195 lines
16 KiB
XML
195 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="37" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="29" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFBB6A05FA5191B91A9AB889" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Neoromicia brunnea" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="823" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="822" updateTime="1658412944878" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6558727" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6558727" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFBB6A05FA5191B91A9AB889" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFBB6A05FA5191B91A9AB889" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="823" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<subSubSection box="[1453,1533,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1449,2460,2016,2141]" box="[1453,1533,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<heading box="[1453,1533,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<figureCitation box="[1453,1533,2016,2058]" captionStart="Plate 60: Vespe" captionStartId="61.[119,149,3300,3325]" captionTargetBox="[12,2753,18,3658]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="118. Cape Serotine (Neoromicia capensis), 119. Malagasy Serotine (Neoromicia matroka), 120. Isalo Serotine (Neoromicia malagasyensis), 121. Roberts’s Serotine (Neoromicia robertsi), 122. Stanley’s Serotine (Neoromicia stanleyi), 123. Zulu Serotine (Neoromicia zuluensis), 124. Tiny Serotine (Neoromicia guineensis), 125. Somali Serotine (Neoromicia somalica), 126. Banana Serotine (Neoromicia nanus), 127. Rendall’s Serotine (Neoromicia rendalli), 128. Dark-brown Serotine (Neoromicia brunnea), 129. Rosevear’s Serotine (Neoromicia roseveari), 130. Isabelline Serotine (Neoromicia isabella), 131. Grandidier’s Serotine (Neoromicia grandidieri), 132. White-winged Serotine (Neoromicia tenuipinnis), 133. Heller’s Serotine (Neoromicia helios), 134. De Winton’s LLong-eared Bat (Laephotis wintoni), 135. Angolan Long-eared Bat (Laephotis angolensis), 136. Botswanan Long-eared Bat (Laephotis botswanae), 137. Namib Long-eared Bat (Laephotis namibensis), 138. Sind Bat (Rhyneptesicus nasutus), 139. Collared Sprite (Thainycteris aureocollaris), 140. Necklace Sprite (Thainycleris torquatus), 141. Bronze Sprite (Arielulus circumdatus), 142. Social Sprite (Arelulus societatis), 143. Coppery Sprite (Arielulus cuprosus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398519/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">128.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1550,1985,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1449,2460,2016,2141]" box="[1550,1985,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<heading box="[1550,1985,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<vernacularName box="[1550,1985,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Dark-brown Serotine</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2057,2419,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1449,2460,2016,2141]" box="[2057,2419,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<heading box="[2057,2419,2016,2058]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[2057,2419,2016,2058]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Neoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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<emphasis box="[2057,2419,2016,2058]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Neoromicia brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1449,2460,2016,2141]" box="[1451,2459,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<heading box="[1451,2459,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1451,1526,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1532,1709,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Vespére brun-noir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1730,1820,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1830,2151,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Dunkelbraune Zwergfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2172,2263,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2273,2459,2075,2096]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Neoromicia oscura</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1449,2460,2016,2141]" box="[1450,2428,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<heading box="[1450,2428,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1450,1697,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1707,1918,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Brown Pipistrelle Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1932,2153,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Dark-brown Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[2167,2428,2115,2136]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Dark-brown Pipistrelle Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[2062,2657,2180,2608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2062,2218,2180,2213]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1880" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1880" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vesperugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunneus" subGenus="Vesperus">Vesperugo (Vesperus) brunneus Thomas, 1880</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[2062,2657,2180,2608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319634" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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Calabar, south-eastern
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<collectingCountry name="Nigeria" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[2062,2657,2180,2608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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Placed in
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<taxonomicName box="[2220,2409,2298,2331]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nycterikaupius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Nycterikaupius</taxonomicName>
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by H. Menu in 1987.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[2149,2405,2338,2371]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Neoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunnea">Neoromicia brunnea</taxonomicName>
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has been suggested to be close to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[2311,2451,2377,2410]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Neoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rendalli">N. rendalli</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[2525,2649,2377,2410]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Neoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">N. nanus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398041" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398041/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" targetBox="[1449,2039,2197,2610]" targetPageId="64">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[2062,2657,2180,2608]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2063,2239,2456,2489]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[2256,2441,2456,2489]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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E to
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<collectingCountry name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[2062,2657,2180,2608]" lastBlockId="64.[1453,2659,2623,3478]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2064,2342,2535,2568]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body c.43-48 mm, tail 33-46 mm, ear 9-15 mm, hindfoot 7-9-5 mm, forearm 33-38 mm; weight 4-9 g. Pelage of the Dark-brown Serotine is dense and soft; dorsally varies from medium brown and reddish brown to dark chocolate-brown, with unicolored hairs; ventral pelage is shorter and paler, with hairs blackish brown and tips pale grayish brown or medium brown. Wings are blackish brown, without white hind border. Ears are blackish, and subtriangular, with rounded tips; tragus is ¢.40% of ear length, with anterior margin short and straight, and posterior margin with a sharp angle giving a diagonally truncated appearance. Thumb is comparatively long and slender for a pipistrelle-like bat. Buccal glands are sometimes prominent. Baculum has basal lobes broadest near shaft base in lateral view, tapering to rounded end, and flattened at bottom, giving them a shoe-like appearance. Skull is large and robust (greatest skull lengths 13-14-1 mm); profile of forehead region is weakly concave; sagittal and lambdoidal crests are very weakly developed; and occipital helmetis absent. I? is unicuspid, without accessory cusp at posterior base of tooth; I’ is about one-quarter to one-third height of I*; P* is absent; lower molars are myotodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 36 and FNa = 50.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="822" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="64.[1453,2659,2623,3478]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1454,1570,3207,3240]" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Almost exclusively undisturbed or slightly disturbed lowland rainforests. The Dark-brown Serotine is apparently among the most specialized rainforest vespertilionids. It occupies forested habitats at elevations of 400-520 m in the Mount Nimba area, and up to
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<quantity box="[1809,1914,3334,3359]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="64" pageNumber="822" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470 m</quantity>
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in
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<collectingCountry box="[1969,2126,3334,3359]" name="Cameroon" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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. In rainforest, it has been recorded mainly in evergreen and semideciduous lowland forms, but also in swamp forests and mangroves, as well as riverine forests within a rainforest-savanna mosaic, and a relict forest in the
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<collectingCountry box="[1730,1835,3449,3478]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="64" pageNumber="822">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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savanna.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[121,1237,295,324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" box="[121,1237,295,324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,382,295,324]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Dark-brown Serotine probably forages by slow hawking.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[121,255,335,364]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In Tai National Park,
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<collectingCountry box="[584,744,335,364]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, four of five males had scrotal testes between February and March, a female was pregnant in late September, one was lactating in late February, one was lactating in early March, and one was neither lactating nor pregnant in late August. In Banco National Park, south-eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[1021,1179,449,482]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, of two females one was pregnant, the other was neither lactating nor pregnant; two males had scrotal testes in mid-September. Near Fintonia, northern
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<collectingCountry box="[950,1136,532,561]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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, two females were lactating in late April. Littersize is one.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[118,592,605,638]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" box="[118,592,605,638]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,353,605,638]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[119,843,646,679]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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In a sample of eight individuals from Tai National Park, ratio of males to females was 1:1-7. In 15 museum specimens from West Africa, ratio was 1:1-5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[119,468,764,797]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. Populations seem to be in decline at a rate close to 30% over a ten-year period, due to widespread habitat loss through much ofits range.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="823" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="65.[118,1325,295,958]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,272,890,915]" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Fahr (2008c, 2013f), Hill & Harrison (1987), Hoofer &
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<collectingRegion box="[860,898,890,915]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="65" pageNumber="823">Van</collectingRegion>
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Den Bussche (2003), Koopman (1993, 1994), McBee et al. (1987), Menu (1987), Monadjem, Richards & Denys (2016), Simmons (2005).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |