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241 lines
35 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.65.21000" ID-GBIF-Dataset="03cce405-5887-4474-b040-35de18e8d020" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223672" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="77D7AEC9294554E5BBDCABA37901022A" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1166397" ID-ZooBank="73DEE0F32BB04A21B4455E168FE50F54" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" ModsDocID="1860-1324-65-1-1" checkinTime="1621372489409" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2018" docId="5904440B37A8464112BACD66CDF6D914" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 65(1): 1-63" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 65 (1)" docPubDate="2018-01-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.65.21000" docTitle="Mecyclothorax jeanneli Liebherr 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="77D7AEC9294554E5BBDCABA37901022A" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="77D7AEC9294554E5BBDCABA37901022A" masterDocTitle="Cladistic classification of Mecyclothorax Sharp (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) and taxonomic revision of the New Caledonian subgenus Phacothorax Jeannel" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1643465225333" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cladistic classification of Mecyclothorax Sharp (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) and taxonomic revision of the New Caledonian subgenus Phacothorax Jeannel</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-884X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Cornell University Insect Collection, John H. and Anna B. Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 - 2601, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jkl5@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-01-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>65</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>63</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.65.21000</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.65.21000</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-1-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">73DEE0F32BB04A21B4455E168FE50F54</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">77D7AEC9294554E5BBDCABA37901022A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1166397</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5904440B37A8464112BACD66CDF6D914" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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5.
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" authority="Liebherr" authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli" status="sp. n.">Mecyclothorax jeanneli Liebherr</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figures 9E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 10N-R</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 11D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 12E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 13E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 15</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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The diagnosis for
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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serves to summarize external diagnostic characters for this species (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9D-E</figureCitation>
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). Internally, the male aedeagal median lobe has a much shorter apex in beetles of this species, with the tip extended beyond the apical ostial margin only as much as the width of the median lobe at that point (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
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). The female reproductive tract differs in that the dorsal lobe of the bursa copulatrix is as long as the ventral or principal lobe (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
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), with the spermathecal duct again entering at its apex. Standardized body length 4.4-5.3 mm. Chaetotaxy -/+//+/-//+/1-2/+/+.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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(n = 10). Head capsule narrowly elongate, with large, moderately convex eyes, ocular lobe meeting gena at obtuse angle, a broad shallow groove indicating juncture; 20 ommatidia along horizontal diameter of eye; ocular ratio 1.42-1.51, EyL/EyD = 2.8-3.4; frontal grooves sinuously canaliculate, deepest posterad frontoclypeal suture at a line between posterior margin of antennal fossae, briefly prolonged onto clypeus (as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1B</figureCitation>
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); mandibles elongate, mandibular ratio 1.9; ligular anterior margin angularly rounded to ligular seta, concave between setae, the two setae separated by two setal diameters (as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1I</figureCitation>
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); paraglossae thin, extended as far beyond ligular margin as half of basal length to margin; antennae moderately elongate, antennomere 9 length 2.05
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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maximal breadth; antennomere 3 glabrous except for apical ring of setae. Pronotum vase-shaped, lateral margins meeting base in a smooth convex curve, hind angles nonexistent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9E</figureCitation>
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); MPW/PL = 1.23-1.30; front angles protruded, obtusely rounded; basal margin bordered by broadly convex marginal bead that joins fine lateral marginal beads at very small, shallow laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression fine and shallow on disc, terminated anteriorly at a small depression at position of anterior transverse impression; anterior transverse impression broad, very shallow, traceable to front angles; proepisternum separated from prosternum by a broad shallow groove both anteriorly and ventrally; prosternum with shallow anteapical impression laterally, impression absent from ventral 2/3 of circumference; prosternal process broadly depressed between procoxae, that depression extended anteriorly where it broadens to a depressed anterior face extended nearly to prothoracic anterior margin. Elytra elongate, ovoid, humeri quickly sloping posterad outside humeral angles; MEW/EL = 0.70-0.75; basal groove very briefly recurved laterad scutellum, humeral angle tightly rounded; all striae broad and shallow on disc, intervening intervals only slightly convex; one to two dorsal elytral setae present in third interval, if one, the posterior seta is absent (in 3 of 10 specimens scored); shallow remnants of the sutural stria plus striae 2 and 7 traceable at apex; elytra appressed and conjoined apically, sutural intervals narrower and distinctly upraised at apex. Pterothoracic mesepisternal anterior surface smooth; mesosternal-mesepisternal suture incomplete, obsolete to absent anteriorly (as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Thoracic structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-B. Lateral view of elytral epipleuron and meso-and metapleurites: A, M. laterorectus; B, M. fleutiauxi. C-D. Metathoracic flight wing: C, M. punctipennis, showing fully developed flight wing folded under elytron; D, M. lissus, stenopterous wing rudiment that extends beyond metanotum, rudimentary wing venation present at base of strap. Abbreviations include: mms, mesepisternal-mesosternal suture; msp, mesepimeron; mst, mesepisternum; mtp, metepimeron; mtt, metepisternum." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179959" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3B</figureCitation>
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); metepisternum very foreshortened, maximum width/lateral length = 1.3; metepisternal-metepimeral suture complete. Abdomen with broad crescent-shaped depression along suture between first and second ventrite, second ventrite broadly depressed behind crescent; suture between second and third ventrites reduced though traceable laterally; ventrites 2-6 with broad, shallow, linear plaques near lateral margin. Microsculpture of frons distinct, a mix of isodiametric and transverse sculpticells; pronotal disc and base covered with elongate transverse mesh, sculpticells on disc 3-4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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broad as long, those on base somewhat less broad, surface iridescent; elytra iridescent, disc covered with transverse-line microsculpture, apex with transverse lines loosely joined into a transverse mesh.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(n = 23). Antecostal margin of abdominal mediotergite IX robust distally, broadly angulate and obliquely truncate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10O</figureCitation>
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); right paramere very elongate, apical half narrowed to a whiplike extension (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">11D</figureCitation>
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), five setae along ventral margin well separated from apical pair of setae, dorsal surface glabrous; left paramere broadly quadrate basally, distinctly narrowed to a whiplike extension; aedeagal median lobe moderately gracile, apical half evenly narrowed to tip that protrudes less than its dorsoventral dimension beyond the apex of the ostial opening (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
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); aedeagal internal sac bilobed, the dorsal lobe subequal to the apical lobe (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10Q</figureCitation>
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), a small crescent-shaped structure with lightly sclerotized outer margin-interpreted as a reduced flagellar sheath-dorsad gonopore on apical lobe. There is less variation among males with regard to extension of the median lobe apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
|
||
) - understandable due to the generally shorter extension-and this variation is not geographically associated. Thus the species geographic limits include all populations lying south and east of Mt. Humboldt (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3488455" doi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 15" startId="F16">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Recorded geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including population samples
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
northwest of dashed boundary) and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including population samples
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F-K</emphasis>
|
||
southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
, Me Maoya;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
, Rembai;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
, Gelima;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
, Mt. Do;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
, Ningua. Sampled population localities for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
|
||
, Mt. Humboldt, 1300-1600 m;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H</emphasis>
|
||
, Mt. Ouin;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I</emphasis>
|
||
, Mt. Dzumac;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">J</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rivière">Riviere</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bleue;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">K</emphasis>
|
||
, Mts. Koghis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female reproductive tract</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 8). Bursa copulatrix bilobate, a broad ventral lobe complemented by narrower dorsal lobe of subequal length, dorsal lobe bearing spermathecal duct at apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
|
||
); bursal walls moderately thick, wrinkled, semitranslucent; spermathecal duct that enters apex of bursal dorsal lobe slightly broader than spermathecal reservoir, and about twice length of reservoir, spermathecal gland duct entering onto apex of spermathecal reservoir; well-developed ligular apophysis present on common oviduct as far distant from base of common oviduct as apex of ventral bursal lobe; basal gonocoxite 1 with apical fringe of two setae, a few microsetae near apicomedial margin of gonocoxite complementing very few medial setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13E</figureCitation>
|
||
); apical gonocoxite 2 falciform with an elongate laterobasal extension, basal width more than 0.75
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length; lateral ensiform setae elongate and broad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Types</emphasis>
|
||
- Holotype male (MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA.9944 / 22°11
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="’Sx166°01’">'Sx
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="166.01666">166°01'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
[sic, crossed out and hand corrected to 31'E] / Mt Koghi, 750m / 29Nov2000.GB Monteith / Pyrethrum, trunks&logs // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: Nov. 2003 / No. LEN-1686 (green label) // HOLOTYPE /
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">Mecyclothorax jeanneli</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ J.K.Liebherr 2017 (black-bordered red label). The type locality longitude is incorrect on the label, and is corrected (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Google Earth Pro" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Zoology" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" publicationUrl="https://earth.google.com/" refId="B30" refString="Google Earth Pro, 2017. Earth version 7.1.8.3036, https://earth.google.com/" title="Earth version 7.1.8.3036," url="https://earth.google.com/" year="2017">Google Earth Pro 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paratypes (156 specimens; EMEC, HNHM, MNHW, NHMW, QMB): see Suppl. material 2.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
This species epithet is a patronym honoring Dr.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="René">Rene</normalizedToken>
|
||
Jeannel, whose extensive body of literature dominates 20th Century carabidology. Dr.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeannel’s">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
early and perspicacious appreciation of Wegenerian historical biogeography was ground breaking in Entomology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="B41" refString="Jeannel, R, 1942. La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." title="La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." year="1942">Jeannel 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and we have yet to test fully the biogeographic hypotheses he proposed in his many contributions. More close to home, the necessity of examining the male genitalia to determine
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus its sister species,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reiterates Dr.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeannel’s">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
pioneering research on the underlying homologies of insect genitalia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="B43" refString="Jeannel, R, 1955. L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." title="L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." year="1955">Jeannel 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and his extensive use of insect genitalia to diagnose species (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="84 - 86" refId="B42" refString="Jeannel, R, 1944. Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 10: 84 - 86" title="Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie." volume="10" year="1944">Jeannel 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
This species is distributed in the southern end of Grand Terre, from Mt. Humboldt on the north to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
Nord on the south (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
|
||
), allopatric to the northerly range of its adelphotaxon,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These beetles are known from any even greater altitudinal range than
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with recorded elevations ranging 160-1600 m. As with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the vast majority (150 of 156 specimens) have been collected on
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">tree</pageBreakToken>
|
||
trunks or downed logs, most via application of pyrethrin spray. A series of 31specimens was taken during one collecting event through spray application onto a moss-covered trunk (QMB). Thus, like
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species is associated with emergent plant substrates, not the ground-level litter microhabitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |