treatments-xml/data/71/EE/B0/71EEB0A8E51957C49176844730E66534.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ece770a-8e5c-4b23-bf12-00002942e7eb" ID-PMC="PMC7661481" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-985-15" ID-Pensoft-UUID="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" ID-PubMed="33223873" ID-ZooBank="828AE6A53362486B85F5CE1074237440" ModsDocID="1313-2970-985-15" checkinTime="1604647796885" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barber-James, Helen M., Zrelli, Sonia, Yanai, Zohar &amp; Sartori, Michel" docDate="2020" docId="71EEB0A8E51957C49176844730E66534" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 985: 15-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 985" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649" docTitle="Oligoneuriopsis orontensis Barber-James &amp; Zrelli &amp; Yanai &amp; Sartori 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" masterDocTitle="A reassessment of the genus Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 (Ephemeroptera, Oligoneuriidae, Oligoneuriellini)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668169756141" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A reassessment of the genus Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 (Ephemeroptera, Oligoneuriidae, Oligoneuriellini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Barber-James, Helen M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Freshwater Invertebrates, Albany Museum, Somerset Street, Makhanda (Grahamstown), 6139, South Africa &amp; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, P. O. Box 94, Makhanda (Grahamstown), 6140, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Zrelli, Sonia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Unit of Hydrobiology, Laboratory of Environmental Biomonitoring, Faculty of sciences of Bizerta, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yanai, Zohar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Musee cantonal de zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Place de la Riponne 6, CH- 1014, Lausanne, Switzerland &amp; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, CH- 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland &amp; School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel &amp; The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0116</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sartori, Michel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Musee cantonal de zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Place de la Riponne 6, CH- 1014, Lausanne, Switzerland &amp; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, CH- 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-3397</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">michel.sartori@vd.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>985</mods:number>
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<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168815852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:71EEB0A8E51957C49176844730E66534" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/71EEB0A8E51957C49176844730E66534" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName LSID="71EEB0A8-E519-57C4-9176-844730E66534" authority="(Koch, 1980)" authorityName="Barber-James &amp; Zrelli &amp; Yanai &amp; Sartori" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis orontensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orontensis" status="comb. nov.">Oligoneuriopsis orontensis (Koch, 1980)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="15">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Genitalia of Oligoneuriopsis in ventral view A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Black arrows: Apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis. White arrows: Proximal process of penis. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471487" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figures 9B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Oligoneuriopsis nymphs in dorsal view A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471488" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 10B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. O. skhounate (A-C) and O. orontensis (D-F) A, D shape of the egg B, E micropyle C, F KCT's." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471489" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 11D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Hind legs of Oligoneuriopsis in dorsal view, showing femoral and tibial setation A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471490" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 12B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Hind femora of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis orontensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471492" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 14F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella orontensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orontensis">Oligoneuriella orontensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="153 - 160" refId="B24" refString="Koch, S, 1980. Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera). Entomologische Zeitschrift 90: 153 - 160" title="Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera)." volume="90" year="1980">Koch, 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 154, figs 1-4 (nymph).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
Israel • 1N; Jordan River, Ateret Fortress; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.0032" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.0032">33.0032°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6286" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6286">35.6286°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 63 m a.s.l.; 7 May 1990; H. Glassmann &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 1N; same locality; 7 May 1991; H. Glassmann &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 5N; same locality; 8 Dec. 2014; Z. Yanai leg.; SMNH • 15N, 3♂; same locality; 29 Oct. 2015; Z. Yanai &amp; Y. Brenner leg.; SMNH • 14N; same locality; 16 May 2016; Z. Yanai &amp; A. Charvet leg.; SMNH • 8N; same locality; 2 Jun. 2016; Y. Hershkovitz &amp; T. Eshcoly leg.; SMNH • 3N (1N - GBIFCH00759464 - sequenced); same locality; 11 Mar. 2017; Z. Yanai &amp; J.-L. Gattolliat leg.; MZL, SMNH • 4N (2N - GBIFCH00664952, GBIFCH006759463 - sequenced); same locality; 27 Mar. 2019; Z. Yanai leg.; MZL, SMNH • 2N; Dan Stream, st. 6; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.1320" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.132">33.1320°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3845" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.3845">35.3845°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 120 m a.s.l.; 10 May 1990; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 4N; Senir (Hasbani) Stream, upstream 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ma’ayan">Ma'ayan</normalizedToken>
Barukh Bridge; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.2253" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.2253">33.2253°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6152" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6152">35.6152°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 103 m a.s.l.; 10 May 1990; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 1N; same locality; 10 May 1991; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 2N; Senir (Hasbani) Stream, downstream 'En Barukh; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.2308" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.2308">33.2308°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6209" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6209">35.6209°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 119 m a.s.l.; 10 May 1990; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 2s♀, 1♂; same locality; 25 Jul. 1990; A. Reuven leg.; MZL • 4s♀, 3♂; same locality; 10 May 1991; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 4N; Hermon (Banyas) Stream, Kefar Szold; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.1301" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.1301">33.1301°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.3832" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.3832">35.3832°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 100 m a.s.l.; 8 May 1991; A. Reuven &amp; M. Sartori leg.; MZL • 1N; Jordan River, haDodot Bridge; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.9318" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.9318">32.9318°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6226" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6226">35.6226°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. -161 m a.s.l.; 29 Jul. 2015; Y. Hershkovitz &amp; T. Eshcoly leg.; SMNH • 2N; Jordan River, Park haYarden; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="32.9091" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.9091">32.9091°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6235" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6235">35.6235°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. -203 m a.s.l.; 2 Jun. 2016; Y. Hershkovitz &amp; T. Eshcoly leg.; SMNH • 2s♂; Senir (Hasbani) Stream, Beth Hillel; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.1989" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.1989">33.1989°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.6108" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.6108">35.6108°E</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 82 m a.s.l.; 6 Aug. 2020; Z. Yanai &amp; A. Hershko leg.; SMNH.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="male imago">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Male imago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Lengths. Body: up to 18 mm; forewing: up to 17 mm; cerci: up to 15 mm; caudal filament: up to 13 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Vertex light brown, frontoclypeus yellowish, compound eyes greyish black, base of ocelli black, ocelli whitish, antennae with pedicel light brown and flagellum medium brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Pronotum light brown, washed with grey. Pterothorax light brown, with a large mesonotal suture yellowish. Forelegs with outer margin of femora, tibiae and tarsi medium brown, inner margin yellowish; mid- and hindlegs yellowish, with distinct inner brown maculae on the femoro-tibial articulation; wings, when folded, light brown, almost whitish when unfolded.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Abdominal segments uniformly yellowish, without distinct patterns, except sides of tergite IX, tergite X and sternite IX light brown; gonostyli and cerci whitish.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Forelegs functional, tibiae and tarsi of middle and hind legs weakly sclerotized and non- functional. Tarsal claws blunt. Forewing typical of the genus, with 5 groups of veins: Sc+RA, RSa+iRS, RSp+MA1, MA2+MP1, and a forked MP2+CuA - CuP vein. Subcostal field with numerous transversal veins, those issued from RA not reaching iRS in the distal forth of the length, those between iRS and MA1 only present in the proximal half.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
Gonostyli 4-segmented, the basal one ca. 4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of segments 2 to 4 combined; a fifth segment can sometimes be present (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Genitalia of Oligoneuriopsis in ventral view A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Black arrows: Apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis. White arrows: Proximal process of penis. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471487" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">9B</figureCitation>
). Penis lobes with characteristic sclerotized proximal process ending in a bifid projection; lateral longitudinal lobe ending in a distinct club-shaped sclerite more than 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
larger than the lateral lobe. Cerci with whorls of long setae at each junction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="female subimago">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Female subimago.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Lengths. Body: up to 23 mm; forewing: up to 21 mm; cerci: up to 7 mm; caudal filament: up to 5.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Colouration as in the male, except antennal pedicel entirely medium brown, forefemora with outer margin sepia, tibiae and tarsi of all legs atrophied, twisted on forelegs; tarsal claws reduced to a single pointed and unsclerotized filament. Cerci light to medium brown. Posterior margin of sternite IX deeply concave and rounded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nymph">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Nymph</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Oligoneuriopsis nymphs in dorsal view A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471488" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">10B</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
First described by 
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="153 - 160" refId="B24" refString="Koch, S, 1980. Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera). Entomologische Zeitschrift 90: 153 - 160" title="Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera)." volume="90" year="1980">Koch (1980)</bibRefCitation>
sub nomen 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella orontensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orontensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella orontensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Lengths. Body up to 14 mm and 19 mm in male and female nymphs respectively; cerci (and caudal filament) up to 7 mm (5 mm) and 9 mm (7 mm) in male and female nymphs respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
General colouration light to medium brown, always lighter in male nymphs. Head medium brown, yellowish between the compound eyes. Pronotum medium brown, with yellowish areas sublaterally. Pterothorax medium brown, with yellowish maculae very characteristic (see 
<bibRefCitation author="Koch, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="153 - 160" refId="B24" refString="Koch, S, 1980. Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera). Entomologische Zeitschrift 90: 153 - 160" title="Beschreibung der Larve von Oligoneuriella orontensis n. sp. aus dem Vorderen Orient und Vergleich mit den palaearktischen Arten von Oligoneuriella Ulmer (Ephemeroptera)." volume="90" year="1980">Koch, 1980</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4). Legs light brown, femora medium brown in the proximal half, lighter distally; femoro-tibial articulation darker, especially notable in mature nymphs. Setae on the outer margin of hind femora well developed, but not reaching the apex (if reaching it, then much smaller than the proximal ones) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Hind femora of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis orontensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471492" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">14F</figureCitation>
). Outer margin of hind tibiae without a row of long and thin setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Hind legs of Oligoneuriopsis in dorsal view, showing femoral and tibial setation A O. skhounate B O. orontensis. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471490" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">12B</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergites uniformly medium brown, each with a pair of light spots in the middle and one or two light maculae laterally; sternites with four spots on a transverse line and two elongated maculae anteriorly, altogether six spots creating sort of a circle (most notable in mature nymphs). Gills II-VII almost subequal in size, gill I smaller, ventral. On all gills, fibrillae shorter or subequal to lamella length. Lamellae II-VII with long and thin setae on their distal inner margin. Posteromedially sternal patch of long and thin setae present on segments II-IV(V). Posterolateral spines of the abdomen increasing in size posteriorly. Cerci uniformly dark brown, sometimes medium brown with a wide median dark band or with apex light brown.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471490" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Hind legs of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view, showing femoral and tibial setation 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. skhounate" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="skhounate">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. skhounate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. orontensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="orontensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. orontensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="eggs">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Eggs.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
