174 lines
19 KiB
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174 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.496" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c2284b9-47c5-4d6c-816f-64e20fec1ca6" ID-PMC="PMC3088028" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-52-1" ID-PubMed="21594123" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-52-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 52" ModsDocTitle="Ambengana Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992, a synonym of Neriene Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae)" checkinTime="1451251047766" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Xu, Xin, Jie, Liu & Chen, Jian" docDate="2010" docId="6A0425A2CF4CFA1D0E4D13B7C5183850" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 52: 1-8" docOrigin="ZooKeys 52" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.496" docTitle="Neriene birmanica Thorell 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFBFFB19F970524CFFBD1B164E13C734" masterDocTitle="Ambengana Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992, a synonym of Neriene Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668160726189" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Ambengana Millidge & Russell-Smith, 1992, a synonym of Neriene Blackwall, 1833 (Araneae, Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Xu, Xin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jie, Liu</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Jian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>52</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>8</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.496</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.496</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-52-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359574" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0425A2CF4CFA1D0E4D13B7C5183850" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0425A2CF4CFA1D0E4D13B7C5183850" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thorell, 1887" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica (Thorell, 1887)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 112
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Linyphia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Linyphia birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Linyphia birmanica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Thorell, T" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="5 - 417" title="Viaggio di L. Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. II. Primo saggio sui ragni birmani." volume="25" year="1887">Thorell, 1887: 99</bibRefCitation>
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(f).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Bathyphantes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathyphantes kashmiricus" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kashmiricus">Bathyphantes kashmiricus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="di Caporiacco, L" journalOrPublisher="Memorie della societa entomologica italiana" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="161 - 263" title="Aracnidi dell'Himalaia e del Karakoram, raccolti dalla Missione italiana al Karakoram (1929 - VII)." volume="13" year="1935">Caporiacco, 1935: 167</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 2, fig. 12 (m).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene kashmirica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kashmirica">Neriene kashmirica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="van Helsdingen, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 303" title="A reclassification of the species of Linyphia Latreille based on the functioning of the genitalia (Araneida, Linyphiidae), I" volume="105" year="1969">van Helsdingen, 1969: 261</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 359-360 (m).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="van Helsdingen, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 303" title="A reclassification of the species of Linyphia Latreille based on the functioning of the genitalia (Araneida, Linyphiidae), I" volume="105" year="1969">van Helsdingen, 1969: 265</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 361-363 (f).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chen, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hubei University (Natural Science Edition)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 5" title="Neriene birmanica (Thorell, 1887) a new record of linyphiid spider from China (Araneae: Linyphiidae)." volume="11" year="1989">Chen, Zhu & Chen, 1989: 1</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1-10 (mf).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chen, XE" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Sci. Tech. Publ. House, Chengdu" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" title="The Sichuan farmland spiders in China" year="1990">Chen, Gao, 1990: 99</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 124
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–j">a-j</normalizedToken>
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(mf).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Song, DX" journalOrPublisher="Hebei Sci. Technol. Publ. House, Shijiazhuang" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" title="The Spiders of China" year="1999">Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 188</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 108
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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, Q (mf).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Ambengana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ambengana complexipalpis" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complexipalpis">Ambengana complexipalpis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Millidge, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1367 - 1404" title="Linyphiidae from rain forests of Southeast Asia." volume="26" year="1992">Millidge, Russell-Smith, 1992: 1387</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 52-55 (mf), syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">CHINA: 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Sichuan Province, Panzhihua City, Miyi County, 10.07.1981 Gao J.C.; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same locality, Chen X.E.; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Yunnan Province, Dehong DaiJingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Ruili City, 16.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 2 ♂, 6 ♀, Yunnan Province, Lincang City, Zhenkang County, Nansan Town, 14.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 1 ♀, Yunnan Province, Honghe Hani and Yi Prefecture, Luchun County, 2.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 3 ♂, 7 ♀, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Menghai County, Daluo Town, 9.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 1 ♂, same province and prefercture, Menghai County, 10.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 1 ♀, Yunnan Province, Honghe Hani and Yi Prefecture, Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County, 30.08.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.; 1 ♀, Yunnan Province, Pu'er Prefecture, Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County, 25.09.2000, Chen, W. H. and Liu, F. X.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Figures 1-2.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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(Thorell, 1887), male from Nansan Town (Yunnan Province, China). 1 male habitus, dorsal view 2 left palp, ventral view. Scale bars =1 mm (1), scale = 0.2 mm (2).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tibia not fusiform, with few spines; paracymbium with narrow distal arm tapering to a sharp tip; hook-shaped tip of distal part of median apophysis curved in ventral direction; transversal and terminal sclerites never present; lateral depressions of the epigyne small and superficial, this species belongs to the peltata-species group (van Helsdingen 1969). It can be distinguished from other members of the peltata-group species by the tiny paracymbium (Fig. 4), the sword-shaped embolic tip (Figs 4, 6), the broad and short terminal apophysis with about one coil (Figs 2, 5), the translucent spot at either side of the uniquely trapeziform atrium opening, the superficially depressed area at either side next to lateral translucent spots (Fig. 9), and the scape forming a rounded mesal projection and spiral grooves of about two coils in the female (Figs 10, 11).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male: Total length: 2.78. Carapace: 1.22 long, 0.94 wide. Abdomen: 1.54 long, 0.98 wide. Carapace brown, unmodified. Eyes subequal. AER recurved, AME-AME shorter than AMEd, AME-ALE slightly longer than AMEd; PER straight, PME-PME about PMEd, PME-PLE slightly longer than PMEd; ALE and PLE juxtaposed. Chelicerae brown, stridulatory ridges absent, promargin of fang groove with three teeth, median tooth largest;, retromargin with three small teeth, first bigger than others. Lengths of legs: I 5.36 (1.47+1.58+1.52+0.79), II 4.90 (1.33+1.43+1.38+0.76), III 4.08 (1.19+1.16+1.08+0.65), IV 4.41 (1.25+1.21+1.29+0.66). Each tibia, patella and femur with two dorsal spines. Tm I: 0.20. Tm IV absent. Abdomen cylindriform, without tubercle; colour and pattern as in Fig. 1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Patella</pageBreakToken>
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short, with long spine dorsally. Tibia shorter than cymbium, with several long spines on lateral and ventral surfaces, and one prodorsal, two retrodorsal trichobothria. Paracymbium tiny, long and slender, U-shaped, slightly membranous (Fig. 4). Median apophysis long, slender in lateral view, with dorsal tip hook-shaped (Figs 4, 7). Lamella well-developed, with four projections: lateral one and posterior one long, lateral one with sharp, membranous end, posterior one with blunt end; anterior one broad, blunt; dorsal one short (Fig. 3). Terminal apophysis simple, broad and short, strongly membranous from prolateral view, with about one coil (Figs 2, 5). Embolus simple, perpendicularly curved at half length, with a sword-shaped end (Figs 4, 6).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
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3-7.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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(Thorell, 1887), male from Nansan Town (Yunnan Province, China). 3 left palp, prolatral view 4 left palp, retrolateral view 5 terminal apophysis, retrolateral view 6 embolus, retrolateral view 7 median apophysis, retrolateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female: Total length: 2.86. Carapace: 1.14 long, 0.69 wide. Abdomen: 1.71 long, 1.30 wide. Carapace brown, unmodified. Eyes subequal. AER recurved, AME-AME shorter than AMEd, AME-ALE slightly shorter than AMEd; PER straight, PME-PME shorter than PMEd, PME-PLE about equal with PME-PME; ALE and PLE juxtaposed. Chelicerae brown, stridulatory ridges absent, promargin of fang groove with three teeth, median tooth largest; retromargin with three equal teeth. Lengths of legs: I 5.27 (1.44+1.61+1.44+0.78), II 4.60 (1.26+1.42+1.23+0.69), III 3.17 (0.93+0.94+0.79+0.51), IV 4.47 (1.37+1.27+1.21+0.62). Each tibia, patella and femur with two dorsal spines. Tm I: 0.22. Tm IV absent. Abdomen oval, without tubercle, the colour and patch see Fig. 8.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">In</pageBreakToken>
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ventral view, atrium opening small, trapeziform. Lateral depression present (Fig. 9). Scape arising from dorsal wall, short, with slightly rounded tip, and with small semi-covered depression on ventral surface (Fig. 10). Spermathecae as long as wide; spiral grooves started from entrances situated in the middle of the ventral wall of either atrium to the apical turning-points, with about two coils; fertilized ducts started from spermathecae, with (about) two coils; turning points situated laterally; spermathecae long and slender, situated laterally (Fig. 11).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Figures 8-11.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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(Thorell, 1887), female from Nansan Town (Yunnan Province, China). 8 female habitus, dorsal view 9 epigynum, ventral view 10 epigynum without skin, ventral view 11 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm (8), scales = 0.2 mm (9, 10, 11).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Although we
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<normalizedToken originalValue="didn’t">didn't</normalizedToken>
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examine the type speciemens of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Ambengana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ambengana complexipalpis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="complexipalpis">Ambengana complexipalpis</taxonomicName>
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, the tiny paracymbium, the sword-shape embolic tip, broad and the short terminal apophysis, the uniquely trapeziform atrium opening shown in the original illustrations (
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<bibRefCitation author="Millidge, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1367 - 1404" title="Linyphiidae from rain forests of Southeast Asia." volume="26" year="1992">Millidge and Russell-Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
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figs 52-54) leave no doubts that our identification is correct. The original illustration of the spermathecae by
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<bibRefCitation author="Millidge, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1367 - 1404" title="Linyphiidae from rain forests of Southeast Asia." volume="26" year="1992">Millidge and Russell-Smith (1992, fig. 55)</bibRefCitation>
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is rather simplified and shows some differences with the specimen of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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we have examined (cf. Fig. 11). However, such the difference does not affect our identification.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution:">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Southeast Asia (India, Kashmir, Myanmar, China, Indonesia) (Fig. 12).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Figure 12 Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Neriene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neriene birmanica" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanica">Neriene birmanica</taxonomicName>
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(Thorell, 1887). Numbers correspond to the localities on the map: 1 China, Sichuan Province, Miyi County 2 China, Yunnan Province, Ruili City 3 China, Yunnan Province, Zhenkang County 4 China, Yunnan Province, Menghai County 5 China, Yunnan Province, Menghai County 6 China, Yunnan Province, Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County 7 China, Yunnan Province, Luchun County 8 China, Yunnan Province, Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County 9 Myanmar, Mawlamyine, Burma 10 Kashmir, Garhi near Jhelum 11 India, Bombay 12 Indonesia, Bali.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |