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<document id="E1A6A0DAA3A239C62F9552A78B3AD0E6" ID-CLB-Dataset="30627" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4387.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7eba4551-e113-4902-9cb3-26a4d5df2993" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1187659" ID-ZooBank="F0845057-D918-4693-8D80-E94E6CA6EE8C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520059316433" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2018" docId="03D9A066FFF3FFB3F2C11B70FB3FF862" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4387.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4387 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ascidia Linnaeus 1767" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="FFE0D81EFFFAFFB9F2561C58FF95FFB5" masterDocTitle="Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 1 - Phlebobranchia" masterLastPageNumber="472" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="460" updateTime="1698525847893" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A68FB0F2BF4F4B712364B8C10F3C6A30">Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 1 - Phlebobranchia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DFE9DD3CBBDB98AD7646E8897C1BA11F">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9CBE31C80FAECDBAFC6845FE4EDB90DE">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E89293C807D70843F69A783A177AC003">2018-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3EC05D8F380E457EF682E2E027DB46A4">4387</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D9A066FFF3FFB3F2C11B70FB3FF862" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967757" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141263990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5967757" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9A066FFF3FFB3F2C11B70FB3FF862" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D9A066FFF3FFB3F2C11B70FB3FF862" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<subSubSection id="C36A42FBFFF3FFB0F2C11B70FF4CF8D1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF3FFB0F2C11B70FE8CF8F7" blockId="9.[151,281,1832,1892]" box="[151,281,1832,1858]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<heading id="D087A61CFFF3FFB0F2C11B70FE8CF8F7" bold="true" box="[151,281,1832,1858]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF3FFB0F2C11B70FE8CF8F7" bold="true" box="[151,281,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF3FFB0F2C11B70FF64F8F7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[151,241,1832,1858]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ascidia</taxonomicName>
sp.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF3FFB0F2C11B13FF4CF8D1" blockId="9.[151,281,1832,1892]" box="[151,217,1867,1892]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF3FFB0F2C11B13FF4CF8D1" box="[151,217,1867,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36A42FBFFF3FFB3F2C11BCBFDB0F8DE" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF3FFB0F2C11BCBFCC5F81C" blockId="9.[151,848,1939,1961]" box="[151,848,1939,1961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
Station AB 157, 14°29,9N–61°05,4W,
<quantity id="4C88BC95FFF3FFB0F0771BCBFDDBF81C" box="[545,590,1939,1961]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="28.0">28m</quantity>
(MNHN P5 ASC.A 431)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF3FFB3F2C11B8EFCE0FD30" blockId="9.[151,1437,2006,2031]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,861]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
The single specimen 4.5 cm long has a clear cartilaginous tunic with a rough surface and some epibionts. The siphons are sessile the oral one apical end the atrial at half body length. There are 8 oral lobes with ocelli and on the undulated atrial rim 12 ocelli. The body wall is light brown in formalin (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F1EA1CE4FB83FF61" box="[956,1046,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). The oral tentacles are spaced in 3 orders of size. The anterior lamina of the prepharyngeal groove has papillae but no papillae were seen on the prepharyngeal space. The dorsal tubercle has horns curved outwardly. The dorsal lamina begins with 2 blades and is prolonged in a high blade far behind the oesophageal aperture. The rapheal ribs end in small papillae (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F7681D7FFA05FEF5" box="[1342,1424,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig.9B</figureCitation>
). The branchial tissue is thin with meshes of irregular size containing 4 to 7 stigmata. The branchial papillae are round or somewhat elongate (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F0541D37FDC6FE3D" box="[514,595,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig.9B</figureCitation>
), most of them with 2 small protrusions at their base. There are no intermediate papillae. The branchial sac extends below the gut. The gut loop occupies half of the left side (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F7601DCCFA1AFE19" box="[1334,1423,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). The stomach is oval with indistinct folds. The primary intestinal loop contains a massive ovary. The descending intestinal limb and rectum are inflated but do not form a protruding pouch. The rectum forms a closed secondary loop and ends in a smooth anus. The testis in small vesicles is spread on the whole external side of the gut, its sperm ducts are gathered in large channels with a scalariform design (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F1F71E7CFC6CFD89" box="[929,1017,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig.9 A</figureCitation>
) which join in a single duct along the rectum and the oviduct. With a single specimen it is not possible to determine if this peculiar design of the sperm duct is specific or is only an occasional development of the testis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF0FFB3F2911ED7FD7BFCE8" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
The musculature is almost absent on the left body side with longitudinal fibres issued from the oral siphon extending only a short distance behind the prepharyngeal area (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F13F1EECFC51FD79" box="[873,964,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). On the right side the longitudinal fibres issued from the oral part become thinner downwards and disappear exept for a few that extend almost to the posterior end of the body. The transverse musculature is very dense on the whole right body side and stop abruptly along the dorsal line (
<figureCitation id="134B0DF5FFF0FFB3F3C71F47FE70FC8D" box="[401,485,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,927,1732]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ascidia sp.A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig.9A</figureCitation>
). Some fibres of the atrial siphon complete this dense meshwork. This musculature design recalls that of
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF0FFB3F3D01F1CFDC6FCE9" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1878" box="[390,595,836,860]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F3D01F1CFDC6FCE9" box="[390,595,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Ascidia interrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but is denser.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0F41F8FFF0FFB3F2C11AB4FB9DF8B7" box="[151,1032,1772,1794]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187679/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" startId="10.[151,250,1772,1794]" targetBox="[167,1436,927,1732]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF0FFB3F2C11AB4FB9DF8B7" blockId="10.[151,1032,1772,1794]" box="[151,1032,1772,1794]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F2C11AB4FE87F8B4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1772,1794]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF0FFB3F34F1AB4FEF0F8B7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[281,357,1772,1794]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F34F1AB4FEF0F8B7" box="[281,357,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Ascidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A, dissection (scale bar = 1cm); B, part of the branchial tissue.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF0FFB3F2911B77FDB0F8DE" blockId="10.[151,1436,1838,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
By its external aspect this species looks like
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF0FFB3F0EA1B76FCF8F8F3" baseAuthorityName="Traustedt" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[700,877,1838,1862]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvata">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F0EA1B76FCF8F8F3" box="[700,877,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Ascidia curvata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs by a stronger musculature on the right side and the shape of the gonoducts
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A42FBFFF0FFB3F2911B2FFB3FF862" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCF1170FFF0FFB3F2911B2FFB3FF862" blockId="10.[151,1436,1838,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
Many
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF0FFB3F3581B2EFEF7F83B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[270,354,1910,1934]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F3581B2EFEF7F83B" box="[270,354,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Ascidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are present in the western tropical Atlantic (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE16C81FFF0FFB3F1F01B2FFBCBF83A" box="[934,1118,1910,1935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refId="ref6192" refString="Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural history, 84, 1 - 476." type="journal article">Van Name 1945</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE16C81FFF0FFB3F63F1B2FFAF3F83A" box="[1129,1382,1910,1935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refId="ref5322" refString="Bonnet, N. Y. &amp; Rocha, R. M. (2011) The family Ascidiidae Herdman (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Description of six new species. Zootaxa, 2864, 1 - 33." type="journal article">Bonnet &amp; Rocha 2011</bibRefCitation>
), but none have exactly the same set of characters. The variability in a single population in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C706AF3FFF0FFB3F6AB1BC2FAC4F807" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[1277,1361,1946,1970]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904CD62FFF0FFB3F6AB1BC2FAC4F807" box="[1277,1361,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Ascidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is too important to assign this Madibenthos specimen to a species with a single specimen collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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