General shape rhomboid, ca. 300 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long and 270 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, chorionic surface finely granulated (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. O. skhounate (A-C) and O. orontensis (D-F) A, D shape of the egg B, E micropyle C, F KCT's." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471489" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">11D</figureCitation>
), micropyle tagenoform, smooth, sperm guide well apparent (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. O. skhounate (A-C) and O. orontensis (D-F) A, D shape of the egg B, E micropyle C, F KCT's." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471489" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">11E</figureCitation>
), 
<normalizedToken originalValue="KCT’s">KCT's</normalizedToken>
rather regularly arranged, ca. 10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
of diameter, formed by coil-thread ending in a leaf-like and flat structure (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. O. skhounate (A-C) and O. orontensis (D-F) A, D shape of the egg B, E micropyle C, F KCT's." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471489" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">11F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="affinities">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Affinities.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
In male imagos, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. orontensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="orontensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. orontensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from all other known species by the apex of the lateral sclerite of the penis, which is greatly enlarged, even more than in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. dobbsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="dobbsi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. dobbsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the proximal process of the penis which is bifid. Nymphs are characterized by a row of setae on the outer margin of hind femora which does not reach the apex compared to other species studied, except 
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. jessicae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="jessicae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. jessicae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to some extent, and differs to all other known species by the absence of a row of setae on hind tibiae.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471491" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Genitalia of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. from Iran in ventral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Habitat preference.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
In Israel, found in well-oxygenized streams with high water discharge and current velocity (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.229" author="Yanai, Z" journalOrPublisher="CheckList" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="229 - 236" refId="B44" refString="Yanai, Z, Sartori, M, Gattolliat, J-L, 2020. Contribution to the mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of Israel and the Palestinian Authority. CheckList 16: 229 - 236, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.229" title="Contribution to the mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of Israel and the Palestinian Authority." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.229" volume="16" year="2020">Yanai et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). The scarcity of these habitats in the Levant may be the reason for its recent decline in Israel, and perhaps in other countries, although no recent data are available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Known distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<bibRefCitation author="Al-Zubaidi, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biological Sciences Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="147 - 151" refId="B4" refString="Al-Zubaidi, F, Al-Kayatt, A, 1986. A preliminary survey of mayflies from the north of Iraq. Journal of Biological Sciences Research 17: 147 - 151" title="A preliminary survey of mayflies from the north of Iraq." volume="17" year="1986">Al-Zubaidi and Al-Kayatt (1986)</bibRefCitation>
reported on &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.&quot; from northern Iraq (later cited by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.26842/inhmp.7.2020.37.05.0016" author="Abdul-Rassoul, MS" journalOrPublisher="Iraq Natural History Museum Publication" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 16" refId="B1" refString="Abdul-Rassoul, MS, 2020. Checklist of mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) from Iraq. Iraq Natural History Museum Publication 37: 1 - 16, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26842/inhmp.7.2020.37.05.0016" title="Checklist of mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) from Iraq." url="https://doi.org/10.26842/inhmp.7.2020.37.05.0016" volume="37" year="2020">Abdul-Rassoul 2020</bibRefCitation>
). These individuals may belong either to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. orontensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="orontensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. orontensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. villosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thus pushing distribution slightly eastwards or westwards, respectively. While both alternatives are possible in terms of ecology and geography, it is very likely that these specimens were misidentified and in fact belong to the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ulmer" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the only oligoneuriid reported by the authors in the following year (
<bibRefCitation author="Al-Zubaidi, F" journalOrPublisher="Faunistische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fuer Tierkunde Dresden" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="179 - 184" refId="B5" refString="Al-Zubaidi, F, Braasch, D, Al-Kayatt, A, 1987. Mayflies from Iraq (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Faunistische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum fuer Tierkunde Dresden 14: 179 - 184" title="Mayflies from Iraq (Insecta, Ephemeroptera)." volume="14" year="1987">Al-Zubaidi et al. 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Until further information is available, we ignore this report from Iraq.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471492" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Hind femora of representative 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ulmer" authorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A-C</emphasis>
) and 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">D-F</emphasis>
) species 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Imhoff" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella rhenana" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhenana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella rhenana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hagen" baseAuthorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella pallida" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dakki &amp; Giudicelli" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriella skoura" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="skoura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriella skoura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dakki &amp; Giudicelli" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis skhounate" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="skhounate">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis skhounate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barber-James &amp; Zrelli &amp; Yanai &amp; Sartori" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis orontensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orontensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis orontensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>