161 lines
14 KiB
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161 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" approvalRequired="5" approvalRequired_for_matCits="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="4" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Gerbillus campestris Loche 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="628" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="628" updateTime="1658538965639" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Muridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:dateIssued>2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>536</mods:start>
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<mods:end>884</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887260</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-04-6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6887260</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6795476" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826157" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6795476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" lastPageNumber="628" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<heading pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<subSubSection box="[171,228,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[171,228,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<figureCitation box="[171,228,1970,2016]" captionStart="Plate 35: Muridae" captionStartId="28.[101,131,3308,3333]" captionTargetBox="[11,2715,14,3648]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="86. Ammodile (Ammodillus imbellis), 87. Pleasant Gerbil (Gerbillus amoenus), 88. Anderson’s Gerbil (Gerbillus andersoni), 89. Botta’s Gerbil (Gerbillus bottai), 90. North African Gerbil (Gerbillus campestris), 91. Flower’s Gerbil (Gerbillus floweri), 92. Algerian Gerbil (Gerbillus garamantis), 93. Lesser Egyptian Gerbil (Gerbillus gerbillus), 94. Grobben’s Gerbil (Gerbillus grobbeni), 95. Pygmy Gerbil (Gerbillus henleyi), 96. Moroccan Gerbil (Gerbillus hesperinus), 97. Hoogstraal’s Gerbil (Gerbillus hoogstraali), 98. James's Gerbil (Gerbillus jamesi), 99. Lataste’s Gerbil (Gerbillus latastei), 100. Greater Short-tailed Gerbil (Gerbillus maghrebi), 101. Occidental Gerbil (Gerbillus occiduus), 102. Lesser Short-tailed Gerbil (Gerbillus simoni), 103. Sand Gerbil (Gerbullus syrticus), 104. Tarabul Gerbil (Gerbillus tarabuli), 105. Vivacious Gerbil (Gerbillus vivax), 106. Waters’s Gerbil (Gerbillus watersi), 107. Agag Gerbil (Gerbillus agag), 108. Lowe’s Gerbil (Gerbillus lower), 109. Mauritanian Gerbil (Gerbillus mauritaniae), 110. Darfur Gerbil (Gerbillus muriculus), 111. Sudan Gerbil (Gerbillus nancillus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887348/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">90.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<vernacularName box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">North African Gerbil</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">
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<emphasis box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Gerbillus campestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[170,1131,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,246,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[255,457,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Gerbille des champs</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[479,569,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[579,795,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Nordafrika-Rennmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,907,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[916,1131,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Gerbillo norteafricano</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[170,908,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,416,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[427,689,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Large North African Gerbil</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[702,908,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">North African Dipodil</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[779,1373,2141,2569]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[781,936,2141,2175]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Loche, 1867" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbillus campestris Loche, 1867</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864424365" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">“le Sahara algérien pres de Guerrara dans les oasis.” Restricted by F. Lataste in 1881 to “environs de Philippeville (province de Constantine),” Algeria</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[779,1373,2141,2569]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[784,1025,2343,2372]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbillus campestris</taxonomicName>
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includes many synonyms that were incorporated with successive revisions of the genus by D. M. Lay in 1983, I. Ya. Pavlinov and colleagues in 1990, and G. G.Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005. Morphometric revisions ofthe species’ vari-
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">ability were made by different authors, as well as from chromosomal studies. A molecular study by V. Nicolas and coworkers in 2014 concluded that the species is monophyletic and allowed confirmation of its geographical extension south of the Sahara. Monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="distribution">
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<caption inLine="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" targetBox="[2650,2654,775,800]" targetPageId="29">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[167,342,2696,2725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N Africa (Morocco to Egypt), with disjunct distribution in Sahara and sub-Saharan countries (N Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, and Sudan).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,415,2779,2804]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 99-112 mm, tail 118-153 mm, ear 15-20 mm, hindfoot 25-29 mm; weight 21-38 g. This is a small yellow to brown gerbil with a long tail (130-140% of head-body length), and with bare soles on hindfeet. Ventral pelage is white, well delineated from flanks. Tail is bicolored, and terminal half ends with adeveloped pencil. Skull bears relatively small tympanic bullae poorly inflated in the mastoid part (25% of maximum length ofskull), and there are short molar rows. Diploid number 2n = 56/58, FNa = 68.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,276,3045,3079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Habitat.</emphasis>
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In coastal regions of North Africa, the North African Gerbil inhabits cultivated fields, consolidated river and “wadi” (ephemeral riverbeds) banks, stabilized dunes, palm groves, rocky hills and outcrops, cliffs, boulder habitats, and mud and stone houses with some element of vegetation. In arid areas of southern Sahara, and in Algeria,it is associated with rocky environments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,427,3242,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The North African Gerbil is granivorous; it prefers seeds, and also eats leaves, stems, and fruits, as well as insects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,298,3320,3354]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In Morocco, breeding occurs during February—July. In Sudan, reproduction takes place at the end ofthe rainy season. In Egypt, meanlitter size is 3-6, with mean of three, and reproduction occurs during winter rains orjust after the rainy season. One female in Mali bore three embryos, and another in Niger had four embryos.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1452,1686,294,328]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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North African Gerbils are nocturnal and terrestrial. They rest during the day in shallow burrows or under rocks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1453,2156,373,407]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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In 1992, population density in Morocco was estimated as ranging from 6-5 ind/ha to 51-5 ind/ha, and very few movements were noted between capture and recapture sites (distances 13-31 m). Home ranges of males and females overlapped only during the reproductive season.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1453,1800,530,564]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The North African Gerbil is quite common and is considered an agricultural pest in North Africa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1453,1600,618,643]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Abiadh, Chétoui et al. (2010), Abiadh, Colangelo et al. (2010), Aulagnier &Thévenot (1986), Aulagnier et al. (2009), Benazzou & Zyadi (1990), Chétoui et al. (2002), Denys et al. (2015), Dobigny, Moulin et al. (2001), Dobigny, Nomao & Gautun (2002), Granjon & Duplantier (2009), Happold (1967b), Khidas (1993), Kowalski & Rzebik-Kowalska (1991), Lataste (1881a), Lay (1983), Lay et al. (1975), Le Berre (1990), Musser & Carleton (2005), Nicolas, Ndiaye et al. (2014), Pavlinov et al. (1990), Petter (1961c), Qumsiyeh & Schlitter (1991), Ranck (1968), Zyadi & Benazzou (1992).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |