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treatments-xml/data/03/A5/87/03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE.xml
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<document id="C9AEEF6823324BD6D6188A0B808D0E8E" ID-CLB-Dataset="24540" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4708.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="653d580d-e1c7-499c-8604-4b5a7b1920ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3587181" ID-ZooBank="09F24F0B-5090-4089-A525-8E5150C91EF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1576825058981" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perkins, Philip D." docDate="2019" docId="03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4708.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4708 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hydrochus pseudosecretus Perkins 2019, new status" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF9CFF9FA863FFE40C2D1244FFE19255" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Venezuelan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817, and an analysis of male genitalia morphology (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae)" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698775642300" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C134D13F893F0CBFFDAFB1A6587F11C3">Taxonomy of Venezuelan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817, and an analysis of male genitalia morphology (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="34F2A4373656581839B577800D0728AB">Perkins, Philip D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A6B0C7D5C87DB52167C284B6937984D3">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2EC871250D5D25B3EFBEFE2C346D2148">2019-12-12</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="588180D8F59DC24E435B676651E3AE3A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5941783" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160798405" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5941783" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C316657AA86EFFE90CBA13D1FD5993FA" box="[151,696,405,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0FB819DA86EFFE90CBA13D1FD5993FA" bold="true" box="[151,696,405,432]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CBA13D1FD5993FA" bold="true" box="[151,696,405,432]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86EFFE90CBA13D1FDC993FA" ID-CoL="6MJWS" authority="Oliva" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,552,405,432]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosecretus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CBA13D1FE3A93E5" bold="true" box="[151,475,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hydrochus pseudosecretus</emphasis>
Oliva
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B5798A86EFFE90E1813D1FD5993FA" box="[565,696,405,431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CBA13FDFEDF9386" blockId="13.[151,696,405,467]" box="[151,318,441,467]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90CBA13FDFF049386" box="[151,229,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="14.[151,250,2009,2034]" captionTargetBox="[199,1400,435,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,417,1984]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal habitus of Hydrochus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587185" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587185/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90CDC13FDFEF79386" box="[241,278,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1749,1774]" captionTargetBox="[227,1390,212,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,181,1724]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 4A–B. Male genitalia characters of (A) H. pseudosecretus Oliva (ventral); (B) H. sagittarius n. sp. (ventral; diagrammatical, showing locations of muscles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587189/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90D0F13FDFEDF9386" box="[290,318,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C316657AA86EFFE90CBA13B9FCB99061" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CBA13B9FDB99040" blockId="13.[151,856,508,564]" box="[151,600,508,533]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C11DFA86EFFE90CBA13B9FDB99040" box="[151,600,508,533]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86EFFE90CBA13B9FDB59040" ID-CoL="6MJWS" authority="Oliva 1996: 321" authorityName="Oliva" authorityPageNumber="321" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,596,508,533]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosecretus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CBA13B9FE479040" box="[151,422,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hydrochus pseudosecretus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AAD10E0A86EFFE90D8113B8FDB59040" author="Oliva, A." box="[428,596,508,533]" page="321" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86EFFE90D8113B8FDB59040" author="Oliva, A." box="[428,596,508,533]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="301 - 341" refId="ref30673" refString="Oliva, A. (1996) The genus Hydrochus Leach (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea: Hydrochidae) in South America, with special reference to Argentina. Bulletin et annales de la Societe royale belge d'entomologie, 132, 301 - 341." type="journal article" year="1996">Oliva 1996: 321</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C11DFA86EFFE90CBA1058FCB99061" box="[151,856,539,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86EFFE90CBA1058FE249061" ID-CoL="6MJWR" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[151,453,539,564]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CBA1058FE929061" box="[151,371,540,564]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hydrochus purpureus</emphasis>
Knisch
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:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAD10E0A86EFFE90DE3105FFD439061" author="Makhan, D." box="[462,674,539,564]" page="148" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86EFFE90DE3105FFD439061" author="Makhan, D." box="[462,674,539,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref30397" refString="Makhan, D. (1998) Three new genera and two new species of Hydrochidae from different parts of the World (Coleoptera). Annales historico-naturales musei nationalis hungarici, 90, 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1998">Makhan (1998: 148)</bibRefCitation>
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; misidentification
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<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CBA10C1FE2D90F5" bold="true" box="[151,460,645,672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined (211):</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F31B7661A86EFFE90DF510C2FDB490F5" box="[472,597,646,672]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
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,
<date id="FFB21031A86EFFE90EF611E3FC8F9195" box="[731,878,933,961]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1985-05-04">
<collectingDate id="EFF6E9D9A86EFFE90EF611E3FC8F9195" box="[731,878,933,961]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1985-05-04">May 4, 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="524D4EE6A86EFFE90F5711E3FBE49194" box="[890,1029,934,961]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">ex light trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="26F95327A86EFFE9083C11E2FB7B9195" box="[1041,1178,934,960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P.A. Stansly</collectorName>
(3
<collectionCode id="ED1DAE34A86EFFE908EC11E2FAF69195" box="[1217,1303,934,960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">TAMU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B643CACA86EFFE9090411E1FAB191B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2521263858" collectingDate="1987-06-01" collectingDateMax="1987-06-14" collectingDateMin="1987-06-01" collectionCode="CMN" collectorName="S &amp; J Peck" country="Venezuela" elevation="620" location="El Lucero" municipality="Guatopo" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Miranda">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE9090411E1FA7D9195" bold="true" box="[1321,1436,933,960]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingRegion id="49C8F813A86EFFE9090411E1FA769195" box="[1321,1431,933,960]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Miranda</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD7AC8BA86EFFE90CBA118EFF1691B1" box="[151,247,970,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Guatopo</collectingMunicipality>
NP,
<location id="8ED3602AA86EFFE90D00118EFE7E91B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587E7A86EFFEA0CBA13D1FAC493DE:8ED3602AA86EFFE90D00118EFE7E91B0" box="[301,415,970,997]" country="Venezuela" municipality="Guatopo" name="El Lucero" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Miranda">El Lucero</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A012FD3A86EFFE90D87118EFD6291B1" box="[426,643,970,997]" location="Altagracia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE90D87118EFE0B91B1" box="[426,490,970,996]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="km" value="28.0">28km</quantity>
N Altagracia
</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE90EA3118EFD3191B1" box="[654,720,970,996]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="620.0">
<elevation id="0021D1C2A86EFFE90EA3118EFD3191B1" box="[654,720,970,996]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="620.0">620m</elevation>
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,
<date id="FFB21031A86EFFE90EF6118EFC9B91B1" box="[731,890,970,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-06-01" valueMax="1987-06-14" valueMin="1987-06-01">
<collectingDate id="EFF6E9D9A86EFFE90EF6118EFC9B91B1" box="[731,890,970,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1987-06-01" valueMax="1987-06-14" valueMin="1987-06-01">1–14.VI.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26F95327A86EFFE90FA8118EFC1491B1" box="[901,1013,970,996]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S&amp;J Peck</collectorName>
,
<collectingMethod id="524D4EE6A86EFFE9082C118FFB7791B0" box="[1025,1174,970,997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">UV light trap</collectingMethod>
87-17 (1
<collectionCode id="ED1DAE34A86EFFE9092E118EFAA991B1" box="[1283,1352,970,996]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34935" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34935" name="Canadian Museum of Nature" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">CMN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA11A9FB4B9620" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CEA11A9FE30965D" bold="true" box="[199,465,1005,1032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Differential Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Among Venezuelan species, recognized by the combination of large size (ca.
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE9090111A9FF269678" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.85" metricValueMin="3.85" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.85" valueMin="3.85">3.85–4.85 mm</quantity>
), the very coarsely densely punctate dorsum, the comparatively small pronotum, and the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE909491656FF5D9605" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1749,1774]" captionTargetBox="[227,1390,212,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,181,1724]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 4A–B. Male genitalia characters of (A) H. pseudosecretus Oliva (ventral); (B) H. sagittarius n. sp. (ventral; diagrammatical, showing locations of muscles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587189/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90CE41672FF099605" box="[201,232,1078,1104]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</figureCitation>
; described below). The habitus is most similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86EFFE90F421673FBA99605" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[879,1096,1078,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90F421673FC0F9605" box="[879,1006,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. secretus</emphasis>
Knisch
</taxonomicName>
, which is not yet known from
<collectingCountry id="F31B7661A86EFFE90CBA161EFEEF9621" box="[151,270,1114,1140]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
; compare habitus with figures of the
<typeStatus id="54B78853A86EFFE90E80161EFCF59621" box="[685,788,1114,1140]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of that species in Perkins (in press).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA86EFFE90CEA1639FCD19511" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA1639FC8A9719" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CEA1639FEBA96CD" bold="true" box="[199,347,1149,1176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description:</emphasis>
Habitus as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90E72163AFD5296CD" box="[607,691,1150,1176]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Size of illustrated male (length/width, mm): body (length to elytral apices) 4.48 /2.83; head width 1.09; pronotum l/w 1.00 /0.96; PA 0.91; PB 0.74; elytra 2.83 /1.70. Large (ca.
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE90CBA1681FEDF96B4" box="[151,318,1221,1249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.85" metricValueMin="3.85" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.85" valueMin="3.85">3.85–4.85 mm</quantity>
, Venezuelan specimens), elongate, last third of elytra abruptly narrowed. Dorsum grey, rarely dull gold, iridescent, with a few small black spots on elytra. Legs dark brown with darker tibiofemoral joints. Pronotum very coarsely and densely punctate. Elytra striae with coarse punctures, round to polygonal. Interstriae narrower than striae. Callus on 5
<superScript id="7C799BB9A86EFFE90DB41775FE47976A" attach="left" box="[409,422,1329,1343]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">th</superScript>
interstria small but very strongly raised.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA1713FD7F97ED" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pronotum narrowed at base; sides weakly sinuate, smooth (coarse punctures giving an appearance of crenulation), with minute granules smaller than ommatidia; punctures on pronotum very coarse (3–4 times the size of ommatidia), dense; disk raised; depressions deep.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA1786FA69941D" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Elytra with strial punctures several times larger than those on pronotum; interstriae narrower than striae, with indistinct minute granules smaller than ommatidia; apices rounded and broadened, forming an outward angle, having a very finely granulated apical area, otherwise smooth, in which there is a single coarse puncture beyond the last puncture of 2
<superScript id="7C799BB9A86EFFE90D011469FEDD946E" attach="left" box="[300,316,1581,1595]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">nd</superScript>
stria. Females and males approximately the same size, without differentiating external characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CBA1416FB2E9439" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" box="[151,1231,1618,1645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ventral characters: Mentum coarsely punctate, with median fovea. Submentum with two foveae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA1432FE8794A9" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90D571432FE3E94C5" box="[378,479,1654,1680]" captionStart="FIGURES 4" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1749,1774]" captionTargetBox="[227,1390,212,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,181,1724]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 4A–B. Male genitalia characters of (A) H. pseudosecretus Oliva (ventral); (B) H. sagittarius n. sp. (ventral; diagrammatical, showing locations of muscles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587189/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90DC11432FDE894C5" box="[492,521,1654,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</figureCitation>
) general characters: paramere tips widened apically, with distal margin truncate; parameres basally fused, in both dorsal and ventral views; aedeagus lacking transition lines and lacking adbl, lateral margins very narrowly sclerotized; basal piece arcuate in lateral view, orifice large, with apicoventral process arcuate toward dorsad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA1542FCCB9575" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" box="[199,810,1798,1825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Dorsal surface: pdmm very narrowly overlapping alm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFE90CEA156EFCD19511" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" box="[199,816,1834,1861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ventral surface: pvmm very narrowly overlapping alm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA86EFFEA0CEA150AFAC493DE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86EFFEA0CEA150AFB13934A" blockId="13.[151,1437,645,2041]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,153,395]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86EFFE90CEA150AFEDA953D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1870,1896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
Unfortunately, the drawing of the habitus in
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86EFFE90F17150AFC2A953C" author="Oliva, A." box="[826,971,1870,1897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="301 - 341" refId="ref30673" refString="Oliva, A. (1996) The genus Hydrochus Leach (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea: Hydrochidae) in South America, with special reference to Argentina. Bulletin et annales de la Societe royale belge d'entomologie, 132, 301 - 341." type="journal article" year="1996">Oliva (1996)</bibRefCitation>
is very inaccurate with regard to proportions. The pronotum in the illustration, compared to the elytra, is much larger than that of all specimens examined in this study. There are other misleading inaccuracies, especially width of the base of the pronotum compared to the head width, hw/pb is
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE90DAE15FEFE319581" box="[387,464,1978,2004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2766" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.29">1.29 in</quantity>
the illustration,
<quantity id="4CF49B14A86EFFE90EA915FEFD309581" box="[644,721,1978,2004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7338" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.47">1.47 in</quantity>
the imaged specimen (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86EFFE90FFD15FEFBC39581" box="[976,1058,1978,2004]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Also, the male genitalia drawing of
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86EFFE90C98159AFEA595AC" author="Oliva, A." box="[181,324,2014,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="301 - 341" refId="ref30673" refString="Oliva, A. (1996) The genus Hydrochus Leach (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea: Hydrochidae) in South America, with special reference to Argentina. Bulletin et annales de la Societe royale belge d'entomologie, 132, 301 - 341." type="journal article" year="1996">Oliva (1996)</bibRefCitation>
is overly simplified, and is inaccurate in, especially, the shape of the aedeagus. In stark contrast, the description of external characters by Oliva is very thorough. I have not seen the
<typeStatus id="54B78853A86DFFEA083712DDFB6192E6" box="[1050,1152,153,179]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: several messages sent to MACN collections personnel requesting to borrow the
<typeStatus id="54B78853A86DFFEA0F2812F9FC869282" box="[773,871,189,215]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but no response was received. A. Oliva no longer works at the MACN, and therefore was unable to help. My concept is based on two
<typeStatus id="54B78853A86DFFEA086812A5FB5292AE" box="[1093,1203,225,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, including one male, in the NMNH collection. The specimen imaged (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A86DFFEA0E961341FCED934A" box="[699,780,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1760,1785]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,226,1712]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1435,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hydrochus pseudosecretus Oliva, habitus and male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587201/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) was collected at locality VZ09-0112-01A.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A86DFFEA0CEA136EFAC493DE" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,395]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86DFFEA0CEA136EFE3B9316" authority="Oliva" authorityName="Oliva" authorityYear="1996" box="[199,474,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosecretus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86DFFEA0CEA136EFE759316" box="[199,404,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. pseudosecretus</emphasis>
Oliva
</taxonomicName>
is hereby reinstituted as a valid species.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86DFFEA0F87136DFBB99316" author="Makhan, D." box="[938,1112,297,323]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="139 - 150" refId="ref30397" refString="Makhan, D. (1998) Three new genera and two new species of Hydrochidae from different parts of the World (Coleoptera). Annales historico-naturales musei nationalis hungarici, 90, 139 - 150." type="journal article" year="1998">Makhan (1998)</bibRefCitation>
incomprehensibly placed
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86DFFEA09AC136EFEA09332" authorityName="Oliva" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosecretus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86DFFEA09AC136EFEA09332" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. pseudosecretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86DFFEA0E70130AFCAE9332" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[605,847,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86DFFEA0E70130AFD129332" box="[605,755,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. purpureus</emphasis>
Knisch
</taxonomicName>
, as the two species are markedly dissimilar in both habitus and male genitalia. Refer also to
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A86DFFEA0E4D1335FCE793DE" author="Perkins, P. D." box="[608,774,369,395]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="149 - 167" refId="ref30761" refString="Perkins, P. D. (2019) Type designations for Neotropical water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817 (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae). Zo otaxa, 47 01 (2), 149 - 167. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4701.6.7" type="journal article" year="2019">Perkins (2019)</bibRefCitation>
on the identity of
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A86DFFEA0FF91335FAC493DE" authority="Knisch." authorityName="Knisch." box="[980,1317,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A86DFFEA0FF91335FB2693DE" box="[980,1223,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hydrochus purpureus</emphasis>
Knisch.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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