133 lines
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133 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" approvalRequired="5" approvalRequired_for_matCits="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="4" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E275348AFF3BE15326AB71CE86F6" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Rhabdomys chakae" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="775" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="775" updateTime="1658538965639" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Muridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>536</mods:start>
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<mods:end>884</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887260</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-04-6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6887260</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6814378" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6814378" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E275348AFF3BE15326AB71CE86F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E275348AFF3BE15326AB71CE86F6" lastPageNumber="775" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<heading pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<subSubSection box="[100,183,2722,2768]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1295,2722,2890]" box="[100,183,2722,2768]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<figureCitation box="[100,183,2722,2768]" captionStart="Plate 48: Muridae" captionStartId="166.[98,128,3175,3200]" captionTargetBox="[11,2727,14,3650]" captionTargetPageId="165" captionText="469. Barbary Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys barbarus), 470. Typical Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys striatus), 471. [MISSING], 473. Senegal Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys linulus), 474. Mittendorf’s Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys Ts), 475. Hoogstraal’s Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys hoogstraali), 476. Buffoon Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys macculus), 477. Griselda Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys griselda), 478. Single-striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys rosalia), 479. Rosevear’s Striped Grass Mouse (Lemniscomys roseveart), 480. West African Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys ornatus), 481. Common Rufous-nosed Rat (Oenomys hypoxanthus), 482. East African Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys fallax), 483. Hopkins’s Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys hopkinst), 484. Lake Victoria Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys isseli), 485. Angolan Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys campanae), 486. Least Groove-toothed Swamp Rat (Pelomys minor), 487. Target Rat (Stochomys longicaudatus), 488. Kemp's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys kempr), 489. Hatt’s Thicket Rat (Thamnomys major), 490. Schouteden’s Thicket Rat (Thamnomys schoutedeni), 491. Thomas's Thicket Rat (Thamnomys venustus), 492. Namaqua Rock Rat (Micaelamys namaquensis), 493. Grant's Rock Rat (Micaelamys granti), 494. Mesic Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys dilectus), 495. West-Central South African Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys bechuanae), 496. KwaZulu Natal Four-striped Grass Rat (Rhabdomys chakae), 497. [MISSING], 499. Loring’s Thallomys (Thallomys loringi), 500. Black-tailed Thallomys (Thallomys nigricauda), 501. Sundevall’s Thallomys (Thallomys paedulcus), 502. Shortridge’s Thallomys (Thallomys shortridgei)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887982/files/figure.png" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">496.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[200,983,2722,2768]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1295,2722,2890]" box="[200,983,2722,2768]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<vernacularName box="[200,983,2722,2768]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">KwaZulu Natal Four-striped Grass Rat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[101,454,2770,2816]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1295,2722,2890]" box="[101,454,2770,2816]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wroughton" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[101,454,2770,2816]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chakae">
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<emphasis box="[101,454,2770,2816]" italics="true" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Rhabdomys chakae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1295,2722,2890]" box="[100,1295,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[100,172,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[180,384,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Rhabdomys de Chaka</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[403,490,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[498,782,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">KwaZulu-Vierstreifengrasmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[801,888,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[896,1295,2830,2851]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Rata de hierba de cuatro listas de KwaZulu</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1295,2722,2890]" box="[100,624,2869,2890]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[100,347,2869,2890]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[357,624,2869,2890]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">KwaZulu Natal Rhabdomys</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[713,1306,2938,3361]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName authority="Wroughton, 1905" authorityName="Wroughton" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Arvicanthis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pumilio" subSpecies="chakae">Arvicanthis pumilio chakae Wroughton, 1905</taxonomicName>
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, Sibudeni, 1067 m, Nkandhla, Zululand, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[713,1306,2938,3361]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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<taxonomicName box="[715,857,3096,3125]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhabdomys</taxonomicName>
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chakae was recently split from R. pumilioon molecular and chromosomal grounds;it is parapatric with latter species and with R. bechuanae,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="de Winton" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1028,1159,3219,3244]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dilectus">R. dilectus</taxonomicName>
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, and R. in- termedius. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[713,1306,2938,3361]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Distribution. Wetter E parts of South Af-rica, from the Soutpansberg S through</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1304,3372,3480]" box="[100,794,3372,3401]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Swaziland and Lesotho to Eastern Cape Province.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[100,1304,3372,3480]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Descriptive notes. Head-body 75-140 mm, tail 67-102 mm, ear 8-19 mm, hindfoot 18-25 mm; weight 14-70 g. The KwaZulu Natal Four-striped Grass Rat is a small rodent,</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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with longitudinal black and cream stripes,is similar morphologically to other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1373,1514,341,366]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rhabdomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhabdomys</taxonomicName>
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. Furis coarse, yellowish brown to speckled buff above, paler below. It has no mid-dorsalstripe, but instead twolateral cream-colored broad stripes, each bordered by two black stripes, extending from between ears to base oftail. Head is of same color as back, with black median stripe from between ears to between eyes. Nose, chin, throat, and abdomen are paler than above. Ears are densely covered with short reddish-brown hairs. Forefeet are paler than dorsal fur, soles darkly pigmented. Tail is comparatively short (¢.80% of head-body length), sparsely haired, bicolored, black above and yellow- ish brown or gray below. Females have 2+2 = 4 pairs ofnipples. Karyotype 2n = 48.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Habitat. Primarily grasslands associated with the Great Escarpment of South Africa and its foothills.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">
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Food and Feeding. Diet is primarily granivorous. In Eastern Cape, stomachs contained insects, seeds, fruits, leaves, and stems, insects predominating (83%) in mid-summer and fruits predominating (49%) in mid-winter. In KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg, these grass rats were predominantly granivorous overall, but with foliage and insects increasing in importance in wet season. In Swaziland, stomachs contained mostly foliage, and to lesserextent seeds and insects. Particularly in winter, they are known to cause extensive damage by ring-barking young maritime pine trees (
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<taxonomicName box="[2238,2423,967,996]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinaster">Pinus pinaster</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[2438,2563,967,996]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in plantations.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Breeding. Reproduction is seasonal and occurs after summer rains. Litter size is 1-11 in KwaZulu-Natal Province. Gestation lasts 25 days.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Activity patterns. KwaZulu Natal Fourstriped Grass Rats are terrestrial, and diurnal and crepuscular.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Movements, Home range and Social organization. In mesic grassland habitats these grass rats are solitary and territorial. Home ranges of individuals in KwaZulu-Natal grasslands are 12,466 m? for males and 5760 m* for females, much larger than for individuals of the communal species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1373,2215,1361,1390]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" box="[1373,2215,1361,1390]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCN Red Lust.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="775" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="172.[1371,2578,292,1509]" pageId="172" pageNumber="775">Bibliography. Castiglia et al. (2012), Du Toit et al. (2012), Monadjem (1997a, 1997b),Monadjem et al. (2015), Rambau et al. (2003), Rowe-Rowe (1986), Rowe-Rowe & Meester (1982b), Schradin & Pillay (2005a, 2005b), Taylor (1998), Willan (1982).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |