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<document id="816DAF148672678E7BD5AAC0B33168B3" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217065" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722603420905" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Karstedt, Fernanda, Bergemann, Sarah E., Gates, Genevieve, Ratkowsky, David, Cunha, Kelmer Martins &amp; Capelari, Marina" docDate="2024" docId="19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.654.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 654 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Entoloma amazonicum Karstedt &amp; Capelari, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="E56E231A76100C6FFFC28B04BF42A566" masterDocTitle="Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1722810591406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A3442DA305E24C3C806A7EBBA19AF8C7">
<mods:title id="8DABB30C0C7247C803CCEC7D53225BFF">Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D079E7D834F0511E69837A677516EA73">Karstedt, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6DBD23B8D1FA56DECBEFE8A78B122B02">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6AD8B58BE560346BC951C6A0BFDD574C">Bergemann, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3A7ED4DDF5E31AC1395946BE2E04F1A2">Middle Tennessee State University, Biology Department, PO Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A454B0542AA6952C8B88EC1D2FB4A0A5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AFA55937D1F8FADFF239EBBE0602EB5D">Gates, Genevieve</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="968ED674588EC98A1FF885283CC629B9">9 Winmarleigh Ave, Taroona, Tasmania, 7053, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="36C0FB4BA0BB1FC5BC8C6118A6F2CE34">Ratkowsky, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1AF2BFB7FBF78F8D05CAB2C3E8A193FF">Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2A9212629F32A32021DE8DA916994223">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="37835FBB403208CB6D80A15BD9A8E6C6">Cunha, Kelmer Martins</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C0ABA4FB160F747C9B296EA93248EFF" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2140-9916</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EF9AEAF4770DBF36C1D60E1EA7F4C52E">MIND. Funga / MICOLAB, Botany Department, Santa Catarina Federal University, 88040 - 900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. * Correspondence to: fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2140 - 9916 sarah. bergemann @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7875 - 2040 ggggates @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9561 - 7788 d. ratkowsky @ utas. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7514 - 3570 kelmermartinscunha @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0545 - 5966 mcapelariibot @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0001 - 0737 - 3681</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="299DC601118F0CDE1546E534393D98A6" type="email">fernanda.karstedt@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="061A9DAB392FDE6768B5B0CBAFBEC1EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B6756FCE735E65FA5913A7F282060743">Capelari, Marina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="80B671DCD09FB2DAACD2E5763D90E5A3">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="89F36F5A0A9B8D7D364AD376E3A18A77">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="16E41EA3221C3AC47558EEEA7468DD4F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="291611F93A41983A7BFA89EC9B88DCE1">2024-06-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A63CFAD6D723B5ED5E852B247135CD38">654</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="74902FD6031DD8CA08C02B4BFFFC03C1">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6C610416951AF9E6CE251F9A4AEFB283">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EB13926633EDA43817C93DD5D4DAF48F" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.654.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ECE8218968FC5A59503730A928F3B0FF" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1D03BB8221BC327CFCD28BDDD50F28C9" type="Zenodo-Dep">13217065</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13215000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13215000" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76030C7CFF4A8822BDA3A627" box="[136,737,806,833]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A8822BDA3A627" blockId="19.[136,737,806,905]" box="[136,737,806,833]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="CA095D1876030C7CFF4A8822BDA3A627" box="[136,737,806,833]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776030C7CFF4A8822BDC2A626" authority="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" authorityName="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" box="[136,640,806,833]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFF4A8822BED7A626" bold="true" box="[136,405,806,833]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Entoloma amazonicum</emphasis>
Karstedt &amp; Capelari
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8B98B1D76030C7CFD498823BDA3A627" box="[651,737,807,833]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFD498823BD98A626" box="[651,730,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9E4B9FF76030C7AFF4A884EBB4DA70E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A884EBE34A602" blockId="19.[136,737,806,905]" box="[136,374,842,869]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176030C7CFF4A884EBF94A603" box="[136,214,842,869]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[136,229,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[196,1388,203,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-22@20.[182,1402,189,1927]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Entoloma amazonicum: a–b. basidiospores: a. FK1814; b. FK1815; c–d. basidia: c. FK1815; d. FK1814; e–g. cheilocystidia: e. FK1814; f. FK1815; g. 11RMT126; h. pseudocystidia (FK1814); i. pileipellis (FK1790). Scales: a–h: 10 µm, i: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217075/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176030C7CFF20884EBE64A602" box="[226,294,842,868]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="29.[136,229,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[282,1303,326,1787]" captionTargetId="figure-79@29.[273,1312,317,1791]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 10. Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy: a–c. Entoloma acutipallidum (11RMT078); d–f. E. amazonicum (FK1815); g–i. E. arenicola (FK1811); j–m. E. capes (FK2096), n–p. E. caxiuanense (FK1871). Scale: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217085/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">10d–f</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176030C7CFEF0884EBE34A602" box="[306,374,842,868]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="65.[136,229,1813,1835]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,544,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-149@65.[290,1297,535,1787]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 34. Basidiomas: a–b. Entoloma amazonicum: a. FK1815; b. FK1814; c. E. luteobrunneum (FK1693); d. E. gatesianum (ACM498). Photos: a–c: F. Karstedt; d: A.C. Magnago. Scale: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217133/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">34a–b</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A886BBE4DA6EF" blockId="19.[136,737,806,905]" box="[136,271,878,905]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">MB 838583</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A88BEBC86A6A9" blockId="19.[136,1451,954,1119]" box="[136,964,954,976]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Etymology:—
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFED388BEBECFA6A9" box="[273,397,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Amazonicum</emphasis>
refers to the species being collected in the Amazon Forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A88DABBEAA17E" blockId="19.[136,1451,954,1119]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Diagnosis:—
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776030C7CFEC588DABEA1A695" box="[263,483,990,1011]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFEC588DABEA1A695" box="[263,483,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Entoloma amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterised by the combination of a basidiome with a brown pileus tending to ochraceous, white lamellae, whitish fibrous stipe, and the presence of pseudocystidia as well as the cuboidal basidiospores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A8F22BFA5A139" blockId="19.[136,1451,954,1119]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976030C7CFF4A8F22BFA0A139" collectingDate="2011-02-10" collectorName="F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Type" location="Caxiuana National Forest" municipality="Caxiuana" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="782092F876030C7CFF4A8F22BFF8A15D" box="[136,186,1062,1083]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</collectingCounty>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476030C7CFF148F22BE72A15D" box="[214,304,1062,1083]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A249676030C7CFEFE8F22BE28A15D" box="[316,362,1062,1083]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pará</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76030C7CFEB48F22BE91A15A" box="[374,467,1062,1084]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Caxiuanã</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76030C7CFE1D8F22BD99A15D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E:9421BCAF76030C7CFE1D8F22BD99A15D" box="[479,731,1062,1084]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Caxiuana" name="Caxiuana National Forest" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Para">Caxiuanã National Forest</location>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76030C7CFD2A8F22BC0AA15A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E:9421BCAF76030C7CFD2A8F22BC0AA15A" box="[744,840,1062,1084]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Caxiuana" name="EsecaFlor" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Para">EsecaFlor</location>
plot,
<date id="E540CCB476030C7CFC468F22BB77A15D" box="[900,1077,1062,1084]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2011-02-10">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76030C7CFC468F22BB77A15D" box="[900,1077,1062,1084]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2011-02-10">10 February 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFB808F22BA03A15D" box="[1090,1345,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276030C7CFB808F22BBEDA15D" box="[1090,1199,1062,1083]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK1815
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676030C7CFA928F22BAE9A15A" box="[1360,1451,1062,1084]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF4A8F8ABE1FA0AE" blockId="19.[136,1452,1166,2057]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Description:—
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFEEC8F8ABE36A1CE" box="[302,372,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="5606479176030C7CFEBE8F8ABEA5A1CF" box="[380,487,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="8.0">8–35 mm</quantity>
diam., conical, conico-campanulate, broadly conical or applanate with conical center, ochre, brownish ochre with center slightly paler than margin, glabrous, sometimes slightly waxy, translucent-striate, hygrophanous, surface slightly adpressed-fibrillose, margin in youth involute, becoming straight, smooth or slightly crenulate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFF3C8FFEBEDFA072" box="[254,413,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pileus context</emphasis>
thin, &lt;
<quantity id="5606479176030C7CFE318FFEBD76A073" box="[499,564,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, white.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFD4C8FFEBDB4A072" box="[654,758,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lamellae</emphasis>
adnexed, adnexed-sinuate or sinuate, smooth, ventricose (&lt;
<quantity id="5606479176030C7CFA5C8FFEBFFAA05E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
), white, beige or pinkish white, subdistant to close with two tiers of lamellulae, margin concolorous with faces and slightly irregular.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFE8C8E47BEC4A03B" box="[334,390,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Stipe</emphasis>
25–55 ×
<quantity id="5606479176030C7CFE2C8E46BD0EA03B" box="[494,588,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
, cylindrical or slightly attenuated upwards, centrally attached, white or sordid white (off-white), beige or slightly grey-brown, sometimes more brownish at the base, glabrous, fibrillose, slightly striate and twisted, hollow, with white basal tomentum.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFD348E8FBCC7A0C2" box="[758,901,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Stipe context</emphasis>
concolorous.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFBE08E8EBB1FA0C2" box="[1058,1117,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Odor</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFB518E8FBB8AA0C2" box="[1171,1224,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">taste</emphasis>
not observed.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFAA98E8FBFFCA0AE" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Spore print</emphasis>
not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476030C7CFF7F8ED6BC07AD6F" blockId="19.[136,1452,1166,2057]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFF7F8ED6BE19A08A" box="[189,347,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Basidiospores</emphasis>
cuboidal with angles rarely slightly elongated, 4-angled in profile view, excluding the projections 7.5–10 × 8.75–11.2 µm [xm = 8.7 (± 0.56) × 9.3 (± 0.68) µm, Q = 1–1.16 (–1.33), Qm = 1.07 (± 0.09), n = 48/3], diagonally 10–12 × 10–12.5 µm [x
<subScript id="0D7AE83176030C7CFDD18D29BD62A35D" attach="left" box="[531,544,1581,1595]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">m</subScript>
= 10.9 (± 0.62) × 11.2 (± 0.56) µm, Q = 1–1.12, Qm = 1.03 (± 0.06), n = 30/2], thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFEDB8D3ABE2DA33E" box="[281,367,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Basidia</emphasis>
broadly cylindrical or broadly clavate, 39–55 × 11.2–15 µm (n = 29/3), hyaline, thin-walled, 4-sterigmate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFEE58D66BE8BA31A" box="[295,457,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
abundant, along the entire lamellar margin, cylindrical, cylindrico-clavate, narrowly clavate, clavate, broadly clavate, fusoid or ventricose, sometimes branched, 31–100 × 8.7–16.2 µm (n = 30/3), hyaline, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFED58DAEBEFBA3A2" box="[279,441,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFDDA8DAEBD80A3A2" box="[536,706,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pseudocystidia</emphasis>
hyphoid, 2.5–5 µm diam. (n = 12/1), strongly pigmented, honey-colored or brownish (in NH
<subScript id="0D7AE83176030C7CFE038DE5BE8BA389" attach="both" box="[449,457,1761,1775]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4</subScript>
OH), rarely straw yellow, thin-walled.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFCBC8DCABB6DA38E" box="[894,1071,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
formed by parallel, cylindrical or cylindrically twisted hyphae, 2.5–19 µm diam. (n = 32/3), hyaline or with straw yellow or honey-colored intracellular pigment (in NH
<subScript id="0D7AE83176030C7CFE868C2DBE0EA251" attach="both" box="[324,332,1833,1847]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4</subScript>
OH), thin-walled, septa distant, sub-hymenium with branched hyphae.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFB508C12BA48A256" box="[1170,1290,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pileitrama</emphasis>
composed of radially arranged hyphae, 8.7–15 µm diam. (n = 20/1), cylindrical or broadly cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled, septate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFF4A8C5ABFB8A21E" box="[136,250,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis formed by prostrate and sometimes entangled, cylindrical hyphae, 3.7–12.5 µm diam. (n = 45/3), usually with yellowish brown, brown, straw yellow or hyaline intracellular pigment, sometimes coagulated, thin-walled, septate; terminal hyphae cylindrical with a rounded or slightly clavate apex, prostrate.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFB128CA2BA12A2A6" box="[1232,1360,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
a cutis, hyphae cylindrical, 2.5–8.7 µm diam. (n = 20/1), hyaline or straw yellow, thin-walled, septa distant.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFAD28CCEBAEEA282" box="[1296,1452,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
absent.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFF1C8CEABEF7AD6E" box="[222,437,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Clamp connections</emphasis>
present.
<emphasis id="A38A366676030C7CFDD98CEABDA4AD6E" box="[539,742,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Refractive hyphae</emphasis>
present.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C581BAFC76040C7BFF4A8CA7BA52A2BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217075" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217075/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[136,229,1955,1977]" targetBox="[196,1388,203,1926]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476040C7BFF4A8CA7BA52A2BB" blockId="20.[136,1453,1955,2014]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFF4A8CA7BFBFA2DF" bold="true" box="[136,253,1955,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776040C7BFEC08CA0BE9CA2DF" box="[258,478,1956,1977]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFEC08CA0BE9CA2DF" box="[258,478,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Entoloma amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFE288CA0BD4DA2DF" bold="true" box="[490,527,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">a–b</emphasis>
. basidiospores:
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFD6B8CA0BDF7A2DF" bold="true" box="[681,693,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">a</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFD028CA0BC4DA2DF" box="[704,783,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1814</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFCD98CA0BC6AA2DF" bold="true" box="[795,808,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">b</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFCF68CA0BCC0A2DF" box="[820,898,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1815</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFC4C8CA0BCF0A2DF" bold="true" box="[910,946,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">c–d</emphasis>
. basidia:
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFBCC8CA0BB5BA2DF" bold="true" box="[1038,1049,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">c</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFBE68CA0BB30A2DF" box="[1060,1138,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1815</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFBBC8CA0BBC9A2DF" bold="true" box="[1150,1163,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">d</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFB558CA0BBA7A2DF" box="[1175,1253,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1814</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFB338CA0BA56A2DF" bold="true" box="[1265,1300,1956,1977]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">e–g</emphasis>
. cheilocystidia:
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFF4A8CCCBFD1A2BB" bold="true" box="[136,147,1992,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">e</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFF5D8CCCBFAFA2BB" box="[159,237,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1814</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFF388CC3BE40A2BB" bold="true" box="[250,258,1991,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">f</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFECC8CCCBE1EA2BB" box="[270,348,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1815</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFEAB8CCCBE37A2BB" bold="true" box="[361,373,1992,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">g</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFE438CCCBEA9A2BB" box="[385,491,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">11RMT126</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFE3A8CCCBD47A2BB" bold="true" box="[504,517,1992,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">h</emphasis>
. pseudocystidia (
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFD6C8CCCBDBFA2BB" box="[686,765,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1814</emphasis>
);
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFCD08CC3BC5BA2BB" bold="true" box="[786,793,1991,2013]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">i</emphasis>
. pileipellis (
<emphasis id="A38A366676040C7BFC538CCCBC9DA2BB" box="[913,991,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FK1790</emphasis>
). Scales: a–h: 10 µm, i: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476050C7AFF7F8B9ABC10A5DF" blockId="21.[136,1452,158,617]" box="[189,850,158,185]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Habitat:—Gregarious, in sandy soil, in the Amazon Forest.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476050C7AFF7F8BC6BC58A5BA" blockId="21.[136,1452,158,617]" box="[189,794,194,221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Distribution:—Found to date only in the state of
<collectingRegion id="533A249676050C7AFD238BC6BC54A5BA" box="[737,790,194,220]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pará</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476050C7AFF7F8BE2BFFAA42E" blockId="21.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976050C7AFF7F8BE2BFF6A42E" collectingDate="2011-02-10" collectingDateMax="2011-02-14" collectingDateMin="2011-02-10" collectionCode="R" collectorName="F. Karstedt &amp; Maziero &amp; M. Tassilo" country="Brazil" county="Caxiuana" location="EsecaFlor" municipality="Caxiuana National Forest" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Para">
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676050C7AFF7F8BE2BD49A466" box="[189,523,230,256]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Additional material examined</typeStatus>
:—
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476050C7AFDEE8BE2BDD6A466" box="[556,660,230,256]" name="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="533A249676050C7AFD5F8BE2BD91A466" box="[669,723,230,256]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pará</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="782092F876050C7AFD1E8BE2BC0BA466" box="[732,841,230,256]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Caxiuanã</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76050C7AFC908BE2BB2DA467" box="[850,1135,230,257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Caxiuanã National Forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9421BCAF76050C7AFBBA8BE2BBAAA466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B6276030C7AFF4A8822BB4DA70E:9421BCAF76050C7AFBBA8BE2BBAAA466" box="[1144,1256,230,256]" country="Brazil" county="Caxiuana" municipality="Caxiuana National Forest" name="EsecaFlor" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Para">EsecaFlor</location>
plot,
<date id="E540CCB476050C7AFAE78BE2BF80A442" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-02-10">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76050C7AFAE78BE2BF80A442" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-02-10">10 February 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFF0D8A0FBEB4A442" box="[207,502,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276050C7AFF0D8A0FBE0FA442" box="[207,333,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK1814
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676050C7AFDC58A0EBD2CA442" box="[519,622,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, SP);
<date id="E540CCB476050C7AFD768A0EBCC0A442" box="[692,898,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-02-14">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76050C7AFD768A0EBCC0A442" box="[692,898,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2011-02-14">14 February 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFC4D8A0FBA72A442" box="[911,1328,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176050C7AFC4D8A0FBCE1A442" box="[911,931,267,292]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276050C7AFC728A0FBB4EA442" box="[944,1036,267,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Maziero</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276050C7AFBF78A0FBBE8A442" box="[1077,1194,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. Tassilo</collectorName>
11RMT126
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4E4554D676050C7AFA838A0EBAEAA442" box="[1345,1448,266,292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476050C7AFF7F8A56BB4DA70E" blockId="21.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Comments:—The species that most resemble
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFD0A8A57BC35A40A" box="[712,887,339,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFD0A8A57BC35A40A" box="[712,887,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFC688A57BB74A40A" box="[938,1078,339,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="procerum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFC688A57BB74A40A" box="[938,1078,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. procerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFBB28A57BBBBA40A" authorityName="Blanco-Dios" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Karstdet &amp; Capelari" box="[1136,1273,339,364]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cervinum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFBB28A57BBBBA40A" box="[1136,1273,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. cervinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as they have a basidiome with a brown pileus and pale stipe. Apart from the morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFB158A73BAC7A4F6" box="[1239,1413,375,400]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFB158A73BAC7A4F6" box="[1239,1413,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFA518A73BFB2A4D2" authorityName="Blanco-Dios" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Karstdet &amp; Capelari" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cervinum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFA518A73BFB2A4D2" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. cervinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFEE78A9FBEEDA4D2" box="[293,431,411,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="procerum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFEE78A9FBEEDA4D2" box="[293,431,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. procerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the molecular analysis (
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F176050C7AFD008A9EBC41A4D2" box="[706,771,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[384,1197,188,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-22@16.[384,1204,186,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the species of Entolomataceae with cuboid basidiospores and related species based on the combined genes (nLSU, mtSSU, rpb2 and tef1). Bootstrap values (&gt; 70%) from the maximum likelihood analysis are indicated above the branches. The species studied here are shown in boldface. AU: Australia, AT: Austria, BZ: Belize, BR: Brazil, CN: China, GY: Guyana, IN: India, MY: Malaysia, NZ: New Zealand, PG: Papua New Guinea, PR: Puerto Rico, RE: La Reunion, UK: Russia, SC: Seychelles, US: United States, VN: Vietnam. Dashed vertical line: have similarity in the morphology but no molecular support." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217071/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) proved the absence of a relationship between them and even suggests that the presence of pseudocystidia is a distinctive characteristic. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFB978ABABA71A4BE" box="[1109,1331,446,472]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="procerum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFB978ABABA71A4BE" box="[1109,1331,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Entoloma procerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, originally described with material from
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476050C7AFE1A8AE7BD30A49A" box="[472,626,482,509]" name="New Zealand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, in that the latter has basidiospores with elongated angles, cheilocystidia that vary only from cylindrical to clavate, and by the absence of pseudocystidia (Horak 1976a, 2008).
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFB3D8903BAEEA746" box="[1279,1452,519,545]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="amazonicum">
E.
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFADC8903BAEEA746" box="[1310,1452,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">amazonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFED1892FBEDBA722" authorityName="Blanco-Dios" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Karstdet &amp; Capelari" box="[275,409,555,580]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cervinum">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFED1892FBEDBA722" box="[275,409,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E. cervinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the latter has a frequently papillate pileus, the basidiospores have elongated angles and there are no pseudocystidia (
<bibRefCitation id="F56F978576050C7AFE0A894ABDA8A70E" author="Karstedt, F. &amp; Capelari, M." box="[456,746,590,616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="279 - 308" refId="ref39378" refString="Karstedt, F. &amp; Capelari, M. (2013) Inocephalus (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Nova Hedwigia 96: 279 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / 0029 - 5035 / 2012 / 0055" type="journal article" year="2013">Karstedt &amp; Capelari 2013</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776050C7AFCD2894ABCBDA70E" box="[784,1023,590,616]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Inocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cervinus">
<emphasis id="A38A366676050C7AFCD2894ABCBDA70E" box="[784,1023,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Inocephalus cervinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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