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<document id="9511DF6D8E7340A5C90A4023F007EC21" ID-CLB-Dataset="21210" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2016.1193649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2a2f38ca-c6d9-4512-b977-e157be51e4ca" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994511" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1598016783362" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Sun, Jing, Jiang, Jibao, Hu, Feng &amp; Qiu, Jiangping" docDate="2016" docId="039B87C9CA69FFA028CAFBB6FBB03E2C" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.39-40.2499-2513.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1193649" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Amynthas gilvus Sun and Qiu 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="2505" masterDocId="FFA2FFB1CA6DFFA62963FFB7FFF43A25" masterDocTitle="Four new earthworms of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, China" masterLastPageNumber="2513" masterPageNumber="2499" pageNumber="2503" updateTime="1698845083862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="77AB49A3C0961BD1A051158BF3945AE9">Four new earthworms of the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="720ABB2709E5303576C8283B031626C2">Sun, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CC529CA405876C2716D71F3A0652B77F">College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; &amp; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ED243443F3E61E5D13BBE71FE0076871">Jiang, Jibao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C097253A57091C16852B46D49D53D77C">School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; &amp; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CC9DEA2678FE5001E6E440B6B1F72C1A">Hu, Feng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="614DEBF9FD334390B7D3E841F08A6432">College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A380F3535CB79DD11C75FAF447D67CE9">Qiu, Jiangping</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F00AE33667CB4011EA5D432982F71AE5">School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; &amp; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1191A5BFAFF1CACA13E66FE5A1560897">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9A5A372C5CA40421FB1C4332CE164A2D">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039B87C9CA69FFA028CAFBB6FBB03E2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4328440" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167288269" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4328440" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87C9CA69FFA028CAFBB6FBB03E2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87C9CA69FFA028CAFBB6FBB03E2C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="2505" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA69FFA228CAFBB6FC8E3E3F" box="[425,890,1025,1050]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA228CAFBB6FC8E3E3F" blockId="4.[425,890,1025,1085]" box="[425,890,1025,1050]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA69FFA228CAFBB6FC8E3E3F" box="[425,890,1025,1050]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA69FFA228CAFBB6FCE03E3F" authority="Sun and Qiu" authorityName="Sun and Qiu" authorityYear="2016" box="[425,788,1025,1050]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA228CAFBB6FD823E3F" bold="true" box="[425,630,1025,1050]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="3">Amynthas gilvus</emphasis>
Sun and Qiu
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557B6CA69FFA22A7EFBB6FC8E3E3F" box="[797,890,1025,1050]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA69FFA22B58FB93FD1C3E18" box="[571,744,1060,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA22B58FB93FD1C3E18" blockId="4.[425,890,1025,1085]" box="[571,744,1060,1085]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
(
<figureCitation id="13092A5ACA69FFA22B20FB93FD6B3E18" box="[579,671,1060,1085]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1146,1169]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. (a) Amynthas leshanensis Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, spermathecal pores; (b) A. leshanensis sp. nov., male pore region; (c) A. leshanensis sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (d) A. leshanensis sp. nov., spermathecae. (e) Amynthas gilvus Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, male pore region; (f) A. gilvus sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (g) A. gilvus sp. nov., spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994513/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(eg))
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA69FFA229C3FBD8FD5E3F36" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FBD8FEB13EAD" blockId="4.[160,1155,1135,1299]" box="[160,325,1135,1160]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA69FFA229C3FBD8FEB13EAD" box="[160,325,1135,1160]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA229C3FBD8FEB13EAD" bold="true" box="[160,325,1135,1160]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="3">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FB24FD5E3F36" blockId="4.[160,1155,1135,1299]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<materialsCitation id="3B5A3C82CA69FFA229C3FB24FC803ED5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2846790305" collectingDate="2011-07-27" collectorName="J. Sun &amp; J. B. Jiang &amp; X. D. Lei &amp; H. W. Feng" country="China" elevation="1300" latitude="29.591389" location="Mt. Emei" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.28667" municipality="One" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5489887DCA69FFA229C3FB24FEFD3E8E" box="[160,265,1171,1195]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE9ACA5CA69FFA22876FB24FEB03E8E" box="[277,324,1171,1195]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">One</collectingMunicipality>
clitellate (C-SC201102-12A) specimen:
<collectingCountry id="F325764FCA69FFA22A63FB24FCB73E8E" box="[768,835,1171,1195]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F6F83DCA69FFA22A2CFB24FBE73E8E" box="[847,1043,1171,1195]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EED6004CA69FFA22D43FB24FB773E8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87C9CA69FFA028CAFBB6FBB03E2C:8EED6004CA69FFA22D43FB24FB773E8E" box="[1056,1155,1171,1195]" country="China" latitude="29.591389" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="103.28667" municipality="One" name="Mt. Emei" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" stateProvince="Sichuan">Mt. Emei</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE065018CA69FFA229C5FB01FED23EEB" box="[166,294,1205,1230]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" precision="15" seconds="29" value="29.591389">
29°35
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA22984FB02FF193EE8" bold="true" box="[231,237,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503"></emphasis>
29
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA2286BFB02FEE73EE8" bold="true" box="[264,275,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503"></emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE065018CA69FFA22855FB01FE4B3EEB" box="[310,447,1205,1230]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" precision="15" seconds="12" value="103.28667">
103°17
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA228E1FB02FE7C3EE8" bold="true" box="[386,392,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503"></emphasis>
12
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA228C7FB02FE5B3EE8" bold="true" box="[420,431,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503"></emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="4CCA9B3ACA69FFA228B7FB01FDD93EEB" box="[468,557,1206,1230]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="001FD1ECCA69FFA228B7FB01FDD93EEB" box="[468,557,1206,1230]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation, woods and bamboo, in black cinnamon soil,
<date id="FF8C101FCA69FFA229B7FB6FFE923ED5" box="[212,358,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" value="2011-07-27">
<collectingDate id="EFC8E9F7CA69FFA229B7FB6FFE923ED5" box="[212,358,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" value="2011-07-27">27 July 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C75309CA69FFA22811FB6FFE433ED5" box="[370,439,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">J. Sun</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C75309CA69FFA228A0FB6FFDD83ED5" box="[451,556,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">J.B. Jiang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26C75309CA69FFA22B5BFB6FFD793ED5" box="[568,653,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">X.D. Lei</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26C75309CA69FFA22BA9FB6FFCCA3ED5" box="[714,830,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">H.W. Feng</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="5489887DCA69FFA22A1FFB6FFC153ED5" box="[892,993,1240,1264]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: One clitellate (C-SC201102-12B): Same data as for
<typeStatus id="5489887DCA69FFA22B5CFB4CFD523F36" box="[575,678,1275,1299]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA69FFA229C3FAF2FEF33F81" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FAF2FEE93F7B" blockId="4.[160,1155,1349,1444]" box="[160,285,1349,1374]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA69FFA229C3FAF2FEE93F7B" box="[160,285,1349,1374]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA229C3FAF2FEE93F7B" bold="true" box="[160,285,1349,1374]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="3">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FADEFEF33F81" blockId="4.[160,1155,1349,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
The species name
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA69FFA228E5FADFFE303FA4" authorityName="Sun and Qiu" authorityYear="2016" box="[390,452,1384,1409]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilvus">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA228E5FADFFE303FA4" box="[390,452,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">gilvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which means light yellow, refers to the pigment of the clitellum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA69FFA229C3FA61FEFE3C9A" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FA61FEE03FCA" blockId="4.[160,1155,1494,1727]" box="[160,276,1494,1519]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA69FFA229C3FA61FEE03FCA" box="[160,276,1494,1519]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA69FFA229C3FA61FEE03FCA" bold="true" box="[160,276,1494,1519]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503" reason="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA69FFA229C3FA4DFEFE3C9A" blockId="4.[160,1155,1494,1727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2503">Three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/78/9; first dorsal pore in 13/14, but also present in 4/56/7; each male pore on a slightly raised elliptical glandular flat-top pad, with a pointed extension lateral to each porophore; the first pair of seminal vesicles is enclosed in the second pair of testis sacs; spermathecal diverticulum shorter than main spermathecal axis by 0.61, distal 0.75 dilated into longer chili pepper-shaped seminal chamber.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA68FFA329C3FF39FD813EFF" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA329C3FF39FED23A82" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,722]" box="[160,294,142,167]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA68FFA329C3FF39FED23A82" box="[160,294,142,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FF39FED23A82" bold="true" box="[160,294,142,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA329C3FF06FDA338F7" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FF06FE653AEF" bold="true" box="[160,401,177,202]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="3">External characters.</emphasis>
Preserved specimens light cinnamon on dorsum, and lacking pigment on ventrum. Mid-dorsal line pigmented. Dimensions
<quantity id="4CCA9B3ACA68FFA32AFBFF63FBEC3AC9" box="[920,1048,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="41.0">4159 mm</quantity>
by
<quantity id="4CCA9B3ACA68FFA32D36FF63FF0C3B2A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.3">2.3 2.8 mm</quantity>
at clitellum, segments number 77108. Body cylindrical in cross section, and gradually tapered towards head and tail. Secondary annulations absent. Prostomium ½ epilobous. First dorsal pore in 13/14, but also present in 4/56/7. Clitellum annular in XIVXVI, lacking pigment, smooth, swollen, setae not visible on clitellum, the trace of dorsal pores very clear on clitellum, but not forming a hole. Setae uniformly distributed, dorsal breaks more distinct than ventral, 2224 at III, 2440 at V, 3236 at VIII, 2240 at XX, 3042 at XXV; 67 between male pores; 1216/VII, 1115/VIII between spermathecal pores, setal formula AA = 11.2AB, ZZ = 1.21.8ZY. Spermathecal pores three pairs, in 6/ 78/9, inconspicuous, intersegmental, about 0.33 of circumference ventrally apart, inconspicuous. No genital papillae in this region. Male pores paired in XVIII, 0.33 of circumference ventrally apart; each on a slightly raised elliptical glandular flat-top pad, with a lateral pointed extension of each porophore, without circular ridges surrounding (
<figureCitation id="13092A5ACA68FFA329CBFD20FEF5388A" box="[168,257,663,687]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1146,1169]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. (a) Amynthas leshanensis Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, spermathecal pores; (b) A. leshanensis sp. nov., male pore region; (c) A. leshanensis sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (d) A. leshanensis sp. nov., spermathecae. (e) Amynthas gilvus Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, male pore region; (f) A. gilvus sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (g) A. gilvus sp. nov., spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994513/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(e)). Genital markings not visible externally. Female pore single, mid-ventral in XIV, elliptical, situated in a depression.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA329C3FD49FD813EFF" blockId="5.[160,1156,766,1242]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FD49FE793932" bold="true" box="[160,397,766,791]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="3">Internal characters.</emphasis>
Septa 5/67/8 and 10/1113/14 slightly thickened, 8/99/10 absent. Dorsal blood vessel single, continuous onto pharynx; esophageal hearts four pairs in XXIII. Gizzard barrel-like, in VIIIX; intestine beginning to swell in XV; intestinal caeca simple, originating in XXVII and extending forward to XXIII, hornshaped sac, surface smooth (
<figureCitation id="13092A5ACA68FFA32894FC3DFDA63987" box="[503,594,906,930]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1146,1169]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. (a) Amynthas leshanensis Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, spermathecal pores; (b) A. leshanensis sp. nov., male pore region; (c) A. leshanensis sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (d) A. leshanensis sp. nov., spermathecae. (e) Amynthas gilvus Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, male pore region; (f) A. gilvus sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (g) A. gilvus sp. nov., spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994513/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(f)). Male sexual system is holandric. Testis sacs two pairs, ventral in X and XI, silver, separated ventro-medially. Seminal vesicles paired in XI and XII, separated ventro-medially, anterior pair are enclosed in posterior pair of testis sacs, dorsal lobe of anterior pair is highly developed, extending to X. Prostate glands developed, coarsely lobate, thick, in XVIXXII, ducts U-curved, distal end stout. No accessory glands observed. Female organs: Ovaries in XIII. Spermathecae paired in VIIIX, about
<quantity id="4CCA9B3ACA68FFA32B16FBEDFD263E57" box="[629,722,1114,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
long; ampulla oval-shaped, with a short duct, about
<quantity id="4CCA9B3ACA68FFA328E6FBCAFE113EB0" box="[389,485,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
; diverticulum shorter than main spermathecal axis by 0.61, distal 0.75 dilated into longer chili pepper-shaped seminal chamber; no nephridia on spermathecal ducts (
<figureCitation id="13092A5ACA68FFA3288AFB75FDB03EFF" box="[489,580,1218,1242]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1146,1169]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1153,142,1115]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. (a) Amynthas leshanensis Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, spermathecal pores; (b) A. leshanensis sp. nov., male pore region; (c) A. leshanensis sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (d) A. leshanensis sp. nov., spermathecae. (e) Amynthas gilvus Sun and Qiu sp. nov., holotype, male pore region; (f) A. gilvus sp. nov., intestinal caecum; (g) A. gilvus sp. nov., spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994513/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(g)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3286554CA68FFA029C3FAB1FBB03E2C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="2505" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA329C3FAB1FEF23F3A" blockId="5.[160,1156,1286,1727]" box="[160,262,1286,1311]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<heading id="D0C581B3CA68FFA329C3FAB1FEF23F3A" box="[160,262,1286,1311]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FAB1FEF23F3A" bold="true" box="[160,262,1286,1311]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA329C3FA9EFE0E3FA2" blockId="5.[160,1156,1286,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA329C3FA9EFE773F67" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu, 2016" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2016" box="[160,387,1321,1346]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2499" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilvus" status="sp.">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FA9EFEA33F67" box="[160,343,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Amynthas gilvus</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557B6CA68FFA32800FA9DFE773F67" box="[355,387,1322,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
nov. also keys to the
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32BF0FA9EFCAA3F67" baseAuthorityName="Horst" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[659,862,1321,1346]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32BF0FA9EFCAA3F67" box="[659,862,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Amynthas sieboldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B2ECA68FFA32AA3FA9DFF233F40" author="Sims RW &amp; Easton EG" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref8133" refString="Sims RW, Easton EG. 1972. A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biol J Linn Soc. 4: 169 - 268." type="journal article" year="1972">Sims and Easton 1972</bibRefCitation>
). This new species is close to two species
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32A69FAFBFBBF3F40" authority="(Chen 1946)" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[778,1099,1356,1381]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32A69FAFBFC593F40" box="[778,941,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Amynthas jaoi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B2ECA68FFA32AA1FAFAFBB73F40" author="Chen Y" box="[962,1091,1357,1381]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" pagination="83 - 141" refId="ref7925" refString="Chen Y. 1946. On the terrestrial Oligochaeta from Szechuan, = 3 \ * ROMAN III. West China Border Res Soc. 16: 83 - 141." type="journal article" year="1946">Chen 1946</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA329C3FAD9FEF93FA2" box="[160,269,1390,1415]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329C3FAD9FEF93FA2" box="[160,269,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Amynthas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32875FAD8FE013FA2" authority="(Chen and Hsu)" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Hsu" box="[278,501,1391,1415]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">loti (Chen and Hsü)</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA68FFA029A3FA26FBBB3BBC" blockId="5.[160,1156,1286,1727]" lastBlockId="6.[160,1157,142,1033]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="2505" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA329A3FA26FE6A3F8F" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu, 2016" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2016" box="[192,414,1425,1450]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2499" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilvus" status="sp.">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA329A3FA26FE813F8F" box="[192,373,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">Amynthas gilvus</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557B6CA68FFA3281DFA25FE6A3F8F" box="[382,414,1426,1450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
nov. resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32B38FA26FD553F8F" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[603,673,1425,1450]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32B38FA26FD553F8F" box="[603,673,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in such characters as: (1) the body size is relatively small; (2) the spermathecal pores are three pairs in 6/78/9 with the distance about 0.33 of circumference ventrally apart; (3) the simple intestinal caeca; (4) the spermathecal duct is short; (5) the prostates are developed. However, they differ as follows: (1) the pigment of the new species is not as dark as that of
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32ABFF9ABFBD13C10" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[988,1061,1564,1589]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32ABFF9ABFBD13C10" box="[988,1061,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (2) the number of setae per segment for the new species is lower than in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32ACDF989FC003C72" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[942,1012,1598,1623]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32ACDF989FC003C72" box="[942,1012,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (3) the first dorsal pore of the new species is 13/14 but the pores in 4/56/7 are present, in contrast with the first dorsal pore in 12/13 for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA68FFA32B01F933FD5D3CB8" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[610,681,1668,1693]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA68FFA32B01F933FD5D3CB8" box="[610,681,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2504">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (4) the male pore porophores have the lateral points but are without other genital markings in the male pore region for the new species; in contrast the male porophore is a single round papilla and with an accompanying postsetal genital marking for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02B36FF07FD6F3AEC" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[597,667,176,201]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02B36FF07FD6F3AEC" box="[597,667,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (5) the diverticulum of the new species is clearly shorter than the main spermathecal axis; however it is longer than the main pouch for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA0287AFF42FE943B2B" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[281,352,245,270]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA0287AFF42FE943B2B" box="[281,352,245,270]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (6) the first pair of seminal vesicles is enclosed in the second pair of testis sacs for the new species, while this is not the case for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02A26FEAFFC7E3B14" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[837,906,280,305]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02A26FEAFFC7E3B14" box="[837,906,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (7) the prostatic duct is unusual and shows a double U-curve shape for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02BAEFE8CFCE43B71" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[717,784,315,340]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02BAEFE8CFCE43B71" box="[717,784,315,340]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while it is a more typical, simple U-curve shape for the new species; (8) there are no observed accessory glands for the new species, but inconspicuous and sessile accessory glands are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02D60FE37FBBC3BBC" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1027,1096,384,409]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="jaoi">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02D60FE37FBBC3BBC" box="[1027,1096,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. jaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA6BFFA029A3FE13FCD739E6" blockId="6.[160,1157,142,1033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">
Considering the decolouring effect of anhydrous ethanol,
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02A2DFE14FC5C3B99" authority="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu, 2016" authorityName="Sun &amp; Jiang &amp; Hu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2016" box="[846,936,419,444]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gilvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02A2DFE14FC5C3B99" box="[846,936,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. gilvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557B6CA6BFFA02AD2FE13FBFD3B99" box="[945,1033,420,444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02D27FE14FB773B99" box="[1092,1155,419,444]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02D27FE14FB773B99" box="[1092,1155,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the similar pigment, even though the pigment is described as light cinnamon on the dorsum for the new species but red-brown on the dorsum for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02A2FFE5FFC7C3824" box="[844,904,488,513]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02A2FFE5FFC7C3824" box="[844,904,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the density of setae is similar for the two species; the spermathecal pores are located in 6/78/9 for both species; and they both have a simple intestinal caeca. Nevertheless, these two species can be distinguished on the following main aspects: (1) the distance between the two spermathecal pores of
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02849FDC5FE9C38AE" box="[298,360,626,651]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02849FDC5FE9C38AE" box="[298,360,626,651]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bigger than in the new species, and two pairs of genital papillae are present on VII and VIII for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02882FD22FDD7388B" box="[481,547,661,686]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02882FD22FDD7388B" box="[481,547,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but absent for the new species; (2) the male pore porophore is cone-like and surrounded by 34 circles in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02A47FD0FFC9738F4" box="[804,867,696,721]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02A47FD0FFC9738F4" box="[804,867,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is a slightly raised elliptical glandular flat-top pad accompanied by a tail in the new one; (3) the septa in 8/9 9/10 is membranous in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA028C7FD4AFE143933" box="[420,480,765,790]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA028C7FD4AFE143933" box="[420,480,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but absent in the new species; (4) the seminal chamber of
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02D0CFD4AFF36391C" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02D0CFD4AFF36391C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ovoid-like but long pepper-shaped in the new species; (5) there is not a developed prostate gland in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02804FCF5FE51397E" box="[359,421,834,859]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02804FCF5FE51397E" box="[359,421,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is developed in the new species; (6) the ball-like accessory gland is present on the spermathecal region in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02BC7FCD2FD2B395B" box="[676,735,869,894]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02BC7FCD2FD2B395B" box="[676,735,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but there is no accessory gland in the new species; (7) the first pair of seminal vesicles are enclosed in the second pair of testis sacs of the new species, but this is not the case for
<taxonomicName id="4C324D5CCA6BFFA02B83FC1DFCE939E6" box="[736,797,938,963]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="loti">
<emphasis id="B946EACDCA6BFFA02B83FC1DFCE939E6" box="[736,797,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">A. loti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36DFCA6BFFA029A3FC79FBB03E2C" blockId="6.[160,1157,142,1033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505">
The partial COI sequence of the
<typeStatus id="5489887DCA6BFFA02B57FC79FD6C39C3" box="[564,664,974,998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2505" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
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