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<document id="E9EB520E013A956D944437D9798BD135" ID-CLB-Dataset="37322" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4211.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7af458af-d56d-44e3-a6f7-af97868175d9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272750" ID-ZooBank="6B86C6BA-6AFE-4AAD-870D-04794C138D47" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484386885843" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Antić, Dragan Ž. &amp; Makarov, Slobodan E." docDate="2016" docId="03B7878CFF91CD78FF4CEAC1B37DEFF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4211.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4211 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Heterocaucaseuma Antić &amp; Makarov, 2016, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="FF8EFFF4FFD7CD3EFFDBE875B173E949" masterDocTitle="The Caucasus as a major hotspot of biodiversity: Evidence from the millipede family Anthroleucosomatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida)" masterLastPageNumber="205" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1698435542289" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D0C0E8BAEB6AFBA1B17FCEFF9CC3A2E9">The Caucasus as a major hotspot of biodiversity: Evidence from the millipede family Anthroleucosomatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="014E19FA7CA6014EAC18F911D6C30963">Antić, Dragan Ž.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95DE7BFC8846E3E6432B1BC0BAE93468">Makarov, Slobodan E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="D696197D7C47826257B69CF325833208">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B7878CFF91CD78FF4CEAC1B37DEFF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6074402" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6074402" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7878CFF91CD78FF4CEAC1B37DEFF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7878CFF91CD78FF4CEAC1B37DEFF2" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF4CEAC1B33FEB87" box="[151,588,692,718]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF4CEAC1B33FEB87" blockId="70.[151,588,692,718]" box="[151,588,692,718]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<heading id="D0E981F6FF91CD78FF4CEAC1B33FEB87" bold="true" box="[151,588,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF4CEAC1B33FEB87" bold="true" box="[151,588,692,718]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FF35EAC1B0A4EB87" ID-CoL="7PK2C" box="[238,471,692,718]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF35EAC1B0A4EB87" bold="true" box="[238,471,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Heterocaucaseuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957F3FF91CD78FE05EAC1B33FEB87" box="[478,588,692,718]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF4CEA8FB0C4EA37" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF4CEA8FB0C4EA37" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF4CEA8FB062EA5A" bold="true" box="[151,273,762,787]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FE75EA8EB34CEA5B" box="[430,575,763,786]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Caucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FE75EA8EB34CEA5B" box="[430,575,763,786]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Caucaseuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by the presence of a medial syncoxal part of the anterior gonopods. Distinguished from the obviously most similar genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FD34EB6BB225EA7E" box="[751,854,798,823]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Alpinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FD34EB6BB225EA7E" box="[751,854,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Alpinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957F3FF91CD78FC86EB6BB2B5EA7E" box="[861,966,798,823]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FC86EB6BB2B5EA7E" bold="true" box="[861,966,798,823]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the presence of simpler lateral parts of the anterior gonopods, and by the development of two flagelliform coxal processes on the posterior gonopods
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FAA6EB31B4EFEA12" box="[1405,1436,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">vs.</emphasis>
one in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FF38EB13B039EA36" box="[227,330,870,895]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Alpinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF38EB13B039EA36" box="[227,330,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Alpinella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957F3FF91CD78FE8AEB12B0C4EA37" box="[337,439,871,895]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CEBFFB285EA8F" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEBFFB285EA8F" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEBFFB03DEAEA" bold="true" box="[199,334,906,931]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Etymology.</emphasis>
To emphazise the difference in the structure of the anterior gonopods with
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FB4DEBFEB45DEAEB" box="[1174,1326,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FB4DEBFEB459EAEB" box="[1174,1322,907,930]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Caucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caucaseuma</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
while the posterior gonopods share the same conformation. The name is a neuter noun.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CEBA7B474EC3E" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEBA7B34DED8A" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEBA7B02AEAA2" bold="true" box="[199,345,978,1003]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Description.</emphasis>
This genus includes the largest
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FD65EBA7B2CFEAA2" box="[702,956,978,1003]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Anthroleucosomatidae</taxonomicName>
with body length
<quantity id="4CE69B7FFF91CD78FB5CEBA6B58CEAA3" box="[1159,1279,979,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="19.0">1927 mm</quantity>
in males,
<quantity id="4CE69B7FFF91CD78FAA9EBA6B18EED47" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.525" metricValueMax="3.05" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="25.25" valueMax="30.5" valueMin="20.0">20 30.5 mm</quantity>
in females; number of body segments
<quantity id="4CE69B7FFF91CD78FD19EB82B38DED46" box="[706,766,1014,1039]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
adults (including telson). Specimens in alcohol uniformly yellowish, only with traces of a pigmentation; fresher material of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FCA6EC69B56AED7A" box="[893,1049,1050,1075]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicorne">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FCA6EC69B56AED7A" box="[893,1049,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. longicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FBFAEC6FB5A1ED7A" bold="true" box="[1057,1234,1050,1075]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
collected in 2014 almost uniformly brown. Head without frontal depression in males. Antennae somewhat elongated. Lateral keels well-developed. Macrochaetae relatively long, trichoid. Leg-pairs
<quantity id="4CE69B7FFF91CD78FC57EC16B2A6ED32" box="[908,981,1122,1147]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="in" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">37 in</quantity>
males enlarged. Male leg-pair 7 with a posterior coxal process. Male leg-pairs 10 and 11 with coxal glands. Male leg-pair 10 with a coxal horn or process. Male leg-pair 11 without coxal horns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CECBBB025EC66" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Anterior gonopods with a well-developed, medial, hairy, sternal sac (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FC03ECBAB29DEDAF" box="[984,1006,1231,1254]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">ss</emphasis>
) on anterior side of sternal plate (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FAA8ECBAB4FFEDAF" box="[1395,1420,1231,1254]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">sp</emphasis>
). Gonopods consisting of one medial syncoxal part (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FD05EC81B39AEC42" box="[734,745,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">s</emphasis>
) and two lateral parts (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FC2CEC87B57EEC42" box="[1015,1037,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">lp</emphasis>
), these being different in length in different species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CED4FB474EC3E" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Posterior gonopods with completely divided coxites (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FCFEED49B242EC1A" box="[805,817,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">c</emphasis>
). Posterolateral sides with small telopodites (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FAE2ED49B432EC1A" box="[1337,1345,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">t</emphasis>
). Coxal vesicles (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FEDBED2AB06AEC3F" box="[256,281,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">cv</emphasis>
) present on anterior side. Both coxites bearing a pair of flagelliform coxal processes (
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FB07ED2AB584EC3F" box="[1244,1271,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">cp</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CEDF7B38AECD2" box="[199,761,1410,1435]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEDF7B38AECD2" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,761,1410,1435]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEDF7B013ECD2" bold="true" box="[199,352,1410,1435]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49DAF878FF91CD78FEBCEDF7B0A6ECD2" box="[359,469,1410,1435]" country="Georgia" name="Abkhazia" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Abkhazia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F309760AFF91CD78FE3BEDF7B358ECD2" box="[480,555,1410,1435]" name="Russia" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13252A1FFF91CD78FDE1EDF7B3E8ECD2" box="[570,667,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 167" captionStartId="196.[151,250,2007,2029]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,1136,1986]" captionTargetId="figure@196.[188,1398,1136,1986]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURE 167. Distribution of the Caucasian Anthroleucosomatidae: the Caucaseuma complex." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272916/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Fig. 167</figureCitation>
, circles)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CEDD3B0F9ECAA" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEDD3B5BEECF6" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,1229,1446,1471]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEDD3B011ECF6" bold="true" box="[199,354,1446,1471]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Type species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FEB2EDD2B2CDECF6" authority="Golovatch &amp; Makarov, 2011" authorityName="Golovatch &amp; Makarov" authorityYear="2011" box="[361,958,1446,1471]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Anamastigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauriesi">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FEB2EDD2B300ECF7" box="[361,627,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Anamastigona mauriesi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B6BFF91CD78FDA0EDD3B2CDECF6" author="Golovatch" box="[635,958,1446,1471]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Golovatch, S. I. &amp; Makarov, S. E. (2011) Two new, easternmost species of the millipede genus Anamastigona Silvestri, 1898 from Israel and the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Anthroleucosomatidae). Arthropoda Selecta, 20 (1), 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="2011">Golovatch &amp; Makarov, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEDBFB0F9ECAA" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,394,1482,1507]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEDBFB0F9ECAA" bold="true" box="[199,394,1482,1507]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Included species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CED9AB3A7EF62" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CED9AB26FEF4E" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,796,1518,1543]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FF1CED9AB31BEF4E" box="[199,616,1519,1543]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminaepectorum">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CED9AB31BEF4E" box="[199,616,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Heterocaucaseuma feminaepectorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FDB5ED9BB26FEF4E" bold="true" box="[622,796,1518,1543]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEE61B3A7EF62" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,724,1554,1579]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FF1CEE61B36DEF62" box="[199,542,1554,1579]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicorne">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEE61B36DEF62" box="[199,542,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Heterocaucaseuma longicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FDFEEE67B3A7EF62" bold="true" box="[549,724,1554,1579]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046511FF91CD78FF1CEE42B37DEFF2" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEE42B5B3EF06" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" box="[199,1216,1590,1615]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FF1CEE42B211EF06" ID-CoL="849BR" authority="Golovatch &amp; Makarov, 2011" authorityName="Golovatch &amp; Makarov" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,866,1590,1615]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mauriesi">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEE42B374EF07" box="[199,519,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Heterocaucaseuma mauriesi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B6BFF91CD78FDCEEE43B229EF06" author="Golovatch" box="[533,858,1590,1615]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Golovatch, S. I. &amp; Makarov, S. E. (2011) Two new, easternmost species of the millipede genus Anamastigona Silvestri, 1898 from Israel and the Caucasus (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Anthroleucosomatidae). Arthropoda Selecta, 20 (1), 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="2011">Golovatch &amp; Makarov, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(comb. nov. ex
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FBCEEE42B5C4EF07" ID-CoL="7NPLP" box="[1045,1207,1591,1614]" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Anamastigona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FBCEEE42B5C4EF07" box="[1045,1207,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Anamastigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1369AFF91CD78FF1CEE2FB37DEFF2" blockId="70.[151,1437,762,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FF1CEE2FB062EF3A" bold="true" box="[199,273,1626,1651]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Notes.</emphasis>
All three species are known only from caves and show some troglomorphic features such as reduced pigmentation, elongated antennae and walking legs or even more numerous setae on the gnatochilarium in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D19FF91CD78FA5AEE0AB02AEFF2" ID-CoL="849BP" class="Diplopoda" family="Anthroleucosomatidae" genus="Heterocaucaseuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminaepectorum">
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FA5AEE0AB02AEFF2" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. feminaepectorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96AEA88FF91CD78FEBBEED7B37DEFF2" bold="true" box="[352,526,1698,1723]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>