true" box="[197,360,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FEE830DFFE5CFF64" box="[369,457,152,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FEE830DFFE5CFF64" box="[369,457,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distributed primarily in rainforests of West Africa, including
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<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FB5630DFFABDFF67" box="[1231,1320,152,178]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Guinea</taxonomicName>
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, southern
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<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FF0E30F9FF44FF0D" box="[151,209,190,216]" name="Serbia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FF4430F9FEFCFF0D" box="[221,361,190,216]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FEEC30F9FD80FF0D" box="[373,533,190,216]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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, southwestern Niger,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FC8D30F9FCF6FF0D" box="[788,867,190,216]" name="Ghana" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FCF630F9FC3BFF0D" box="[879,942,190,216]" name="Togo" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FC2030F9FB97FF0D" box="[953,1026,190,216]" name="Benin" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Benin</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FB9730F9FBFCFF0D" box="[1038,1129,190,216]" name="Nigeria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FBEC30F9FB67FF0D" box="[1141,1266,190,216]" name="Cameroon" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bioko Island, southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FEA030A2FEEFFF2A" box="[313,378,229,255]" name="Chad" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Chad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FE2E30A2FD4AFF2A" box="[439,735,229,255]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1EB62A70FF84FFA8FD7630A2FCD0FF2A" box="[751,837,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="29.[151,257,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,180,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-270@29.[151,1436,174,1359]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 11. Distributions of genera of leptotyphlopid snakes in the Old World. (A) Guinea and Leptotyphlops. (B) Rhinoleptus. (C) Epacrophis and Namibiana. (D) Myriopholis." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF84FFA8FF5C314CFEFCFE15" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="863236F5FF84FFA8FF5C314CFEFCFE15" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,526]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FF5C314CFEDFFEF0" bold="true" box="[197,330,267,293]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The generic name is here considered a feminine, Latinized noun referring to the distribution of the genus in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FE0A3175FE7BFE99" box="[403,494,306,332]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Guinea</taxonomicName>
|
||
region, which is a broad area along the southern portion of West Africa (approximately from the country of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FDA3311EFD1BFEA6" box="[570,654,345,371]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Guinea</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FD2B311EFCA7FEA6" box="[690,818,345,371]" name="Cameroon" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The origin of the word is uncertain but is thought to be derived from either the Susu or Berber languages of Africa, later modified in Portuguese (
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FA8D31C7FACBFE4C" box="[1300,1374,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE9A7665FF84FFA8FA8D31C7FACBFE4C" box="[1300,1374,384,409]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guiné</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) and English (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FE9831E0FEC2FE15" box="[257,343,423,448]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Guinea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FE9831E0FEC2FE15" box="[257,343,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CE97657EFF84FFA8FF5C318AFAA9FDDB" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="863236F5FF84FFA8FF5C318AFAA9FDDB" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,526]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FF5C318AFEABFE32" bold="true" box="[197,318,461,487]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This genus comprises the former
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FD53318AFC8AFE33" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1860" box="[714,799,461,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FD53318AFC8AFE33" box="[714,799,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group of "
|
||
<emphasis id="B4F9EAE7FF84FFA8FC3B318AFBDAFE33" box="[930,1103,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418D4D76FF84FFA8FC3B318AFBDEFE33" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[930,1099,461,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Leptotyphlops</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
" most recently discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E21C4B04FF84FFA8FF0E31B3FE71FDDB" author="Wallach and Boundy" box="[151,484,500,526]" firstAuthor="Wallach" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 44" refId="ref29046" refString="Wallach, V. & Boundy, J. (2005) Leptotyphylops greenwelli a new wormsnake of the L. bicolor species group from Nigeria (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Annals of Carnegie Museum, 74, 39 - 44." type="journal article" year="2005">Wallach and Boundy (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who noted similarities between it and several species in the New World.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |