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<document id="A33991B6F79E500094B70921261F4584" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9945" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4dbddd91-ec23-463e-a63e-a65fb86777d9" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-257" ID-ZooBank="1B04381F6D274365A973A47B4AB8841E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1860-0743-2-257" ModsDocOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 92 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Species delimitation methods put into taxonomic practice: two new Madascincus species formerly allocated to historical species names (Squamata, Scincidae)" checkinTime="1481109446180" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Miralles, Aurelien, Koehler, Joern, Glaw, Frank &amp; Vences, Miguel" docDate="2016" docId="36CD681003D144E9DB0595A19EF5F423" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 92(2): 257-275" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 92 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9945" docTitle="Madascincus miafina Miralles, Koehler, Glaw &amp; Vences, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DAC928B3-73CF-4653-B8A3-B7A4E17DFF50" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="264" masterDocId="A51BFFFAA876FFC8FF83E307FFDFFF9C" masterDocTitle="Species delimitation methods put into taxonomic practice: two new Madascincus species formerly allocated to historical species names (Squamata, Scincidae)" masterLastPageNumber="275" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="259" updateTime="1701315861143" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0728CB2C456918CD54C86E7D839A7BC8">Species delimitation methods put into taxonomic practice: two new Madascincus species formerly allocated to historical species names (Squamata, Scincidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A48CEE039E23CE1D48257CFEE66DB424">Miralles, Aurelien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CD1DBAE917B96B4761C7FB09C6687A17">Koehler, Joern</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0617C62F1CA4B6115A2D16CEBAA96A23">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C38EA00FE17D41199A39FE542B1BB9A2">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="36CD681003D144E9DB0595A19EF5F423" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127888933" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DAC928B3-73CF-4653-B8A3-B7A4E17DFF50" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36CD681003D144E9DB0595A19EF5F423" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<subSubSection id="81BD51BF7386249D7F6C9250D241A221" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7E932FF601A463A78B736F77A12D1683" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="BB1938946E5A4EF3CCE54D174441D38B" ID-CoL="8GS4C" LSID="http://zoobank.org/DAC928B3-73CF-4653-B8A3-B7A4E17DFF50" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09255509B5606C2C6E0981727FF9D6FE" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 3B, 4J, K
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="04568F0D1BFE9D3C23B32DAC82C80E98" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="materail">
<paragraph id="64D3B92A844241097CB62F07526EC53E" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B46F815B4B59B7F74BACA109B9701CA3" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
ZSM 1562/2008 (FGZC 1658), adult male, from near Petit Tsingy,
<geoCoordinate id="62462797F4CE989FE44C25DCB1E70717" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-12.956944">
12°57
<normalizedToken id="878ECA70BA29F45BFC95957E260ACD42" originalValue="’25’’">'25''</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CA8C8694F0C16D93A0DB17880D06AA4B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="49.118332">
49°07
<normalizedToken id="DA4E391B46FECC59624B974D4DA1AB38" originalValue="’06’’">'06''</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
, 90 m above sea level, Ankarana Special Reserve, Antsiranana province, north Madagascar, collected on 16 February 2008 by M. Franzen, F. Glaw, J.
<normalizedToken id="B487AB4D9F8E1393C17CF3E75B4A2B05" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
and Z. Nagy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="245203CB3EC0519BF52A436DBF583384" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="materail">
<paragraph id="1E2320E9ABDA1247F094F1E409C5B06C" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Paratypes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C6AF3D7783B9328CEC9A61963903C44" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
(n=23, all from Antsiranana province, northern Madagascar). ZSM 242/2004 (FGZC 474), 245/2004 (FGZC 480), Montagne des
<normalizedToken id="5F42E2B4FDEAADE2957BAB677FE71F06" originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8C1D0E28E63F0488E20B5D44FE703587" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-12.326111">
12°19
<normalizedToken id="31072DC5CF99A5C715B0BC0709556E6D" originalValue="’34’’">'34''</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DC243E5090E0D778DA1CDE12DEDA1CF3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="49.33583">
49°20
<normalizedToken id="91512EB72E30C4E229330E5363CFAC89" originalValue="’09’’">'09''</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
, 334 m a.s.l., coll. on 23 and 24 February 2004 by F. Glaw, M. Puente and R.D. Randrianiaina; UADBA uncatalogued (FGZC, 1788, 1789), Montagne des
<normalizedToken id="F78E9A35F8CD6B52B47B1B9982AC598C" originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
, coll. by Frontier staff at unknown date; ZSM 1571/2008 (FGZC 1766), 1572/2008 (FGZC 1844), Baie des Sakalava (ca. 5 km SE Ramena),
<geoCoordinate id="35248BAD1197D6949ADFE065199717AA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.27285">12°16.371'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="43EF15A2E50E3E191F5725F22041BCE9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.388966">49°23.338'E</geoCoordinate>
, 28 m a.s.l., coll. on 22 and 26 February 2008 by S. Megson; ZSM 1573-1577/2008 (FGZC 1678, 1680, 1687, 1836, 1838), UADBA uncatalogued (FGZC 0481, 1677, 1684, 1762, 1763, 1835), Montagne des
<normalizedToken id="FC872A41F8A2C2B3F10B7AB6CDDB24C7" originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
(pitfall lines 1, 2 &amp; 5, no coordinates available), coll. on 19 and 25 February 2008 by N.
<normalizedToken id="E65A8EF259F97F12575F350185D09707" originalValue="D’Cruze">D'Cruze</normalizedToken>
and local collectors; ZSM 259/2004, Montagne des
<normalizedToken id="D979EAC15AB5625A78D81A861B96E48F" originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
, coll. on 18-28 February 2004 by F. Glaw, M. Puente, R.D. Randrianiaina and A. Razafimanantsoa; ZSM 1570/2008 (FGZC 1917), Ampombofofo region,
<geoCoordinate id="392E652873DECC1B3864F2C5DEBC0BB7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.09285">12°05.571'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CC7DC95859923B414993347F6C8361F4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.31725">49°19.035'E</geoCoordinate>
(trapsite 5), coll. on 23 February 2007 by S. Megson; ZSM 1563/2008 (FGZC 1827), same data as holotype, but collected by a local assistant on 24 February 2008; UADBA uncatalogued (FGZC 1742, 1768, 1840), Orangea, coll. in February 2008 by S. Megson.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DD774DFE3A0F166062848995A3559CB" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="materail">
<paragraph id="9D9D0D7A05964BBC906C91F64ACEE5FD" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F97265DC5343AB612E1535F531457ED" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">(n=2, not sequenced). MNHN 1897.31, Diego Suarez; MNHN 1980.1169, Bemanevika, Plateau Bealanana.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1507680F8E402CCC43F2E0BC1C02D783" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" type="chresonyms">
<paragraph id="8BDAC71290E8BB0409A0F362DE5BB6F7" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Chresonyms.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DC586116112FF924ECE0777B0BB5E49" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="A6FC5BC1427A176CFE9F1F90C9094C35" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Scelotes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelotes intermedius" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">Scelotes intermedius</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="32B28BB2BB0C65DE1DBF677C74966626" author="Brygoo, ER" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Section A" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" pagination="1193 - 1204" title="Systematique des lezards scincides de la region malgache. IX. Nouvelles unites taxinomiques pour les Scelotes s. l." volume="3" year="1981">Brygoo (1981</bibRefCitation>
, partim);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FBDBD106FE8364AD2285A771611B9E71" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="C1B7520763FE9D3B1A901F0776CAE056" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Amphiglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphiglossus intermedius" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">Amphiglossus intermedius</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="55753BFDB17F4B02F50B7130EFDBD6F6" author="Brygoo, ER" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Section A" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" pagination="779 - 789" title="Systematique des lezards scincides de la region malgache. XV. Gongylusigneocaudatus A. Grandidier, 1867, et Scelotesintermedius Boettger, 1913. Les Amphiglossus du groupe igneocaudatus." volume="6" year="1984">Brygoo (1984</bibRefCitation>
, partim);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DF19796EC7AB7AAB9EFC3B437AB3D12" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="878FD984CFB21F282EC25B58B61DD1B5" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus intermedius" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">Madascincus intermedius</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="A8746DBBC594BCD78189D94B67CB3838" author="Glaw, F" journalOrPublisher="Vences &amp; Glaw Verlag, Cologne" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" title="A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Madagascar. Third edition." year="2007">Glaw and Vences (2007</bibRefCitation>
, partim);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B859042DACD10B42A6148E68F6C65395" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="900A05D153A06870EDF304E4A562CFF4" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
&quot;clade 1
<normalizedToken id="0A493C566DFD268B7E116C02804ED5B0" originalValue="”–">&quot;-</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="E199E93B8405759239EC1AF1C7C31B4C" author="Miralles, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" pagination="47 - 67" title="A new large and colorful skink of the genus Amphiglossus from Madagascar revealed by morphology and multilocus molecular study." volume="2918" year="2011 b">Miralles et al. (2011b)</bibRefCitation>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CF9C1D5CC840FC48B5CF4C49E927C673" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="EDD156C29DBB4A60D4AB7FCE4C131A71" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="DEB76BF6F8155599D595804610D9EAA1" lsidName="polleni" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" rank="species" species="polleni">polleni</taxonomicName>
-N clade&quot; -
<bibRefCitation id="654BF88F4BCD28BAB68527227A797DD2" author="Miralles, A" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" title="New metrics for comparison of taxonomies reveal striking discrepancies among species delimitation methods in Madascincus lizards." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0068242" volume="8" year="2013">Miralles and Vences (2013)</bibRefCitation>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45C74A0489DB863D3D666C3B10039534" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
<taxonomicName id="7846FC48DC73D0DC6B54B48196FE5D41" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Madascincus</taxonomicName>
sp. &quot;
<taxonomicName id="48C1EC51B834852F991BEEA245946D7D" lsidName="polleni" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" rank="species" species="polleni">polleni</taxonomicName>
&quot; northern clade -
<bibRefCitation id="39F89064B08B4924934601AEA1DA3DD8" author="Miralles, A" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" title="Distinct patterns of desynchronized limb regression in Malagasy scincine lizards (Squamata, Scincidae)." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0126074" volume="10" year="2015">Miralles et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0C29179C952C57DD25CD80829A12836" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3C007D1066A18152939639388177908F" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
<pageBreakToken id="354984CC08E973F74448854C6DCEEED8" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B827B018CA54562771346D1C6B53FF1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
A member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="0C5F9FDD36509C16CC0F37BBA30E0CE0" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Madascincus</taxonomicName>
based on its molecular phylogenetic relationships (see Fig. 1). Within the genus
<taxonomicName id="C0F878A04AB6C0238FF0F98CDA7490DC" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Madascincus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BBD0D043A391C524FFC49C274C163D34" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from all its congeners by the following combination of characters: medium body size with a maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 61.0 mm (versus, in smaller species, a maximum SVL of 33.6 mm in
<taxonomicName id="1A8E49667302104477825C1332069A5A" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex, 47.4 mm in
<taxonomicName id="546594008680ABAE08A9F28C69C59179" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
, 50.5 mm in
<taxonomicName id="787EBDA27EC696C91A4731754666CEF2" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">Madascincus ankodabensis</taxonomicName>
, 53.5 mm in
<taxonomicName id="BEEB2E744B669E71866559B1DA1DAE5B" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
); 65-79 rows of paravertebral scales (versus 51-62 in
<taxonomicName id="4D906C1901AB24244B497C94615D3B22" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
, 57-65 in
<taxonomicName id="D57A2C2A1F281A0E2FB40B6B5C23AC7E" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
, 52-62 in
<taxonomicName id="D7AB9D3FF6FE8AE1090B5C16F47D93B9" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">Madascincus ankodabensis</taxonomicName>
, 60-65 in
<taxonomicName id="A0650D8D48D34487927429B1914233D1" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
, and 50-57 in
<taxonomicName id="47D9562040857CA203F3585EB3FAB961" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex); 65-73 rows of ventral scales (versus 55-63 in
<taxonomicName id="4752B19E5D8685E2D86C8313810249EF" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
, 56-61 in
<taxonomicName id="71D8E5A400F3ED35719F1A8A90D9217F" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
, 52-60 in
<taxonomicName id="5F3EE5B7A16095C2891D1C3CE9B0357F" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex, 59-63 in
<taxonomicName id="98AB56C7E351AABA9D29A873401D140F" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">
<pageBreakToken id="53CDBBD82F306E8BFE2E7874E1BD4F46" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" start="start">Madascincus</pageBreakToken>
ankodabensis
</taxonomicName>
, 63-66 in
<taxonomicName id="893293ACB1E59563680CE32A02699EE5" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
, 73-78 in
<taxonomicName id="190931DD2D24C5C207FE64130147277B" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
, 74-78 in
<taxonomicName id="E8DB89271F06D6CC0E66BAA750F9771D" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
and 75-80 in
<taxonomicName id="75A8C7D87C33BFD498B0F023FFEACC97" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
); 18-23 subdigital lamellae under the fourth toes (versus 5-8 in
<taxonomicName id="CE6F76A045C4E379B249232D1C0E664B" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex, 9-13 in
<taxonomicName id="10EAE9654132F0176435E1B48D8B0E7D" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
, 12-15 in
<taxonomicName id="55BEEEB322FCD3FB2E9D7FF186A2E207" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">Madascincus ankodabensis</taxonomicName>
, 12-16 in
<taxonomicName id="1B18E4B92B015C76DB4F736D67C1C84B" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
and 15-18 in
<taxonomicName id="7CC89ADF718D56BDD834F92C36D5538C" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
); 24-26 rows of scales around midbody (versus in
<taxonomicName id="C8CCA6EC641B49A588B68DDA08C50091" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex, 28-30 in
<taxonomicName id="3F4B14C330C81F253D1DFF1BFC240C9A" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
, 22-24 in
<taxonomicName id="0D0897B31F8254BFBEE21CE8A41F58B2" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
and 30-32 in
<taxonomicName id="CF4DA45C17DF89ABA0EF51FD028F114F" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus stumpffi" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stumpffi">
<pageBreakToken id="650DB9D1158ECBA5743B1D5B1A8DAD51" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" start="start">Madascincus</pageBreakToken>
stumpffi
</taxonomicName>
); pentadactyl forelimbs (versus 3-5 digits in
<taxonomicName id="35459D0D3C5CF17A8CF973F6A461A955" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
complex); and most often (89.3%) the presence of postnasal scales (always absent in
<taxonomicName id="5F116397A776709253C7DD73AFB8A919" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
). The frontal is bell-shaped (versus hourglass-shaped in
<taxonomicName id="2BB481E7D51601DB9748781A6C98AB6D" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus nanus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">Madascincus nanus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5A766F2FB61739968529B3C3243F9850" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4DD1EEE36B7BF3020FD4AF9BD1BD4C13" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="27899FF633BCD52529701E757DFDF406" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">Madascincus ankodabensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1C3CD2A412D6736430C7301B790E2D89" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
, and in half (52.8%) of the specimens examined of
<taxonomicName id="0D62CBD033F9A0F37F2886C34F955E65" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus stumpffi" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stumpffi">Madascincus stumpffi</taxonomicName>
); the frontal is always separated from the interparietal (versus most often (87.5%) fused in
<taxonomicName id="B8C8DCFA43FECE18463E7F8C9B7CFD7D" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
). The lower eyelid window is scaly (versus spectacled in
<taxonomicName id="0C76F7C7438586432CD655150ED0C2D5" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus igneocaudatus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneocaudatus">Madascincus igneocaudatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6E0FA41C8FC765F6599BE32857D7F5E8" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="04A67FCF21271F87DACA1279BD535156" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="53FEAEE93E6965B299D23374920032E8" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus melanopleura" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanopleura">Madascincus melanopleura</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B84DE38123A6D30049EECF29DE440EE0" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus ankodabensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ankodabensis">Madascincus ankodabensis</taxonomicName>
); absence in most specimens (92.3%) of a single row of enlarged nuchal scales (versus presence of at least two rows in
<taxonomicName id="9162E4255BF324FF00B3B53EDF115DA6" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus igneocaudatus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneocaudatus">Madascincus igneocaudatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2C4DB7DBCCB66257678F4E0338FE7AC1" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BA75DEB5B1B8C2A8B53D7794FE912C2D" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus minutus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Madascincus minutus</taxonomicName>
). More generally,
<taxonomicName id="E51F3DFA08E56F41DE30750CE8BEC8FA" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all the other species (with exception of
<taxonomicName id="CC70A6E02CBE73AFAAEBB6CE609E364A" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
) by its apparently very conserved pattern of coloration, characterized by a single pair of lateral dark brown stripes relatively large and well-defined anteriorly, then progressively breaking up into two parallel very thin dashed lines posteriorly to forelimbs, hardly distinguishable from the rest of the dots covering the body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="80DD1EDE9C897518A35682E73950319D" pageId="5" pageNumber="262">
<taxonomicName id="0C6917FDA29E4310AE61C7D1426FAB26" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
differs from its sister species
<taxonomicName id="1C3AC48A1D198E1815386DEC6C63DC5A" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
by a paler coloration, with lateral lines well defined anteriorly, becoming one - or two parallel - very thin dashed line posteriorly to forelimbs (versus a very contrasted coloration in
<taxonomicName id="1A9E441746A2061037CCDBD48EADD7E5" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
, characterized by the presence of a pair of two-scale wide dark lateral lines extending from snout to hindlimbs, well defined all along the body) and by a relatively shorter snout, rounded in lateral aspect (versus a relatively long snout, acute in lateral aspect, in
<taxonomicName id="B906FCE33016A380B329FE577D1E0D01" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
). It also differs by a lower number of ventral scales (65-73 vs. 75-80 in
<taxonomicName id="92EF40919FEBA2F1C43888A157466E62" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
). Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="8711DA39F6131E094AD6DA5D161A163B" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
is one of the few species (together with
<taxonomicName id="2A0D950BCC9C128420D2DCE438D5BEA1" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus pyrurus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrurus">Madascincus pyrurus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E17F6289D403EDF433E85E83F0010544" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus igneocaudatus" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneocaudatus">Madascincus igneocaudatus</taxonomicName>
) in which the tail might be bright red in some specimens (see also Tables 1 and 2). Morphologically, the species most similar to
<taxonomicName id="76930751AA35F56011AEB2D765BDB172" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="2F03757DAB4E1FB2D4749F3902377378" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
(including its junior synonym
<taxonomicName id="BB903B99FB0039FAA017DA42CB52D451" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus intermedius" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">Madascincus intermedius</taxonomicName>
); this species is identical in coloration, body shape, and body size to
<taxonomicName id="8AEDAF2845BD6C861DCCA55F3E8B4CAD" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus miafina" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miafina">Madascincus miafina</taxonomicName>
despite not being the direct sister species, differing only by the number of ventrals (see above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="501BB9C2F88477CBA5DA47794409BA47" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="5" pageNumber="262" type="description">
<paragraph id="C532164B6351EF7D67078B870720A664" pageId="5" pageNumber="262">Description of the holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F73E771F0EF1C59CE38B957103FF74E" pageId="5" pageNumber="262">
(Fig. 3B). ZSM 1562/2008 (FGZC 1658). Adult male, with both hemipenes everted. Good state of preservation, with exception of a little circular sampling incision on the left flank (ca. 5 mm of diameter). SVL (57.0 mm) 7.5 times head length (7.6 mm), almost as long as tail (79.1 mm, apparently entire and not regenerated). Limbs relatively short: SVL 5.6-5.8 times front limb length (9.9-10.2 mm) and 3.2-3.3 times hind limb length (17.3-18.0 mm). Snout relatively short and rounded on lateral aspect, with a rostral tip bluntly rounded in dorsal aspect. Rostral wider than high/long, contacting first supralabials, nasals, and supranasals. Paired supranasals in median contact, contacting loreals. Frontonasal roughly triangular, wider than long, contacting loreals, first supraciliaries and first suproculars. Prefrontals absent. Frontal approximately as wide as long, wider posteriorly, in contact with frontonasal, supraoculars, parietals and interparietal. Supraoculars four, all of them in contact with frontal; subequal in size, except for the posteriormost pair that is significantly smaller; the first pair not constricting frontal (frontal bell-shaped sensu
<bibRefCitation id="CB3C6FC5EE6D4023064C6FBA19E4AA95" author="Andreone, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" pagination="139 - 181" title="Malagasy scincid lizards: descriptions of nine new species, with notes on the morphology, reproduction and taxonomy of some previously described species (Reptilia, Squamata: Scincidae)." url="10.1017/S0952836902001280" volume="258" year="2002">Andreone and Greer 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Frontoparietals absent. Interparietal longer than wide, well separated from supraoculars; parietal eyespot present with parietal eye evident. Parietals contact posterior to interparietal. Absence of enlarged nuchals. Nasals just slightly larger than nostrils; contacting rostral, first supralabials, postnasals and supranasals. Postnasals present, separating supranasals from first supralabials, and nasals from loreals. Loreal single, slightly higher than long. Preocular trapezoidal, longer than high, single. Presubocular roughly square, single. Six supraciliaries on both sides, in continuous row; first and last pairs significantly larger and longer than the intermediate ones; last pair projecting onto supraocular shelf. Upper palpebrals small except for last which projects dorsomedially. Pretemporals two, both contacted by parietal. Postsuboculars two; upper contacting lower pretemporal; both contacting penultimate supralabial. Lower eyelid moveable, scaly; lower palpebrals small, longer than high, interdigitating with large polygonal scales of central eyelid. Contact between upper palpebrals and supraciliaries seemingly direct but flexible, i.e. palpebral cleft narrow. Primary temporal single. Secondary temporals two; upper long, contacting lower pretemporal anteriorly and overlapping lower secondary temporal ventrally. Two tertiary temporals bordering lower secondary temporal. Supralabials six, with the fourth being the enlarged subocular, contacting scales of the lower eyelid. Postsupralabial single. External ear opening round, without lobules. Mental wider than long, posterior margin convex. Postmental wider than long, contacting first two pairs of infralabials. Infralabials six. Three pairs of large chin scales, both members of first pair in contact, both members of second pair separated by a single median scale, and members of third pair separated by three scale rows. No scales extending between infralabials and large chin scales; two asymmetrical postgenials posterolaterally in contact with the third pair of chin scales. Gulars similar in size and outline to ventrals. All scales, except head shields and scales on palms, soles, and digits, cycloid, smooth, and imbricate; longitudinal scale rows at midbody 24; paravertebrals 68, similar in size to adjacent scales; ventrals 68. Inner preanals overlapped by outer. Both pairs of limbs pentadactyl; fingers and toes relatively short, clawed; relative length of toes in the following order: I&lt;II&lt;V&lt;III&lt;IV. Subdigital lamellae smooth, single, with 8 under right fourth finger and 7 under left fourth finger, 18 under right fourth toe, and 20 under left fourth toe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E9FECE0C2C1BB66CBD73401244608B6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="5" pageNumber="262">
Coloration of the holotype in preservative with a pair of lateral dark brown stripes (about two scales wide on the neck) relatively large and well defined anteriorly (overlapping rostral, mental, first four supralabials, loreals, and presuboculars), then progressively breaking up into two parallel very thin dashed lines posteriorly
<pageBreakToken id="2F6E3861A7BFA3A1CADCFBACE69AB5A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="263" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
forelimbs, hardly distinguishable from the rest of the dots covering the body. Dorsum and dorsal sides of forelimbs, hindlimbs and tail light bronze. The bronze dorsal field and flanks are covered by numerous little dark dots, each of them in the middle of a dorsal scale, in contact with its posterior edge; resulting in many thin dash lines (14 to 16 at midbody, including the dark lateral stripes), darker and more contrasted in the posterior part of the dorsum, then posteriorly becoming progressively indistinguishable from the background coloration of tail, and laterally, becoming progressively indistinguishable from the light coloration of the ventral field. No distinct border between the background coloration of the dorsal and the ventral sides. Immaculate whitish ventral field extending from lower side of head (mental excluded), throat, lower side of limbs and venter, to the ventral side of tail. Palms and soles barely darker than venter. Coloration in life was almost identical to the coloration in preservative, with the only significant difference being the presence of iridescent glints of scales and a venter with some violet-pinkish tint (cf. Figs 4J, K).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="23DBD794D2EB7F651594C75856A431C4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="6" pageNumber="263" type="variation">
<paragraph id="AAA98ED6AB158D70214E03D483A8D059" pageId="6" pageNumber="263">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7FACDA7E7D03BB1F65EA66F41A66868" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="264" pageId="6" pageNumber="263">
For variation in measurements and scale characters see Table 1. Some variation is evident with respect
<pageBreakToken id="63A48874B7B8B3478027397D61EC4515" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
overall dorsal and tail coloration. The paratype from Ankarana was more or less similar to the holotype described above, with a bronze dorsal color predominating the dorsum and tail. At Montagne des
<normalizedToken id="9A9D703AB8C2CBF760A06B907916260C" originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
, specimens were generally darker, with a bronze-brown dorsal coloration and a reddish brown tail dorsally and red-orange tail ventrally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="462655134A939E752A2F4E0E75FF1A66" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7129DEF05C408D84375207D359D50387" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E09707F89D7A9F9B8003B8430262CF7E" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="014B4B2A17755493849FBDE74D7D214F" lsidName="miafina" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" rank="species" species="miafina">miafina</taxonomicName>
is the Malagasy word for
<normalizedToken id="180F45396D906CFE6FF34D5AAFE501FD" originalValue="“secretive”">&quot;secretive&quot;</normalizedToken>
. The name refers to the secretive habits of the species, as all specimens were exclusively trapped by pitfalls and never observed in situ, as well as to the fact that this species was hidden behind several other taxon names in use and could only be discovered by an integrative taxonomic approach. The name is treated as an invariable noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5A50CFBEE23FB5D6D3885BDDFC2F7AC" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="15C8F239538411D21BA6BF2B5497BBF9" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">Distribution, habitat and habits.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="448F1FFDF5F9A6B0DC1BA856C0625E21" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">
The species is known from northernmost Madagascar including at least four localities (see localities of type specimens above and Fig. 5) with karstic outcrops and sandy soils. The species apparently has nocturnal and secretive habits, as all specimens were exclusively caught by pitfall trapping overnight in forest or shrub areas. The species can therefore be considered to represent a leaf litter dweller. The new species occurs in sympatry with
<taxonomicName id="28C80F3C27F71F9756524821182C4E50" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DD90CA803852CF180FCC6FF547A5DBC9" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus stumpffi" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stumpffi">Madascincus stumpffi</taxonomicName>
. Hence, it appears to tolerate a rather wide range of habitat conditions, whereas
<taxonomicName id="73209C4F451B6DFC6965B760A0C54417" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus arenicola" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenicola">Madascincus arenicola</taxonomicName>
exclusively occurs on sandy soils and
<taxonomicName id="CC9EE347E3EF40117874C182F5A5782E" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus stumpffi" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stumpffi">Madascincus stumpffi</taxonomicName>
seems to be restricted to forests. Nothing else is known on the natural history of the new species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="031DC6FDFDFD8503262B20ECCFF5AB92" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">
<paragraph id="0192CA2F63CF831E46179C79D306C6DD" pageId="7" pageNumber="264">
Figure 5. Distribution maps for
<taxonomicName id="8FF21132CDA4A7B3A0259FB2302DB616" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Madascincus</taxonomicName>
species. Colored dots are representing localities sampled in the molecular studies by
<bibRefCitation id="D7EB78673618008F0A98D40B60971C7C" author="Miralles, A" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" title="New metrics for comparison of taxonomies reveal striking discrepancies among species delimitation methods in Madascincus lizards." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0068242" volume="8" year="2013">Miralles and Vences (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, whereas white dots are representing localities of specimens only identified by morphology, and/or type localities. For
<taxonomicName id="FD10888A00A4CEF65B0B97468298FC9A" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
, another locality has been added based on a recent paper from
<bibRefCitation id="7306F308D0C43F6AEA33BCA7D7E5F3F0" author="Rakotoarison, A" journalOrPublisher="Herpetology Notes" pageId="13" pageNumber="270" pagination="535 - 543" title="Amphibian and reptile records from around the Betsiboka delta area in North-Western Madagascar." volume="8" year="2015">Rakotoarison et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
, who have collected an additional specimen (ZCMV 14157) in Mitsinjo forest in north-western Madagascar (
<geoCoordinate id="7E1626A8BF8E277702EF3ED1F854A7EC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.048471">
16°02
<normalizedToken id="5B53BA28996D523124D2245E84F9ECD0" originalValue="’54.5”">'54.5&quot;</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E41E4DD768B4C19284F3D21F2B28B552" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.790028">
45°47
<normalizedToken id="02350A0E79843DFB7428DF8D53BAE8DE" originalValue="’24.1”">'24.1&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
). The identity of this specimen is confirmed by both its morphological characteristics and its phylogenetic position inferred from a segment of the 16S rRNA gene (nested within the
<taxonomicName id="7A828EA16DC4A22DD5419BBC5ADF9579" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus polleni" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polleni">Madascincus polleni</taxonomicName>
clade, and closely related to the population of Ankarafanstika, GenBank accession number KR025911). Note that for some species,especially
<taxonomicName id="4A252C57FACAFF42245B090838169391" class="Squamata" family="Scincidae" genus="Madascincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madascincus mouroundavae" pageId="7" pageNumber="264" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mouroundavae">Madascincus mouroundavae</taxonomicName>
, additional verified localities exist but these are here excluded for consistency because no samples were examined in the framework of the present study.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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