131 lines
9.7 KiB
XML
131 lines
9.7 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24d5415a-77c5-4b27-a8fc-3508a0a8aa28" ID-PMC="PMC3698554" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-311-1" ID-PubMed="23825440" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-311-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 311" ModsDocTitle="On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)" checkinTime="1451247198070" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neubert, Eike & Bariche, Michel" docDate="2013" docId="1E670D1F33854A79249EFBABAFCB40D2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 311: 1-18" docOrigin="ZooKeys 311" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408" docTitle="Monacha (Monacha) obstructa L. Pfeiffer 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFDCFF8EEC3E5769BF5B283CFF86FF88" masterDocTitle="On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1668155992279" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On the Monacha species of Lebanon (Gastropoda, Hygromiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bariche, Michel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>311</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>18</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.311.5408</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-311-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152045445" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E670D1F33854A79249EFBABAFCB40D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E670D1F33854A79249EFBABAFCB40D2" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Monacha_obstructa" authority="L. Pfeiffer, 1842" authorityName="L. Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) obstructa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obstructa" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) obstructa (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 9, 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix obstructa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obstructa">Helix obstructa</taxonomicName>
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L. Pfeiffer, Symbolae ad Historiam Heliceorum II: 35 [Tripoli]. 1842
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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NMBE 508032/12, Jazire, Nahr al Qasimiyah (part of the Litani),
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="33.32">33.32°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.288">35.288°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 15 m alt., 18.08.2008; NMBE 508031/32, Nahr al Damour,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="33.704">33.704°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.452">35.452°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 20 m alt., 18.08.2008; NMBE 508030/7, Nahr el Kalb, Jeita Grotto, cave entrance,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="33.944">33.944°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="35.641">35.641°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 90 m alt., 16.08.2008; AUBM-MOLL0492/1, Campus of the American University Beirut,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.9016">33.9016°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="35.4781">35.4781°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 26.09.2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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shell small, cream white, aperture with thick white labial callus, umbilicus closed, forming a characteristic funnel-shaped
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pseudo-umbilicus”">"pseudo-umbilicus"</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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shell medium sized, spire broadly conical and somewhat elevated; protoconch consisting of 1.5 smooth whorls; teleoconch cream white, with faint riblets and a malleate sculpture (compare to
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha syriaca" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syriaca">Monacha syriaca</taxonomicName>
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), and evenly rounded whorls; last whorl slightly bending towards the aperture; aperture broadly oval, reinforced by a thick white labial callus, well discernible from the outside as a thick white callosity; peristomial rim sharply bounded, red; umbilicus closed, but last whorl forming a characteristic funnel-shaped
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pseudo-umbilicus”">"pseudo-umbilicus"</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Measurements (Fig. 9): H = 6.68; D = 11.83; PH = 4.2; PD = 5.85.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figures 9, 10.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Monacha</taxonomicName>
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spp. 9
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) obstructa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obstructa" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) obstructa</taxonomicName>
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. NMBE 508031, Nahr al Damour, D = 11.83 mm 10
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha (Monacha) crispulata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispulata" subGenus="Monacha">Monacha (Monacha) crispulata</taxonomicName>
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, Jordan, Ajlune Castle, 25.06.2007, leg. Z. Amr, D = 8.3 mm. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4, phot. E. Bochud.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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In Lebanon this species seems to be quite restricted, probably because it is confined to more arid or steppe-like areas like central Syria, where it is one of the most abundant snail species. These environmental conditions are not present in the western part of Lebanon with its humid and steep mountain slopes. However, it is the most widespread species within
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Monacha</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Its distribution ranges from Egypt to Pakistan, and Turkey to Saudi Arabia (
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<bibRefCitation author="Neubert, E" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of Arabia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="333 - 461" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial and freshwater Molluscs of the Arabian Peninsula." volume="17" year="1998">Neubert 1998</bibRefCitation>
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), probably because it can be easily distributed by human activities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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This species is unmistakable for its funnel-shaped
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pseudo-umbilicus”">"pseudo-umbilicus"</normalizedToken>
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. Subadult shells can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hygromiidae" genus="Monacha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monacha syriaca" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="syriaca">Monacha syriaca</taxonomicName>
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by the uniformity of its cream white shell.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |