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<document id="977982B66A90748491BAFBF7EC94C643" ID-CLB-Dataset="24540" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4708.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="653d580d-e1c7-499c-8604-4b5a7b1920ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3587181" ID-ZooBank="09F24F0B-5090-4089-A525-8E5150C91EF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1576825058981" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perkins, Philip D." docDate="2019" docId="03A587E7A857FFD20CBA17BEFC9790A6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4708.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4708 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hydrochus purpureus Knisch" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FF9CFF9FA863FFE40C2D1244FFE19255" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Venezuelan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817, and an analysis of male genitalia morphology (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae)" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698775642300" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1969D2253BCC94C2897AB04075129413">Taxonomy of Venezuelan water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817, and an analysis of male genitalia morphology (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A587E7A857FFD20CBA17BEFC9790A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5941815" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160798412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5941815" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587E7A857FFD20CBA17BEFC9790A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587E7A857FFD20CBA17BEFC9790A6" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<subSubSection id="C316657AA857FFD00CBA17BEFDE09440" box="[151,513,1530,1557]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A857FFD00CBA17BEFDE09440" blockId="52.[151,513,1530,1593]" box="[151,513,1530,1557]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00CBA17BEFDE09440" ID-CoL="6MJWR" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[151,513,1530,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00CBA17BEFDE09440" bold="true" box="[151,513,1530,1557]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00CBA17BEFE439440" bold="true" box="[151,418,1530,1557]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Hydrochus purpureus</emphasis>
Knisch
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA857FFD00CBA145BFEEC946C" box="[151,269,1567,1593]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A857FFD00CBA145BFEEC946C" blockId="52.[151,513,1530,1593]" box="[151,269,1567,1593]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<figureCitation id="13372A74A857FFD00CBA145BFF02946C" box="[151,227,1567,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[156,1422,330,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,306,1866]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Hydrochus species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587183/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13372A74A857FFD00CDC145BFEEC946C" box="[241,269,1567,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1762,1787]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,216,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[171,1417,181,1736]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydrochus purpureus Knisch, habitus and male genitalia of non-type." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587243/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">30</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA857FFD00CBA141AFDCC9423" box="[151,557,1629,1654]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A857FFD00CBA141AFDCC9423" blockId="52.[151,557,1629,1654]" box="[151,557,1629,1654]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1C11DFA857FFD00CBA141AFDCC9423" box="[151,557,1629,1654]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00CBA141AFDCC9423" authority="Knisch 1920: 57" authorityName="Knisch" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,557,1629,1654]" class="Aves" family="Apodidae" genus="Hydrochous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00CBA141AFE9E9420" box="[151,383,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Hydrochous purpureus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AAD10E0A857FFD00DAB1419FDCC9423" author="Knisch, A." box="[390,557,1629,1654]" page="57" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9D4B00A857FFD00DAB1419FDCC9423" author="Knisch, A." box="[390,557,1629,1654]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="55 - 89" refId="ref30118" refString="Knisch, A. (1920) Die exotischen Hydrophiliden des Deutschen Entomologischen Museum (Col.). Archiv fur Naturegeschichte, 85 A, 55 - 89." type="journal article" year="1920">Knisch 1920: 57</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA857FFD00CBA14DAFC9595A8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A857FFD00CBA14DAFA9294EC" blockId="52.[151,1437,1694,2045]" box="[151,1395,1694,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00CBA14DAFE6294EC" bold="true" box="[151,387,1694,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B643CACA857FFD00DA414DBFA8E94EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2521263687" box="[393,1391,1694,1721]" collectingDate="1982-11-01" collectionCode="NMNH" collectorName="John L. Hellman" country="Venezuela" location="Bolivar" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00DA414DBFDEA94EC" bold="true" box="[393,523,1695,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<collectingCountry id="F31B7661A857FFD00DA414DBFDE794EC" box="[393,518,1695,1721]" name="Venezuela" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49C8F813A857FFD00E3114DBFD9694EC" box="[540,631,1695,1721]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bolivar</collectingRegion>
: El Dorado (
<quantity id="4CF49B14A857FFD00F2914DAFCAD94EC" box="[772,844,1694,1721]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
S),
<date id="FFB21031A857FFD00F5714DBFBE794EC" box="[890,1030,1695,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1982-11-01">
<collectingDate id="EFF6E9D9A857FFD00F5714DBFBE794EC" box="[890,1030,1695,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1982-11-01">1 Nov. 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26F95327A857FFD0083C14DBFB2E94EC" box="[1041,1231,1695,1721]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">John L. Hellman</collectorName>
” (46
<collectionCode id="ED1DAE34A857FFD0092014DBFA8994EC" box="[1293,1384,1695,1721]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A857FFD00CEA1486FC9595A8" blockId="52.[151,1437,1694,2045]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00CEA1486FE329488" bold="true" box="[199,467,1730,1757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Differential Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Among Venezuelan species, differentiated from all, except other members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD0095C1487FF2B9554" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD0095C1487FF2B9554" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00D0B14ACFE7E9554" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,415,1767,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00D0B14ACFE7E9554" box="[294,415,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00DF514ACFD959554" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" box="[472,628,1768,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjunctus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00DF514ACFD959554" box="[472,628,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. conjunctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), by the deep cervical groove behind the eyes.
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD008A214ACFAC49554" authorityName="Knisch" authorityYear="1920" box="[1167,1317,1768,1793]" class="Aves" family="Apodidae" genus="Hydrochous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD008A214ACFAC49554" box="[1167,1317,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. purpureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly larger than the other two species (ca. 3.50 vs. 3.33 and
<quantity id="4CF49B14A857FFD00F37154FFC659570" box="[794,900,1803,1829]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.44" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.44">3.44 mm</quantity>
), and the pronotum has shallower depressions, lower reliefs, and generally more uniformly spaced punctation. Reliable determinations of members of these three species will require dissection of males. Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00F041510FC5C9538" authorityName="Knisch" authorityYear="1920" box="[809,957,1876,1901]" class="Aves" family="Apodidae" genus="Hydrochous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodiformes" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00F041510FC5C9538" box="[809,957,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. purpureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13372A74A857FFD00FE01517FBFE9538" box="[973,1055,1875,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1762,1787]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,216,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[171,1417,181,1736]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydrochus purpureus Knisch, habitus and male genitalia of non-type." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587243/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) are described below; among differences from the other two species compared, the male genitalia have the aedeagus markedly tapering distally, and the greatest width of the aedeagus is proximal to midlength; the aedeagus always has an internal sclerotization that is slightly arcuate, in dorsal view going from the left side to the right side of the aedeagus. The internal sclerotizations of
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00C9B15A0FECF95A8" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" box="[182,302,2019,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00C9B15A0FECF95A8" box="[182,302,2019,2045]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A857FFD00D4915A0FE1E95A8" authorityName="Perkins" authorityYear="2019" box="[356,511,2020,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjunctus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A857FFD00D4915A0FE1E95A8" box="[356,511,2020,2045]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">H. conjunctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are midlongitudinal, not arcuate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF736679A856FFD10CBA14A6FC0894AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3587243" box="[151,1001,1762,1787]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587243/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,250,1762,1787]" targetBox="[188,1398,216,1710]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A856FFD10CBA14A6FC0894AE" blockId="53.[151,1001,1762,1787]" box="[151,1001,1762,1787]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A856FFD10CBA14A6FEC194AE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1762,1787]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D72A856FFD10D0B14A7FDB394AE" authority="Knisch" authorityName="Knisch" box="[294,594,1762,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrochidae" genus="Hydrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A856FFD10D0B14A7FDE394AF" box="[294,514,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hydrochus purpureus</emphasis>
Knisch
</taxonomicName>
, habitus and male genitalia of non-type.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C316657AA856FFD20CEA156CFC9790A6" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A856FFD10CEA156CFF1F95A2" blockId="53.[151,1437,1832,2039]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B978EAE3A856FFD10CEA156CFEB09516" bold="true" box="[199,337,1832,1859]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Description</emphasis>
. Habitus as illustrated (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A856FFD10E74156DFD4C9516" box="[601,685,1833,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1762,1787]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,216,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[171,1417,181,1736]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydrochus purpureus Knisch, habitus and male genitalia of non-type." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587243/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
). Size:
<typeStatus id="54B78853A856FFD10ED3156DFC819516" box="[766,864,1833,1859]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(length/width, mm): body (length to elytral apices) 3.50/1.30; head width 0.85; pronotum l/w 0.83/0.75; PA 0.75; PB 0.63; elytra 2.13/1.30. Body size moderate (ca.
<quantity id="4CF49B14A856FFD10CBA1535FEDF95DE" box="[151,318,1905,1931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.23" metricValueMax="3.77" metricValueMin="2.69" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="3.23" valueMax="3.77" valueMin="2.69">2.693.77 mm</quantity>
). Dorsum grey, with slight iridescence, elytra with black spots. Legs testaceous to brown, with tibiofemoral joints darker. Punctation on elytra ca.
<date id="FFB21031A856FFD10EB715D1FD5495FA" box="[666,693,1941,1967]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">2x</date>
that of pronotum. Elytra interstriae ca.
<date id="FFB21031A856FFD1084115D1FB6695FA" box="[1132,1159,1941,1967]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">2x</date>
strial puncture diameter. Interstria 9
<superScript id="7C799BB9A856FFD10D3915FCFEC09593" attach="left" box="[276,289,1976,1990]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">th</superScript>
more convex than others, overhanging 10
<superScript id="7C799BB9A856FFD10F2415FCFCF79593" attach="left" box="[777,790,1976,1990]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">th</superScript>
interstria. Usual area of callus on 5
<superScript id="7C799BB9A856FFD1089A15FCFB259593" attach="left" box="[1207,1220,1976,1990]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">th</superScript>
well raised, rather elongate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA12DDFC369282" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Head with deep curving cervical groove from side to side behind eyes, groove punctate, cervical area behind groove impunctate, shining, with low, closely set longitudinal raised lines.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA12A5FC969316" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Pronotum longer than wide (as ca. 83/75), widest at anterior margin, narrowed at base, sides slightly sinuate, smooth; anterior margin markedly arcuate, fitting into cervical groove; depressions shallow, if present, only slightly more densely punctate than very low reliefs between depressions.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA1309FAA393DE" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Elytra with spaces between strial punctures ca. 0.5
<date id="FFB21031A855FFD20F221308FCC69332" box="[783,807,332,359]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1x</date>
their diameter; apices rather sharply conjointly rounded in dorsal view, in lateral view outer margin with distinct angulation, impunctate area of apices rather large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA13D1FCFE9386" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ventral characters: Mentum densely, moderately coarsely punctate, with shallow median fovea. Submentum with two deep foveae, posterior margin markedly arcuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA1399FBFA90FE" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13372A74A855FFD20D5B1399FE2793A2" box="[374,454,477,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1762,1787]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,216,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[171,1417,181,1736]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 30. Hydrochus purpureus Knisch, habitus and male genitalia of non-type." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3587243/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) general characters: genitalia moderately slender; parameres expanded laterally apically in dorsal/ventral views, tips wider in dorsal/ventral views than lateral view, extending very slightly beyond distal end of aedeagus; basal piece shorter than parameres, lateral margins very slightly rounded, almost parallel, orifice strongly sclerotized, in lateral view hooking toward dorsad; aedeagus lanceolate, in lateral view much wider than parameres, lateral margins narrowly sclerotized, greatest width slightly before midlength, tapering apically, with slightly arcuate internal sclerotization, especially visible in dorsal/ventral views.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA10F1FC53909A" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" box="[199,946,693,719]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dorsal surface: adtl lacking; pdmm approximating alm; adbl large.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336F1A855FFD20CEA109DFC9790A6" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,755]" box="[199,886,729,755]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ventral surface: pvmm basally very slightly overlapping alm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>