267 lines
31 KiB
XML
267 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="34B25DC3D50008915BAB458EE8C21347" ID-DOI="10.3897/zoologia.38.e63526" ID-ISSN="1984-4689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13176203" ID-ZooBank="DC7BC4A9-25B6-4F70-B219-65B87F506572" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722590507507" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Becker, Vitor Osmar" docDate="2021" docId="AD2987D05E46FFCEFC63FAEDFA60FE42" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoologia.38.e63526.pdf" docOrigin="Zoologia (e 63526) 38" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.38.e63526" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9D87517C92C8E430512793D922E147D4.1:Zoologia.2017-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="9D87517C92C8E430512793D922E147D4" docStyleName="Zoologia.2017-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Bardaxima procne" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="5110FFA85E43FFC7FFF0FFEBF859FFCF" masterDocTitle="A review of the Neotropical moth genus Bardaxima (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae: Nystaleinae), with special reference to the species occurring in Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1722628147863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="3299C3023CD11122DA2BCAF7C364481D">A review of the Neotropical moth genus Bardaxima (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae: Nystaleinae), with special reference to the species occurring in Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="058330572E5FEF64C5CD50219B772FB2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="320FCBEC512B4CD375FB48F34FDC2D23">Becker, Vitor Osmar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F67306AF5EA02269BA531BC55A5E7662">Serra Bonita Reserve. Caixa Postal 01, 45880 - 000 Camacan, Bahia, Brazil. Corresponding author: Vitor Osmar Becker (becker. vitor @ gmail. com)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8246572403B98AE52269F692EA05DEB1" type="email">becker.vitor@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9353984D7683FDD8DEF55F755F1E3110">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ABF09E83A39EF8992420DADC3D60DFC0">Zoologia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F05848F74B12E4215894699EECA92D3E">
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<mods:date id="5460D9AA6512BE80CA4AA6627EC84263">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="85F019C376F980F929930101F21BC813">e 63526</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="943491B09F5A4AB871A453188D4E035F">2021-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="82D13DA7B3AA214A4A5E7E08427BE5FF">38</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8F13A13643F823774CA89E97DBE16EDE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.38.e63526</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6BE1EC30BDD74A2974BED68E32AEDCD2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="290AC6FD484C2AEB841BF47DF228D9D1" type="DOI">10.3897/zoologia.38.e63526</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B391633D496D050F3C6DB2F8471634FC" type="ISSN">1984-4689</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AD2987D05E46FFCEFC63FAEDFA60FE42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD2987D05E46FFCEFC63FAEDFA60FE42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD2987D05E46FFCEFC63FAEDFA60FE42" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="6D9A654D5E46FFC2FC63FAEDFD73FAEE" box="[915,1322,1286,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="253F36C65E46FFC2FC63FAEDFD73FAEE" blockId="5.[915,1322,1286,1313]" box="[915,1322,1286,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="7E7781AA5E46FFC2FC63FAEDFD73FAEE" box="[915,1322,1286,1313]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E46FFC2FC63FAEDFD73FAEE" ID-CoL="BWKSY" authority="(Schaus, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Schaus" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[915,1322,1286,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procne">
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<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E46FFC2FC63FAEDFC30FAEE" box="[915,1129,1286,1313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bardaxima procne</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="41114B375E46FFC2FB87FAEDFD7AFAEE" author="Schaus W" box="[1143,1315,1286,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="318 - 341" refId="ref8385" refString="Schaus W (1892) Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera Heterocera from Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. II. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1892: 318 - 341." type="book chapter" year="1892">Schaus, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D9A654D5E46FFC2FBF8FAC5FCEFFA8D" box="[1032,1206,1326,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="253F36C65E46FFC2FBF8FAC5FCEFFA8D" blockId="5.[1032,1206,1326,1346]" box="[1032,1206,1326,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FBF8FAC5FC28FA8D" box="[1032,1137,1326,1346]" captionStart="Figures 31–38" captionStartId="7.[151,218,1677,1697]" captionTargetBox="[167,1410,206,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[160,1419,197,1667]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 31–38. Bardaxima specimens, dorsal view: (31–33) B. procne: (31) male, Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil; (32) female, Cacaulândia, Rondônia, Brazil; (33) female, Jenaro Herrera, Loreto, Peru. (34–38) B. sambana: (34) male holotype, Costa Rica; (35) male, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil; (36) female, Guaramiranga, Ceará. Brazil; (37) male, Los Bancos, Pichuincha, Ecuador; (38) male, Esquipulas, Chiquimula, Guatemala." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 31–33</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FB8AFAC5FCEFFA8D" box="[1146,1206,1326,1346]" captionStart="Figures 51–62" captionStartId="10.[157,224,1542,1562]" captionTargetBox="[206,1398,201,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-129@10.[198,1397,197,1527]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 51–62. Bardaxima, male genitalia, aedoeagus, 8th male abdominal segment, ventral view: (51–53) B. marcida; (54–56) B. subrutila; (57–59) B. procne; (60–62) B. sambana." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">57–59</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D9A654D5E46FFC2FCD9FABEFC11FA26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="253F36C65E46FFC2FCD9FABEFBB4FA53" blockId="5.[809,1431,1364,1513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="059011E85E46FFC2FCD9FABEFBB4FA53" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitation id="A42110D75E46FFC2FCD9FABEFCCBFAA6" author="Schaus W" box="[809,1170,1364,1385]" page="336" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1892">
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<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E46FFC2FCD9FABEFCCBFAA6" ID-CoL="BXJXS" authority="Schaus, 1892: 336" authorityName="Schaus" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1892" box="[809,1170,1364,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Symmerista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procne">
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<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E46FFC2FCD9FABEFB8CFAA7" box="[809,981,1364,1385]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Symmerista procne</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41114B375E46FFC2FC2DFABEFCCBFAA6" author="Schaus W" box="[989,1170,1365,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="318 - 341" refId="ref8385" refString="Schaus W (1892) Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera Heterocera from Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. II. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1892: 318 - 341." type="book chapter" year="1892">Schaus, 1892: 336</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="FA3B88645E46FFC2FB6CFABEFCA1FAA6" box="[1180,1272,1365,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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female,
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<collectingCountry id="5D9776565E46FFC2FABCFABEFDCBFAA6" box="[1356,1426,1365,1385]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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: [RJ], Corcovado (USNM), designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="A42110D75E46FFC2FB3BFA84FB2DFA53" author="Schintlmeister A" page="432" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2016">
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<bibRefCitation id="41114B375E46FFC2FB3BFA84FB2DFA53" author="Schintlmeister A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 606" refId="ref8545" refString="Schintlmeister A (2016) An illustrated type catalogue of the Notodontidae in the National Museum of Natural History Washington, D. C. (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae). Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich and Vilnius 4: 1 - 606." type="journal article" year="2016">Schintlmeister (2016: 432)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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[examined].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="253F36C65E46FFC2FCD9FA49FC11FA26" blockId="5.[809,1431,1364,1513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="059011E85E46FFC2FCD9FA49FC11FA26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A42110D75E46FFC2FCD9FA49FC39FA79" author="Schaus W" box="[809,1120,1442,1462]" page="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1928">
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<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E46FFC2FCD9FA49FC39FA79" ID-CoL="3G3VJ" authority="Schaus, 1928: 32" authorityName="Schaus" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1928" box="[809,1120,1442,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Gisara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyeri">
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<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E46FFC2FCD9FA49FBF1FA79" box="[809,936,1442,1462]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gisara meyeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="41114B375E46FFC2FC42FA49FC39FA79" author="Schaus W" box="[946,1120,1442,1462]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref8444" refString="Schaus W (1928) New moths of the family Ceruridae (Notodontidae) in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 73: 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="1928">Schaus, 1928: 32</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="FA3B88645E46FFC2FB9CFA49FC91FA79" box="[1132,1224,1442,1462]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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male,
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<collectingCountry id="5D9776565E46FFC2FAE0FA49FB2FFA00" name="French Guiana" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FRENCH GUIANA</collectingCountry>
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||
: St. Laurent (USNM), designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="A42110D75E46FFC2FB3CFA50FB2BFA26" author="Schintlmeister A" page="323" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2016">
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<bibRefCitation id="41114B375E46FFC2FB3CFA50FB2BFA26" author="Schintlmeister A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 606" refId="ref8545" refString="Schintlmeister A (2016) An illustrated type catalogue of the Notodontidae in the National Museum of Natural History Washington, D. C. (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae). Proceedings of the Museum Witt Munich and Vilnius 4: 1 - 606." type="journal article" year="2016">Schintlmeister (2016: 323)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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[examined]. Syn. nov.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D9A654D5E46FFCEFC95FA11FA60FE42" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="253F36C65E46FFC2FC95FA11FDCEF910" blockId="5.[809,1431,1530,1759]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Diagnosis. Male (
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<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FBE5FA11FC03F9C1" box="[1045,1114,1530,1550]" captionStart="Figures 31–38" captionStartId="7.[151,218,1677,1697]" captionTargetBox="[167,1410,206,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[160,1419,197,1667]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 31–38. Bardaxima specimens, dorsal view: (31–33) B. procne: (31) male, Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil; (32) female, Cacaulândia, Rondônia, Brazil; (33) female, Jenaro Herrera, Loreto, Peru. (34–38) B. sambana: (34) male holotype, Costa Rica; (35) male, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil; (36) female, Guaramiranga, Ceará. Brazil; (37) male, Los Bancos, Pichuincha, Ecuador; (38) male, Esquipulas, Chiquimula, Guatemala." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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) FW length
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<quantity id="E2789B235E46FFC2FB2CFA10FD10F9C1" box="[1244,1353,1531,1550]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="23.0">23–25 mm</quantity>
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||
(
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||
<quantity id="E2789B235E46FFC2FAA7FA10FB0AF9E3" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="54.0" valueMax="56.0" valueMin="52.0">52–56 mm</quantity>
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wingspan), female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FBDAF9F3FCC7F9E3" box="[1066,1182,1560,1580]" captionStart="Figures 31–38" captionStartId="7.[151,218,1677,1697]" captionTargetBox="[167,1410,206,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[160,1419,197,1667]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 31–38. Bardaxima specimens, dorsal view: (31–33) B. procne: (31) male, Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil; (32) female, Cacaulândia, Rondônia, Brazil; (33) female, Jenaro Herrera, Loreto, Peru. (34–38) B. sambana: (34) male holotype, Costa Rica; (35) male, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil; (36) female, Guaramiranga, Ceará. Brazil; (37) male, Los Bancos, Pichuincha, Ecuador; (38) male, Esquipulas, Chiquimula, Guatemala." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 32, 33</figureCitation>
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||
) FW length
|
||
<quantity id="E2789B235E46FFC2FAD7F9F2FDCCF9E3" box="[1319,1429,1561,1580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="30.0">30–33 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="E2789B235E46FFC2FCDFF9DDFBC7F985" box="[815,926,1590,1610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="6.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="69.0" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="66.0">66–72 mm</quantity>
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wingspan). FW gray, minutely mottled blackish; large white patch on tornus; termen dark fuscous, from apex to Cu1. Thorax, dorsally, with a conspicuous white dot at middle. HW dark gray, cilia white. Distal margin of 8
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||
<superScript id="D2F59B8E5E46FFC2FABFF964FD05F954" attach="left" box="[1359,1372,1679,1691]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">th</superScript>
|
||
male sternite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FC75F945FB92F90E" box="[901,971,1710,1730]" captionStart="Figures 51–62" captionStartId="10.[157,224,1542,1562]" captionTargetBox="[206,1398,201,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-129@10.[198,1397,197,1527]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 51–62. Bardaxima, male genitalia, aedoeagus, 8th male abdominal segment, ventral view: (51–53) B. marcida; (54–56) B. subrutila; (57–59) B. procne; (60–62) B. sambana." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
) shallowly concave. Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E46FFC2FAB3F945FDD5F90E" box="[1347,1420,1710,1730]" captionStart="Figures 51–62" captionStartId="10.[157,224,1542,1562]" captionTargetBox="[206,1398,201,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-129@10.[198,1397,197,1527]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 51–62. Bardaxima, male genitalia, aedoeagus, 8th male abdominal segment, ventral view: (51–53) B. marcida; (54–56) B. subrutila; (57–59) B. procne; (60–62) B. sambana." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
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): uncus thin, tapering distad to a sharp tip; socii small, thin.
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="71FF664E5E45FFC1FF6FF986FACBF936" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[159,226,1645,1665]" targetBox="[198,1436,114,1631]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E45FFC1FF6FF986FACBF936" blockId="6.[159,1438,1644,1785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Figures 19–30.
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||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FEC2F987F9CBF94F" authorityName="Walker, 1858:" authorityYear="1349" box="[306,402,1644,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FEC2F987F9CBF94F" box="[306,402,1644,1664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bardaxima</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FE6FF986FA46F94E" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="2021" box="[415,543,1645,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Stragulodonta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FE6FF986FA46F94E" box="[415,543,1645,1665]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stragulodonta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FDA1F987FACCF94F" authorityName="Moschler" authorityYear="1883" box="[593,661,1644,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Elasmia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FDA1F987FACCF94F" box="[593,661,1644,1664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Elasmia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, dorsal view: (19)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FC42F987FBACF94F" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1900" box="[946,1013,1644,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Heterocampa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ionia">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FC42F987FBE5F94F" box="[946,956,1644,1664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FC39F987FBACF94F" box="[969,1013,1644,1664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ionia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica; (20)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FF50F961F8A0F951" authorityName="Draudt" authorityYear="1932" box="[160,249,1674,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissona">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FF50F961F8A0F951" box="[160,249,1674,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. dissona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male holotype, Peru; (21, 22)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FDD2F961FADEF951" authorityName="Dognin" authorityYear="1908" box="[546,647,1674,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Gisara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subrutila">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FDD2F961FADEF951" box="[546,647,1674,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. subrutila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male, female, Camacan, Bahia, Brasil. (23–25)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FBB5F961FCE6F951" authorityName="Jones" authorityYear="1908" box="[1093,1215,1674,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalba">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FBB5F961FCE6F951" box="[1093,1215,1674,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. terminalba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (23, 24) male, female, Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil; (25) male holotype, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. (26–28)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FBC6F942FCCFF972" baseAuthorityName="Moschler" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[1078,1174,1705,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Heterocampa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stragula">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FBC6F942FCCFF972" box="[1078,1174,1705,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. stragula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (26) male, Jenaro Herrera, Loreto, Peru; (27) female, Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil; (28) male holotype, Surinam. (29, 30)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E45FFC1FC0CF92DFC10F915" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1020,1097,1734,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Elasmia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perses">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E45FFC1FC0CF92DFC10F915" box="[1020,1097,1734,1754]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E. perses</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (29) male, Cacaulândia, Rondônia, Brazil; (30) female, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="71FF664E5E44FFC0FF67F966F95FF935" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,218,1677,1697]" targetBox="[167,1410,206,1665]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E44FFC0FF67F966F95FF935" blockId="7.[150,1430,1676,1786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Figures 31–38.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E44FFC0FEDCF967F9D5F96F" authorityName="Walker, 1858:" authorityYear="1349" box="[300,396,1676,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E44FFC0FEDCF967F9D5F96F" box="[300,396,1676,1696]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bardaxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens, dorsal view: (31–33)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E44FFC0FD22F967FB71F96F" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1892" box="[722,808,1676,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Symmerista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procne">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E44FFC0FD22F967FB71F96F" box="[722,808,1676,1696]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. procne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (31) male, Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil; (32) female, Cacaulândia, Rondônia, Brazil; (33) female, Jenaro Herrera, Loreto, Peru. (34–38)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E44FFC0FCFEF941FB21F971" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[782,888,1706,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambana">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E44FFC0FCFEF941FB21F971" box="[782,888,1706,1726]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. sambana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (34) male holotype, Costa Rica; (35) male, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil; (36) female, Guaramiranga, Ceará. Brazil; (37) male, Los Bancos, Pichuincha, Ecuador; (38) male, Esquipulas, Chiquimula, Guatemala.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="71FF664E5E4BFFCFFF6FF9CAF9A7F99D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[159,225,1569,1589]" targetBox="[190,1412,203,1556]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E4BFFCFFF6FF9CAF9A7F99D" blockId="8.[159,1436,1568,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Figures 39–50.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4BFFCFFEDAF9CBF9D3F9FB" authorityName="Walker, 1858:" authorityYear="1349" box="[298,394,1568,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4BFFCFFEDAF9CBF9D3F9FB" box="[298,394,1568,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bardaxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male genitália, aedoeagus, 8
|
||
<superScript id="D2F59B8E5E4BFFCFFD6EF9CBFAF3F9E3" attach="left" box="[670,682,1568,1580]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
|
||
male abdominal segment, ventral view: (39–41)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4BFFCFFB9DF9CBFC92F9FB" authorityName="Walker, 1858:" authorityYear="1349" box="[1133,1227,1568,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucilinea">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4BFFCFFB9DF9CBFC92F9FB" box="[1133,1227,1568,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. lucilinea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (42–44)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4BFFCFFAD6F9CBFDCFF9FA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1869" box="[1318,1430,1568,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" genus="Gozarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgurifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4BFFCFFAD6F9CBFDCFF9FA" box="[1318,1430,1568,1589]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. fulgurifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (45–47)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4BFFCFFF00F9D5F90EF99D" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1928" box="[240,343,1598,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Elymiotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="donatian">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4BFFCFFF00F9D5F90EF99D" box="[240,343,1598,1618]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. donatian</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (48–50)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4BFFCFFE45F9D5F9A1F99D" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1900" box="[437,504,1598,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Heterocampa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ionia">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4BFFCFFE45F9D5F9A1F99D" box="[437,504,1598,1618]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. ionia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E4BFFCFFF6FF96FFA40F93E" blockId="8.[157,779,1668,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Valva broad, costa slightly curved at distal third; sacculus long, narrow, reaching tip of valva, with pair of thin, sharp pointed teeth at middle. Aedoeagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDBB2A435E4BFFCFFE41F92BF9ABF91C" box="[433,498,1728,1748]" captionStart="Figures 51–62" captionStartId="10.[157,224,1542,1562]" captionTargetBox="[206,1398,201,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-129@10.[198,1397,197,1527]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 51–62. Bardaxima, male genitalia, aedoeagus, 8th male abdominal segment, ventral view: (51–53) B. marcida; (54–56) B. subrutila; (57–59) B. procne; (60–62) B. sambana." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
) curved ventrad; three sharp pointed teeth at apex; vesica smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E4BFFCFFC9DF96FFC3CF97A" blockId="8.[816,1437,1668,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Material studied.
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA3B88645E4BFFCFFBD4F96EFC39F957" box="[1060,1120,1669,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Types</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="3386FD4F5E4BFFCFFB9DF96FFC90F958" box="[1133,1225,1668,1687]" count="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">12 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(g.s. 4536, 5615),
|
||
<materialsCitation id="95E83C9B5E4BFFCFFA60F96FFC38F97A" collectionCode="VOB, AMC" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="3386FD4F5E4BFFCFFA60F96FFB22F97A" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="4391AE035E4BFFCFFC78F949FBE2F97A" box="[904,955,1698,1717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">VOB</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3386FD4F5E4BFFCFFC3BF949FC4FF97A" box="[971,1046,1698,1717]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="4391AE035E4BFFCFFBD2F949FC03F97A" box="[1058,1114,1698,1717]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2xyg-zxc2" name="Department of Biologics Research" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">AMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E4BFFCFFC9DF92BFCCDF93E" blockId="8.[816,1437,1668,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9776565E4BFFCFFC08F92BFCD6F91C" box="[1016,1167,1728,1747]" name="French Guiana" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9776565E4BFFCFFB46F92BFCA8F91C" box="[1206,1265,1728,1747]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, throughout the Amazon region, south to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E744F8245E4BFFCFFBDEF935FCC8F93E" box="[1070,1169,1758,1777]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="253F36C65E4AFFCEFF24FF2DFA60FE42" blockId="9.[150,773,198,397]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Remarks. Easily distinguished from other similar species by the conspicuous white dot on the center of thorax, dorsally. Specimens tend to be darker (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4AFFCEFE3BFEE9FA7AFEDB" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1928" box="[459,547,258,277]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Gisara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4AFFCEFE3BFEE9F982FEDA" box="[459,475,258,277]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4AFFCEFE17FEE9FA7AFEDB" box="[487,547,258,276]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">meyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) towards the northern portion of the distributional range. Genitalia of both phenotypes, as well of intermediate phenotypes, are identical. It is very likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4AFFCEFEC9FEB7F9D6FEA1" baseAuthorityName="Schaus" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[313,399,347,366]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Bardaxima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brauni">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4AFFCEFEC9FEB7F9D6FEA1" box="[313,399,347,366]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. brauni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the next species, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9776565E4AFFCEFD74FEB0FAB1FEA1" box="[644,744,347,366]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, is just a local, darker phenotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2804D455E4AFFCEFE2EFE91FA6AFE43" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1892" box="[478,563,378,396]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Symmerista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procne">
|
||
<emphasis id="17F4EAD45E4AFFCEFE2EFE91FA6AFE43" box="[478,563,378,396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B. procne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |