151 lines
18 KiB
XML
151 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="E6C824D72304FD1E2EE077A8FE495627" ID-CLB-Dataset="31147" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4365.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4af0ca5-f386-4f51-a604-61e9e135cba4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1117506" ID-ZooBank="1678D805-60A7-400A-B381-21934F0D0C25" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1513582403263" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haran, Julien & Perrin, Hélène" docDate="2017" docId="0386E05989324B32D59BF8DEFB60FAE6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4365.2.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4365 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Afrosmicronyx Hustache 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="134" masterDocId="FFBF982189334B30D50CFF94FFFDFF9D" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Afrosmicronyx Hustache (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)" masterLastPageNumber="148" masterPageNumber="132" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1698510136351" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A7ACD149FB0929C20F71A961A0220039">Revision of the genus Afrosmicronyx Hustache (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E04CBB4FC9CAC5A5BA42E273776C8F60">Haran, Julien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7016F495D94ADEC8E1539F3A86626C9D">Perrin, Hélène</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5B371411CBC90452EE074557074DBF28">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CCC74C4469222559F2C492DF8347CF10">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C84BEE8F0584990D0420486F29D219D9">4365</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0386E05989324B32D59BF8DEFB60FAE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689283" ID-GBIF-Taxon="139334102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386E05989324B32D59BF8DEFB60FAE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386E05989324B32D59BF8DEFB60FAE6" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection id="C33502C489324B31D59BF8DEFDEFF8F8" box="[151,530,1866,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89324B31D59BF8DEFDEFF8F8" blockId="1.[151,530,1866,1893]" box="[151,530,1866,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0D8E62389324B31D59BF8DEFDEFF8F8" bold="true" box="[151,530,1866,1893]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89324B31D59BF8DEFDEFF8F8" authority="Hustache, 1935" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,530,1866,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Afrosmicronyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D59BF8DEFDEFF8F8" bold="true" box="[151,530,1866,1893]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D59BF8DEFEB1F8F9" bold="true" box="[151,332,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">Afrosmicronyx</emphasis>
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Hustache, 1935
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33502C489324B31D59BF806FD7CF83A" box="[151,641,1937,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89324B31D59BF806FD7CF83A" blockId="1.[151,641,1937,1959]" box="[151,641,1937,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3F766189324B31D59BF806FD7CF83A" box="[151,641,1937,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89324B31D59BF806FD7CF83A" authority="Hustache, 1935 a: 29" authorityName="Hustache" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,641,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Afrosmicronyx">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D59BF806FEFCF83A" box="[151,257,1938,1959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">Smicronyx</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D403F805FE5FF83A" box="[271,418,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">Afrosmicronyx</emphasis>
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)
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8E775E89324B31D4BDF805FD7CF83A" author="Hustache" box="[433,641,1937,1959]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" year="1935">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE2CBE89324B31D4BDF805FDA3F83A" author="Hustache" box="[433,606,1937,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" refString="Hustache, A. (1935 a) Mission J. de Lepiney au Soudan Francais (1933 - 1934). (Treizieme note). Coleopteres Curculionides. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, 15, 26 - 30." type="journal article" year="1935" yearSuffix="a">Hustache, 1935a</bibRefCitation>
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: 29
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33502C489324B32D59BF840FE6DFBAA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="1" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89324B32D59BF840FE6DFBAA" blockId="1.[151,1436,2004,2029]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1403]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D59BF840FEC0F870" bold="true" box="[151,317,2004,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">Redescription</emphasis>
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(updated from Hustache 1935). Body length 3.1–7.0 mm.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89324B31D6E8F840FBCBF870" bold="true" box="[996,1078,2004,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="133">Colour</emphasis>
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. Body integument brownish to black; vestiture of elytra consisting of short recumbent and overlapping scales, rounded or slightly longer than wide, generally concealing integument (in fresh specimens); scales on elytra mostly black, brown or grey, usually with paler shades, spots, stripes or bands.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D767FF4BFD56FF65" bold="true" box="[619,683,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Head</emphasis>
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. Rostrum generally longer than head plus prothorax, rarely slightly shorter, thinner than apex of femora, sides parallel in apical half, dorsally punctate and covered by scales in basal third, punctate and bearing scale (males), smooth and shiny (females) in apical third; with transverse dorsal furrow at base, sometimes reduced or concealed by scales; base of rostrum in lateral view forming a blunt projection above apex of scrobes; rostrum moderately and regularly downcurved; head short, wider than long; eyes subcontiguous ventrally, space between them ventrally always narrower than width of antennal clubs; antennae reddish or dark brown, inserted near middle of rostrum in females but antemedially in males; scapes thin, arcuate at base, clavate at apex; funicles 7-segmented, segment 1 longer than wide, 2 equal in length or shorter, 3–7 slightly longer than wide or transverse, widening toward club.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D741FE6BFD3AFD85" bold="true" box="[589,711,511,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Prothorax</emphasis>
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. Isodiametric or transverse, sides rounded, narrowed at apex, densely punctate, integument shiny, visible through scales.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D63BFDB0FC7EFDA0" bold="true" box="[823,899,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Elytra</emphasis>
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. Longer than wide (ratio w/l: 0.55–0.72), sides subparallel or moderately rounded in basal two thirds, rounded in apical third, humeri raised, space between them larger than greatest width of prothorax, declivital callosities present at apex of interval 3, followed by a depression, striae narrow, interstriae flat and wide, much larger than striae; scutellum small, shiny and flat.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D02CFD1BFA69FD35" bold="true" box="[1312,1428,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. Underside covered by scales similar in colour and shape to those of elytra, integument shiny with rounded punctures at insertion of scales, ventrites 1 and 2 elongate, equal or subequal in length, 2 as long as 3–5 or a little shorter, 5 concave, concavity more pronounced in males.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D627FD68FC9EFC88" bold="true" box="[811,867,764,789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Legs</emphasis>
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. Black to reddish, covered with recumbent scales mixed with raised setiform scales; femora clavate, armed with a strong ventral tooth, largest on profemora; tibiae armed with ventral tooth or thickening proximally near middle, largest on protibiae, tooth of protibiae acute in females, obtuse in males, space between tooth and apex of profemora bearing a row of stiff setae, tibial spurs large and slightly curved; tarsi with 3rd tarsomere broadly bilobed; claw connate at base, slightly divergent.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D040FC1AFED4FC56" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
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. Males differing from females by slightly shorter and stouter rostrum, anteriorly more coarsely punctate and densely squamose squamose, less sharply pointed tibial teeth and more pronounced concavity on ventrite 5.
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D419FC6EFE7EFB8E" bold="true" box="[277,387,1018,1043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Genitalia</emphasis>
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. Structure of male terminalia of pedal
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<typeStatus id="5494EFED89314B32D647FC6FFC82FB8E" box="[843,895,1019,1043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">type</typeStatus>
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. Penis short or elongate (ratio w/l: 0.28–0.58), curved in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33502C489314B32D5CBFBD6FC3BFBC6" box="[199,966,1090,1115]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89314B32D5CBFBD6FC3BFBC6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1403]" box="[199,966,1090,1115]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D5CBFBD6FE99FBC6" bold="true" box="[199,356,1090,1115]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Type species:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D467FBD7FC3BFBC6" authority="Hustache, 1935" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1935" box="[363,966,1090,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Smicronyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="giganteus" subGenus="Afrosmicronyx">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D467FBD7FCECFBC6" box="[363,785,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Smicronyx (Afrosmicronyx) giganteus</emphasis>
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Hustache, 1935
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33502C489314B32D5CBFBF2FB60FAE6" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89314B32D5CBFBF2FD77FA92" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D5CBFBF2FE33FBE2" bold="true" box="[199,462,1126,1151]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The furrow at the base of the rostrum and the connate condition of the tarsal claws are typical of the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D4ADFB1EFDB7FB3E" authorityName="Seidlitz" authorityYear="1891" box="[417,586,1162,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Smicronychini">Smicronychini</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D76DFB1FFCF9FB3E" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1935" box="[609,772,1163,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Afrosmicronyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D76DFB1FFCF9FB3E" box="[609,772,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Afrosmicronyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from other continental Afrotropical
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D59BFB3AFEC1FB5A" authorityName="Seidlitz" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,316,1198,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Smicronychini">Smicronychini</taxonomicName>
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by its femora bearing a strong ventral tooth and its protibiae bearing a distinct ventral tooth or thickening near middle or antemedially. In Madagascar
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D610FB47FC42FB76" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1935" box="[796,959,1235,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Afrosmicronyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D610FB47FC42FB76" box="[796,959,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Afrosmicronyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from the endemic genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D59BFB62FEFCFA92" authorityName="Hustache" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,257,1270,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Topelatus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D59BFB62FEFCFA92" box="[151,257,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Topelatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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its body length (more than
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<quantity id="4CD7FCAA89314B32D734FB63FD80FA92" box="[568,637,1271,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B90514F89314B32D5CBFA8EFB60FAE6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D5CBFA8EFEA7FAAE" bold="true" box="[199,346,1306,1331]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Life history.</emphasis>
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Species whose life histories are documented are associated with hemiparasitic
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D1FCFA8EFA60FAAE" authorityName="" authorityYear="1799" box="[1264,1437,1306,1331]" family="Orobanchaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Orobanchaceae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D5ACFAABFE08FACA" authority=", Anderson & Cox 1997" authorityName=", Anderson & Cox" authorityYear="1997" box="[160,501,1342,1367]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Striga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D5ACFAABFF17FACB" box="[160,234,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Striga,</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE2CBE89314B32D5FEFAAAFE08FACA" author="Anderson" box="[242,501,1342,1367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" refString="Anderson, D. N. & Cox, M. L. (1997) Smicronyx species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), economically important seed predators of witchweeds (Striga spp.) (Scrophulariaceae) in sub-Saharan Africa. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 87 (1), 3 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300036300" type="journal article" year="1997">Anderson & Cox 1997</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F2ACC89314B32D70DFAAAFCEFFACA" authority=", Marshall 1940" authorityName=", Marshall" authorityYear="1940" box="[513,786,1342,1367]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Sopubia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95B8D5D89314B32D70DFAAAFD99FACA" box="[513,612,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="134">Sopubia,</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE2CBE89314B32D760FAAAFCEFFACA" author="Marshall" box="[620,786,1342,1367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="134" refString="Marshall, G. A. K. (1940) The weevils (Col. Curculionidae) of the Chyulu Hills, Kenya. Coleoptera Part 2. The Journal of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society, 15, 35 - 73." type="journal article" year="1940">Marshall 1940</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Their larvae develop in seed capsules (forming a gall or not) or in galls on the roots of their host plants. The life history of most species is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |