237 lines
22 KiB
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237 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFA26A1EFA8D94BB1B47BA95" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Eptesicus hottentotus" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="848" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="847" updateTime="1662483414275" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6578107" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628444" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6578107" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFA26A1EFA8D94BB1B47BA95" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFA26A1EFA8D94BB1B47BA95" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<subSubSection box="[1393,1473,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="multiple">
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||
<paragraph blockId="89.[1388,2557,738,904]" box="[1393,1473,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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||
<heading box="[1393,1473,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<figureCitation box="[1393,1473,738,784]" captionStart="Plate 62: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="83.[123,153,3251,3276]" captionTargetBox="[12,2747,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="170. Humboldt’s Big-eared Brown Bat (Hustiotus humboldti), 171. Tropical Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus velatus), 172. Transparent-winged Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus diaphanopterus), 173. Strange Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus alienus), 174. Small Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus montanus), 175. Thomas’s Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus laephotis), 176. Common Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus macrotus), 177. Southern Big-eared Brown Bat (Histiotus magellanicus), 178. Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus), 179. Guadeloupe Serotine (Eptesicus guadeloupensis), 180. Diminutive Serotine (Eptesicus diminutus), 181. Little Black Serotine (Eptesicus andinus), 182. Chiriquinan Serotine (Eptesicus chiriquinus), 183. Argentine Serotine (Eptesicus furinalis), 184. Harmless Serotine (Eptesicus innoxius), 185. Brazilian Serotine (Eplesicus brasiliensis), 186. Taddei’s Serotine (Eptesicus taddeii), 187. Ulapes Serotine (Eptesicus ulapesensis), 188. Horn-skinned Serotine (Eptesicus floweri), 189. Lagos Serotine (Eptesicus platyops), 190. Long-tailed Serotine (Eptesicus hottentotus), 191. Ognev’s Serotine (Eptesicus ognevi), 192. Anatolian Serotine (Eptesicus anatolicus), 193. Botta’s Serotine (Eptesicus bottae), 194. Meridional Serotine (Eptesicus isabellinus), 195. Oriental Serotine (Eptesicus pachyomus), 196. Eurasian Serotine (Eplesicus serotinus), 197. Northern Serotine (Eptesicus nilssonii), 198. Sombre Serotine (Eptesicus tatei), 199. Gobi Serotine (Eptesicus gobiensis), 200. Japanese Serotine (Eptesicus japonensis), 201. Thick-eared Serotine (Eplesicus pachyotis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398523/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">190.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1490,1916,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1388,2557,738,904]" box="[1490,1916,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<heading box="[1490,1916,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<vernacularName box="[1490,1916,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Long-tailed Serotine</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1984,2356,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1388,2557,738,904]" box="[1984,2356,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<heading box="[1984,2356,738,784]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<taxonomicName authority="(A. Smith, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1984,2356,738,784]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hottentotus">
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<emphasis box="[1984,2356,738,784]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Eptesicus hottentotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1388,2557,738,904]" box="[1390,2490,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<heading box="[1390,2490,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1390,1465,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1474,1669,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Sérotine hottentote</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1689,1780,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1790,2139,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Hottentotten-Breitflligelfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2160,2252,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2262,2490,802,823]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Eptesicus de cola larga</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1388,2557,738,904]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<heading pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1389,1636,842,863]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1646,1781,842,863]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Hottentot Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1796,2022,842,863]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Hottentot Serotine Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[2037,2361,842,863]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Long-tailed Greater Serotine Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Long-tailed House Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1437,1677,881,902]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Long-tailed Serotine Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[2000,2596,948,1376]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2001,2157,948,981]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Smith, 1833" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hottentota">Vespertilio hottentota [sic] A. Smith, 1833</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[2000,2596,948,1376]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319685" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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Uitenhage,
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<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Eastern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2142,2320,1035,1060]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[2000,2596,948,1376]" lastBlockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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Genetic data have placed
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[2410,2596,1067,1100]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hottentotus">E. hottentotus</taxonomicName>
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close to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[2125,2239,1110,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bottae">E. bottae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Felten" authorityYear="1971" box="[2259,2431,1110,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anatolicus">E. anatolicus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bobrinski" authorityYear="1918" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ognevi">E. ognevi</taxonomicName>
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using nuclear genes, but mitochondrial genes place it sister to all or most (sometimes
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<taxonomicName box="[2175,2349,1229,1258]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isabellinus">E. isabellinus</taxonomicName>
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is most basal) of the other sequenced Old World
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<taxonomicName box="[2471,2588,1264,1297]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eptesicus</taxonomicName>
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. Taxon pallidioris often recognized as a distinct subspecies, but morphological and genetic data show that it is best included under the nominate subspecies
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[2458,2595,1382,1415]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hottentotus">hottentotus</taxonomicName>
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as a synonym; however, genetic and morphological research is needed to validate this view. Three subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398208" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398208/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" targetBox="[1386,1977,958,1372]" targetPageId="89">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" box="[1387,1788,1499,1532]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1387,1788,1499,1532]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" box="[1386,2584,1548,1573]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Smith, 1833" authorityName="A. Smith" authorityYear="1833" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1386,1807,1548,1573]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hottentotus" subSpecies="hottentotus">E.h.hottentotusA.Smith,1833—SWAngola,WNamibia,andNW&SWSouthAfrica.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<taxonomicName authority="Roberts, 1946" authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1946" box="[1387,1764,1583,1612]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hottentotus" subSpecies="bensoni">E.h.bensoniRoberts,1946—NEZambia,SMalawi,NWMozambique,Zimbabwe,ESouthAfrica,andLesotho;probablyinSwaziland.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" box="[1386,2180,1658,1691]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<taxonomicName authority="Schlitter & Aggundey, 1986" authorityName="Schlitter & Aggundey" authorityYear="1986" box="[1386,1999,1658,1691]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="hottentotus" subSpecies="portavernus">E. h. portavernus Schlitter & Aggundey, 1986</taxonomicName>
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— SW
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<collectingCountry box="[2088,2176,1658,1691]" name="Kenya" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1386,1638,1698,1731]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.62-77 mm,tail 38-58 mm, ear 14-20 mm, hindfoot 9-11 mm, forearm 45-54 mm; weight 10-8-24-5 g. Males have slightly shorter forearm lengths than females on average (at least in
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<collectingCountry box="[2003,2129,1776,1809]" name="Namibia" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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). Fur of the Long-tailed Serotine is sleek, soft, and dense; dorsal pelage is variable, ranging geographically from pale brown to nearly black, generally with silky sheen (hairs with dark bases and pale tips); ventral pelage is paler, generally with creamy sheen (basal two-thirds of hairs blackish brown and terminal one-third grayish brown with cream or whitish tips). Bare face and ears are dark brown to blackish, and membranes are brown to blackish brown, usually darkening as pelage darkens. Earsare relatively short, with rounded tips; tragus is about one-third the ear length, broadest part is at base, posterior margin is mostly straight but is smoothly convex near tip, and tip is rounded. Tail is of average length for
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<taxonomicName box="[1438,1554,2131,2164]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eptesicus</taxonomicName>
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despite the common name and extends a few millimeters past uropatagium; calcar has well-developed postcalcarial lobe. Baculum is short, roughly triangular with concave sides, and flat but with proximal end being thicker than distal end. Skull is large for an African
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<taxonomicName box="[1790,1906,2258,2283]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Eptesicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eptesicus</taxonomicName>
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; braincase is relatively low and narrow; rostrum is broad; forehead profile is straight; sagittal crest is slight; occipital helmet is present; and lambdoidal crests are well developed. I? is large and unicuspid (unlike many of its congeners); I” is minute; and lower molars are myotodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 50 and FNa = 48.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1493,2448,2481]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primarily close to rivers in various surrounding habitats, such as woodland savannas, montane grasslands, marshlands, well-wooded banks, and even farmland. In
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<collectingCountry name="Namibia" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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, Long-tailed Serotines are known from permanent water sources surrounded by
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Thomas" authorityYear="1902" box="[1384,1469,2566,2599]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desert">desert</taxonomicName>
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, and they have been captured in the vicinity of cliffs in
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<collectingCountry box="[2229,2403,2566,2599]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1383,1641,2606,2639]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Long-tailed Serotine probably forages by slow hawking in moderately vegetation cluttered areas and open areas. It is predicted to be a slow and maneuverable flier in vegetation clutter, becoming faster in more open areas. Fecal samples from six bats in West
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<collectingRegion box="[1698,1904,2724,2757]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1924,2102,2724,2757]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, contained
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<taxonomicName box="[2275,2429,2724,2757]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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(88:3% by mean percent volume),
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<taxonomicName box="[1725,1829,2768,2797]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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(4:5%), and
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<taxonomicName box="[2023,2174,2768,2797]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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(1:5%), along with some unknown arthropod (1%). Tympanate moths were also identified in diets in the same area.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1383,1517,2842,2875]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Nine females captured in Mutoko district,
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<collectingCountry box="[2146,2293,2842,2875]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, at the beginning of the hot wet season (mid-November) were heavily pregnant or lactating.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1381,1617,2921,2954]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Long-tailed Serotines roost by day in dry and wet caves, abandoned mines, small hollows in rocks, and outside wall of a building. Call frequencies in Soutpansberg, north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1796,1974,3000,3033]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, had start frequencies of 54-69-8 kHz, end frequencies of 28-2-31-6 kHz, peak frequencies of 30-4-33-8 kHz, and durations of 2:6—4-1 milliseconds. Recordings from the same area in another study had similar results, with peak frequencies of 30-34 kHz, end frequencies of 28-32 kHz, and durations of 3—4 milliseconds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1381,2076,3202,3231]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
[.ong-tailed Serotines are usuallyreported roosting alone or in groups of 2—4 individuals, with one record offive individuals in a single roost. When roosting in groups, they usually hang together in loose clusters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="847" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[1381,2595,1382,3467]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1382,1730,3316,3349]" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. The Longtailed Serotine is widespread and does not appear to face any major threats. It is locally abundant throughout
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1699,1842,3395,3428]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
and much of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[2040,2217,3395,3428]" name="South Africa" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but it is considerably rare in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1417,1518,3434,3467]" name="Angola" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1591,1690,3434,3467]" name="Malawi" pageId="89" pageNumber="847">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It might be threatened bylocal roost disturbance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="848" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="90.[176,1380,279,428]" pageId="90" pageNumber="848">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,325,279,304]" pageId="90" pageNumber="848">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
ACR (2018), Artyushin et al. (2018), Cotterill & Happold (2013h), Crawford-Cabral (1989), Juste et al. (2013), Kearney (2005), Kearney,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[524,561,319,344]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="90" pageNumber="848">Van</collectingRegion>
|
||
Cakenberghe et al. (2008), Kearney, Volleth et al. (2002), Linden et al. (2014), Lynch (1994), McBee et al. (1987), Monadjem, Cotterill & Jacobs (2017), Monadjem, Tayloret al. (2010), Rautenbach (1982), Schlitter & Aggundey (1986), Schoeman & Jacobs (2003), Taylor (1998, 2000), Taylor, Sowler et al. (2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |