236 lines
24 KiB
XML
236 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFE06A58FA87935B1B5EB8FD" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Vespertilio sinensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="786" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="785" updateTime="1662483414275" updateUser="felipe">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place>
|
||
<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>716</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>981</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403420" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403420" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFE06A58FA87935B1B5EB8FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFE06A58FA87935B1B5EB8FD" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="786" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1403,1461,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1402,2499,1282,1372]" box="[1403,1461,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<heading box="[1403,1461,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1403,1461,1282,1328]" captionStart="Plate 57: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="27.[123,155,3200,3221]" captionTargetBox="[12,2751,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="49. Eurasian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio murinus), 50. Asian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio sinensis), 51. Pygmy Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pygmaea), 52. Indomalayan Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris fulvida), 53. Sunda Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pachypus), 54. Tonkin Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris tonkinensis), 55. Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris malayana), 56. Sumatran Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris robustula), 57. Yok Don Helmeted Bat (Cassistrellus yokdonensis), 58. Surat Helmeted Bat (Cassustrellus dimissus), 59. Rohu’s Bat (Phuletor brachypterus), 60. Western False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus mackenziei), 61. Eastern False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus tasmaniensis), 62. Yellow-lipped Cave Bat (Vespadelus douglasorum), 63. Northern Cave Bat (Vespadelus caurinus), 64. Finlayson’s Cave Bat (Vespadelus finlaysoni), 65. Eastern Cave Bat (Vespadelus troughtoni), 66. Inland Forest Bat (Vespadelus baverstocki), 67. Eastern Forest Bat (Vespadelus pumilus), 68. Little Forest Bat (Vespadelus vulturnus), 69. Large Forest Bat (Vespadelus darlingtoni), 70. Southern Forest Bat (Vespadelus regulus), 71. Large-eared Pied Bat (Chalinolobus dwyeri), 72. Little Pied Bat (Chalinolobus picatus), 73. Hoary Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus nigrogriseus), 74. Gould’s Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii), 75. New Caledonian Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus neocaledonicus), 76. Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio), 77. New Zealand Long-tailed Bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398506/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">50.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1475,1946,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1402,2499,1282,1372]" box="[1475,1946,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<heading box="[1475,1946,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1475,1946,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Asian Particolored Bat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[2016,2340,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1402,2499,1282,1372]" box="[2016,2340,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<heading box="[2016,2340,1282,1328]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[2016,2340,1282,1328]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[2016,2340,1282,1328]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Vespertilio sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[1403,2498,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1402,2499,1282,1372]" box="[1403,2498,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<heading box="[1403,2498,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1403,1479,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1485,1682,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Vespertilion oriental</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1703,1794,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[1802,2111,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Asiatische Zweifarbfledermaus</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2131,2223,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName box="[2233,2343,1346,1367]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Murciélago</vernacularName>
|
||
bicolor asiatico
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[2015,2605,1417,1446]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[2014,2609,1417,1840]" box="[2015,2605,1417,1446]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[2015,2170,1417,1446]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Peters, 1880" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1880" box="[2192,2600,1417,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">Vesperus sinensis Peters, 1880</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[2016,2267,1452,1485]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[2014,2609,1417,1840]" box="[2016,2267,1452,1485]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319770" box="[2016,2267,1452,1485]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[2029,2125,1452,1485]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Peking</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2147,2237,1452,1485]" name="China" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
).”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[2014,2609,1417,1840]" lastBlockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
In the past this species was referred to as V. superans, but in 1997 I. Horac¢ek showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1880" box="[2082,2180,1570,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Vesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the oldest name available for this species. Several other named taxa (V. auryunctus,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1906" box="[2236,2397,1649,1682]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">V. montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and V. motoyoshit) are also considered synonyms. Five subspecies have been suggested (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1880" box="[2499,2600,1728,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Vesperus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, anderssoni, namaiyei,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" box="[2291,2385,1772,1801]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noctula">noctula</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and orientalis), but subspecific taxonomy requires reassessment. Monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397876/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" targetBox="[1399,1991,1426,1841]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1401,1577,1890,1919]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
S Siberia and S Russian Far East, E
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2095,2231,1890,1919]" name="Mongolia" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Korean Peninsula,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2513,2600,1890,1919]" name="Japan" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, C & E
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1494,1580,1929,1958]" name="China" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1658,1756,1929,1958]" name="Taiwan" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1401,1655,1969,1998]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 58-80 mm, tail 34-54 mm, ear 14-51 mm, hindfoot 9-16 mm, forearm 43-55 mm; weight 14-30 g. Dorsal fur is dark brownwith silvery frosted tips; ventral pelage is yellowish white with dull brown hairs mixed throughout, giving brindled or wavy pattern. Juveniles are darker and less frosted, being brown to reddish brown in color with yellowish-tipped hairs.. Skin, when visible, is dark or blackish. Wings are dark brown and narrow, and uropatagium encloses the whole tail except last vertebra, which protrudes. Broad, robust muzzle has large lateral glands, more visible in males. Skull is dorsally flattened, with braincase ¢.8:
|
||
<quantity box="[2285,2373,2241,2274]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Mandible is massive, condyle-basal length ¢.16:
|
||
<quantity box="[1922,2008,2280,2313]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
and zygomatic length c.
|
||
<quantity box="[2358,2463,2280,2313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Chromosomal complement typically has 2n = 38 and FNa = 50, with one specimen in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2521,2605,2320,2353]" name="Japan" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
with FNa = 54.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1401,1512,2398,2431]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Steppe habitats in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1789,1925,2398,2431]" name="Mongolia" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as well as mountains, semi-deserts, and deserts, sometimes close to water, e.g. lakes and rivers throughout the species’ distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1401,1667,2477,2510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Asian Particolored Bat feeds over water—e.g. swamps.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1531,1639,2517,2550]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1721,1878,2517,2550]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
are main food items, with proportions varying seasonally. Large insect species may be preferred, but diet always is strongly influenced by relative insect abundance locally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1400,1535,2635,2668]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Maternity colonies have been found with tens to thousands of individuals roosting in buildings. Adult females give birth to average two young during late June and early July. Adult females and their offspring roost together from May to August to retain the necessary warmth during the maternity period. In the past, the Asian Particolored Bat probably used natural cavities such as hollow trees or crevices for maternity colonies, but due to increasing deforestation and subsequent drastic decrease in roost availability they are currently more and more found on man-made structures in urban environments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="786" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[1398,2608,1846,3102]" lastBlockId="28.[168,1376,271,978]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="786" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1627,2951,2984]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Unlikeits sibling species, the Eurasian Particolored Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murinus">Vespertilio murinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the Asian Particolored Bat tends to start foraging early at night, hunting insects in open areas. It roosts in hollow trees, buildings, and caves along the coast, and also within foliage. InJapan, it has also occupied some wood and laminar bat boxes, although never to date in the form of a maternity colony (mainly during the postlactating period). In general roost preferences change with season and internal temperature in the cavities. The species emits typical broadband modulated calls, highly plastic depending on the environment and clutter within the nearby vegetation. Typical echolocation pulses are FM/QCEF, with peak frequency at ¢.30-8 kHz, maximum frequency at ¢.46 kHz, minimum frequency at 22-8 kHz, and bandwidth at 23-2 kHz. In most areas, it is difficult to distinguish from other sympatric vespertilionids by means only of acoustic testing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398506" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398506/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" startId="27.[123,155,3200,3221]" targetBox="[12,2751,19,3659]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[123,2597,3200,3462]" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">
|
||
On following pages 51 Pygmy Bamboo Bat (Tylonyctens pygmaea). 52 Indoma ayan Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycreııs fu/vrda). 53 Sunda Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycrers
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[2008,2109,3203,3226]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachypus">pachypus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) 54 Tonkm Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycrerıs ronk nensrs) 55 Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat (Ty onyctens
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chasen" authorityYear="1940" box="[929,1030,3241,3264]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Tylonycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayana">malayana</taxonomicName>
|
||
) 56 Sumatran Greater Bamboo Bat (Tyloııycrerıs
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1584,1664,3241,3261]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">robusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
/a) 57 Yok Don He meted Bat (Cass srre us yokdonens s) 58
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2353,2410,3241,3262]" name="India" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">Surat</collectingCountry>
|
||
He meted Bat (Cassısrrel us
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[322,418,3280,3300]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cassustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimissus">dımıssus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 59 Rohu s Bat (Phıleror brachyptems). 60 Western False Prp strelle (Fels srrellus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kitchener, Caputi & B. Jones" authorityYear="1986" box="[1333,1454,3281,3300]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Falsistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mackenziei">mackenzıeı</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 61 Eastern False P pıstrelle (Fa s stre us rasmanıens s) 62 Ye ow-I pped Cave Bat (Vespade us
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[124,267,3320,3344]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespadelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="douglasorum">douglasorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
). 63 Northern Cave Bat (Vespade us caunnus). 64 Fmleysons Cave Bat (Vaspadelus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kitchener, B. Jones & Caputi" authorityYear="1987" box="[1205,1305,3320,3344]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="finlaysoni">fınlaysonı</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 65 Eastern Cave Bat (Vespade us rroughtonı) 66 In and Forest Bat (Vespade us bavsrstodrı) 67 Eastern Forest Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[133,349,3359,3382]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespadelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilus">Vespadelus pumılus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 68 Lıttle Forest Bat (Vespade/us vu/turnus) 69 Large Forest Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Troughton" authorityYear="1943" box="[1096,1218,3359,3383]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespadelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Vespadelus</taxonomicName>
|
||
der! ngtonı), 70 Southern Forest Bat (Vespade us ragu us) 71 Large-eared P ed Bet (Cha noobus dwyerr) 72 L tt e Pıed Bat (Cha/ınolobus pıcarus). 73 Hoary Wettled Bet (Che/rnolobus rııgrogrısaus), 74 Gould's Wattled Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1841" box="[1206,1424,3399,3423]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Chalinolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gouldii">Chalınolobus gouldıı</taxonomicName>
|
||
). 75 New Caledonıan Wattled Bat (Chalıno/obus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Revilliod" authorityYear="1914" box="[1964,2132,3400,3419]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Chalinolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="785" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neocaledonicus">neocaledonıcus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) 76 Chocolate Wattled Bet (Chalnolobus morro), 77
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[245,388,3437,3457]" name="New Zealand" pageId="27" pageNumber="785">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
Long-taıled Bat (Chahnolobus ruberculetus)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="786" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[168,1376,271,978]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[169,867,547,580]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
After maternity period, all individuals tend to disperse and large colonies disperse. Males have been reported singing from buildings during the mating season several times all over
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1055,1141,626,659]" name="China" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="786" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[168,1376,271,978]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[169,521,665,698]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. In
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1281,1368,665,698]" name="Japan" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Asian Particolored Batis listed as vulnerable or data deficient. This species has a relatively large distribution. Its main threat is probably roost disturbance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="786" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[168,1376,271,978]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,320,792,817]" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Abe et al. (2005), Ando et al. (1977), Bannikov (1954), Chung Chul-Un & Han Sang-Hoon (2015),
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[171,224,831,856]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
& Agetsuma (2010),
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[464,518,831,856]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="28" pageNumber="786">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
et al. (2010), Gorobeyko & Kartavtseva (2018), Harada et al. (1987b), Horacek (1997), Jin Longru, Wang Jing et al. (2012), Obara & Saitoh (1977), Ono & Obara (1994), Ono & Yoshida (1997), Peters (1880), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Sokolov & Orlov (1980), Stubbe & Chotolchu (1968), Stubbe, Samiya et al. (2008), Vorontsov etal. (1969), Wallin (1969), Xu Chunzhu et al. (2016), Yoon Kwang-Bae, Lee Jin-Hong et al. (2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |