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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1127-155" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" ID-ZooBank="8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1127-155" checkinTime="1667570140191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rodriguez, Erick J., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Norrbom, Allen L., Diaz, Jessica, Somma, Louis A., Ruiz-Arce, Raul, Sutton, Bruce D., Nolazco, Norma, Muller, Alies &amp; Branham, Marc A." docDate="2022" docId="AD80565F5192593DAD3478EDDAD1142A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1127: 155-215" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1127" docPubDate="2022-11-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" docTitle="Anastrepha aphelocentema Stone 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" lastPageNumber="155" masterDocId="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" masterDocTitle="Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)" masterLastPageNumber="215" masterPageNumber="155" pageNumber="155" updateTime="1667570140191" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Erick J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8132-0863</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erick.rodriguez@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Steck, Gary J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-0560</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-3690</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-089X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, c / o Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Diaz, Jessica</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-2349</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Somma, Louis A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0997</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ruiz-Arce, Raul</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-0218</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>USDA APHIS PPQ S and T Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sutton, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-3778</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Research Associate, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, USNM, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nolazco, Norma</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Diagnostico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria, Av. La Molina 1915, La Molina, Peru</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Muller, Alies</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-3536</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>(retired) Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Paramaribo, Suriname</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Branham, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-4503</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-11-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1127</mods:number>
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<mods:start>155</mods:start>
<mods:end>215</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1127-155</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD80565F5192593DAD3478EDDAD1142A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD80565F5192593DAD3478EDDAD1142A" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName LSID="AD80565F-5192-593D-AD34-78EDDAD1142A" authority="Stone, 1942" authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">Anastrepha aphelocentema Stone, 1942</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 1 pseudocephalon 2 oral ridges 3 antenna and maxillary palp 4 preoral organ 5 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P 1 - P 3, papilla sensilla; K 1, K 2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5 μm (4); 10 μm (3, 5); 20 μm (2); 100 μm (1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figs 1-5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 6-11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12, 13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 12, 13. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema. Abbreviations: SP-I to SP-IV, spiracular processes. Scale bars: 50 μm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures12-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765439" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 12-13</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-07" collectorName="M. Aluja, Radlk." country="Mexico" elevation="72" latitude="20.3992" location="Papantla" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-97.3469" municipality="Xalapa" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-larva="4" stateProvince="Veracruz">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Xalapa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD80565F5192593DAD3478EDDAD1142A:27C88B7569C3A12FAA01EF2E558A018C" country="Mexico" latitude="20.3992" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-97.3469" municipality="Xalapa" name="Papantla" stateProvince="Veracruz">Papantla</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.3992" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="20.3992">20.3992°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="97.3469" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-97.3469">97.3469°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<collectingDate value="1998-07">Jul.1998</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName>M. Aluja</collectorName>
leg.; reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria glomerata" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pouteria glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Miq.)
<collectorName>Radlk.</collectorName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
); FSCA (AP20171024.07, AP20190827.04, AP20180726.01-AP20180726.02)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
runs to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. leptozona" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptozona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. leptozona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hendel in the key of
<bibRefCitation author="Steck, GJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="333 - 346" refId="B60" refString="Steck, GJ, Carroll, LE, Celedonio-Hurtado, H, Guillen-Aguilar, J, 1990. Methods for identification of Anastrepha larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae), and key to 13 species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 92: 333 - 346" title="Methods for identification of Anastrepha larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae), and key to 13 species." volume="92" year="1990">Steck et al. (1990)</bibRefCitation>
, and to two species (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. leptozona" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptozona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. leptozona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. serpentina" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serpentina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. serpentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in that of
<bibRefCitation author="Carroll, LE" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" publicationUrl="http://deltaintkey.com" refId="B14" refString="Carroll, LE, Norrbom, AL, Dallwitz, MJ, Thompson, FC, 2004. Pest fruit flies of the world - larvae. Version: 9. April 2019. http://delta-intkey.com" title="Pest fruit flies of the world - larvae. Version: 9. April 2019." url="http://deltaintkey.com" year="2004">Carroll et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
. It differs from all species within the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha mucronota" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mucronota">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha mucronota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in having the posterior margins of the oral ridges and accessory plates finely serrate or entire. In addition,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. curvicauda" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. curvicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gerstaecker) by the position of the preoral organ (lateral vs. anterior to the mouthhook), and from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. curitis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curitis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. curitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stone in having a higher number of oral ridges (12-14 vs. 8-11). It can be also distinguished from most other species for which larvae have been described by the number of tubules of the prothoracic spiracle (24-27). This includes larvae of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. pallens" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. pallens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Coquillett of the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">daciformis</emphasis>
group (17-22 tubules), various species of the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha fraterculus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha fraterculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (9-22; see
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.123.1.169" author="Rodriguez, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="169 - 189" refId="B53" refString="Rodriguez, EJ, Steck, GJ, Moore, MR, Norrbom, AL, Sutton, BD, Branham, MA, 2021. Description of larvae of Anastrepha amplidentata and Anastrepha durantae with review of larval morphology of the fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 123 (1): 169 - 189, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.123.1.169" title="Description of larvae of Anastrepha amplidentata and Anastrepha durantae with review of larval morphology of the fraterculus group (Diptera: Tephritidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.123.1.169" volume="123" year="2021">Rodriguez et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. grandis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Macquart) of the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Macquart" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha grandis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (31-37),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. leptozona" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptozona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. leptozona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha leptozona" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptozona">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha leptozona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (15-21), two species of the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">pseudoparallela</emphasis>
group (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. limae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. limae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stone with 18-21, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. consobrina" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consobrina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. consobrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Loew) with 12-15), two species of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha spatulata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha spatulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. pickeli" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pickeli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. pickeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lima with 16-23, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. interrupta" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interrupta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. interrupta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stone 10-13), two species of the
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha serpentina" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serpentina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha serpentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. pulchra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. pulchra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stone with 18-23, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. serpentina" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serpentina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. serpentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wiedemann) with 13-19), and two species of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schiner" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha striata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. bistrigata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bistrigata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. bistrigata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bezzi with 13-20, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. striata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schiner with 11-18). The larva of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stone" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha sagittata" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha sagittata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stone (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">dentata</emphasis>
group), reared from seeds of the related species
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria campechiana" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campechiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pouteria campechiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Baehni, was described with limited data (
<bibRefCitation author="Baker, AC" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B5" refString="Baker, AC, Stone, WC, Plummer, CC, McPhail, M, 1944. A review of studies on the Mexican-fruit fly and related Mexican species. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 531." title="A review of studies on the Mexican-fruit fly and related Mexican species. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 531." year="1944">Baker et al. 1944</bibRefCitation>
) but can be morphologically separated from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the longer and narrower posterior spiracle openings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Habitus</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Third instar elongate, cylindrical, tapered anteriorly and truncate posteriorly; color creamy; amphipneustic. Length 11.00-11.77 mm and width 2.03-2.12 mm at the sixth abdominal segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudocephalon</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 1 pseudocephalon 2 oral ridges 3 antenna and maxillary palp 4 preoral organ 5 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P 1 - P 3, papilla sensilla; K 1, K 2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5 μm (4); 10 μm (3, 5); 20 μm (2); 100 μm (1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">1-4</figureCitation>
). Antenna and maxillary palp on moderately developed lobe. Antenna with cylindrical base and apical knob. Maxillary palp bearing three papilla sensilla, two knob sensilla; dorsolateral group of sensilla bearing two well-developed papilla sensilla, aligned perpendicular to palp and surrounded by collar. Facial mask globular in lateral view. Preoral organ bearing three unbranched peg sensilla, located apically on simple elongate preoral lobe or on separate small cylindrical lobe (asymmetrical in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 1 pseudocephalon 2 oral ridges 3 antenna and maxillary palp 4 preoral organ 5 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P 1 - P 3, papilla sensilla; K 1, K 2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5 μm (4); 10 μm (3, 5); 20 μm (2); 100 μm (1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">1</figureCitation>
) lateral to the mouthhook; three or four petal-like secondary lobes adjacent to preoral organ. Oral ridges in 12-14 rows, posterior margin finely serrate or entire; 15-17 accessory plates, posterior margin usually serrate, most oral ridges bordered with single accessory plate laterally, except anterior 2-5 plates in two series, plates much narrower than ridges. Labium triangular, anterior surface knobby (not clearly visible in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 1 pseudocephalon 2 oral ridges 3 antenna and maxillary palp 4 preoral organ 5 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P 1 - P 3, papilla sensilla; K 1, K 2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5 μm (4); 10 μm (3, 5); 20 μm (2); 100 μm (1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">1</figureCitation>
), ventrally with two visible sensilla and tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 15" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 1-5.</emphasis>
Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">1</emphasis>
pseudocephalon
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">2</emphasis>
oral ridges
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">3</emphasis>
antenna and maxillary palp
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">4</emphasis>
preoral organ
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">5</emphasis>
ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P1-P3, papilla sensilla; K1, K2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">4</emphasis>
); 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">3, 5</emphasis>
); 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">2</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">1</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Cephaloskeleton</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 5. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 1 pseudocephalon 2 oral ridges 3 antenna and maxillary palp 4 preoral organ 5 ventral surface of mouthhook. Abbreviations: AN, antenna; MP, maxillary palp; PO, preoral organ; AP, accessory plates; OR, oral ridges; P 1 - P 3, papilla sensilla; K 1, K 2, knob sensilla; DS, dorsolateral papilla sensilla; PS, peg sensilla. Scale bars: 5 μm (4); 10 μm (3, 5); 20 μm (2); 100 μm (1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures1-5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765437" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">5</figureCitation>
-
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">7</figureCitation>
). Total length from tip of mouthhook to end of ventral cornu 1.31 mm. Mouthhook well sclerotized, black apically and basally; length a 0.28 mm; length b 0.22 mm; height c 0.20 mm; ratio a:b 1.29; ratio a:c 1.4. Tooth long, sharp, deeply concave ventrally, strongly curved, concave ventrally, ventral surface rough. Intermediate sclerite 0.22-0.23 mm long, 0.16 mm wide at ventral bridge. Epipharyngeal sclerite visible only in dorsal view, with medial lobe directed anteriorly. Labial sclerite robust, sclerotized in dorsal view. Parastomal bar extending for almost entire length of intermediate sclerite. Dorsal arch 0.35 mm high. Dorsal cornu with well-defined sclerotized area adjacent to notch, 0.50 mm long. Dorsal bridge prominently projecting anteriorly from dorsal cornu and slightly sclerotized. Anterior sclerite irregularly shaped and sclerotized. Cornu notch (N) 0.33 mm long and cornu notch index (N/DC) 0.7. Ventral cornu with poorly defined sclerotized area along edge of notch. Pharyngeal filter with weakly sclerotized anterior bar and eight ridges forming a series of grooves along length of ventral cornu. Ventral cornu 0.81 mm long from pharyngeal bar to posterior end of grooves. Ventral cornu 1.63
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as sclerotized area of dorsal cornu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Thoracic and abdominal segments</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Thoracic segments with dorsal spinules conical, symmetrical to slightly posteriorly curved; dorsal spinule pattern, as follows: T1 with 5-7 rows, forming scalloped plates; T2 with four or five rows; T3 lacking spinules; ventral spinule pattern as follows: T1 with 5-7 rows; T2 with 0-2 rows; T3 with two rows. Abdominal segments (A1-A8) lacking dorsal spinules; ventral creeping welts present on all abdominal segments; ventral spinule pattern as follows: A1 with six or seven rows; A2 with 10-12 rows; A3-A6 with 14-18 rows; A8 with 12-16 rows. Additional four or five discontinuous rows of spinules surrounding anal lobes, spinules all equally small, basally broad, distally sharply pointed, pointing away from anal lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Prothoracic spiracle</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">9</figureCitation>
). Bilobed, bearing 24-27 tubules, distally rounded and arranged in a single, sinuous row laterally and double row medially. Spiracle distal width 0.35-0.36 mm; basal width 0.19 mm at junction with trachea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Caudal segment</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">11</figureCitation>
). Dorsal tubercles and sensilla weakly developed, D1 distinctly anterior to D2. Intermediate tubercles (I1 and I2) moderately developed, I1 lateral and sometimes slightly dorsal to I2, associated sensilla weakly developed. Lateral (L1) tubercles, and associated sensilla weakly developed. Ventral (V1 and V2) tubercles and sensilla weakly developed, V1 distinctly posterior to V2. Anal lobe entire or grooved and moderately protuberant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Posterior spiracle</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 611" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 11. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema 6 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 7 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 8 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 9 prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view 10 caudal segment 11 anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D 1, D 2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I 1, I 2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L 1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V 1, V 2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50 μm (8); 100 μm (9, 11); 200 μm (6, 7); 500 μm (10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12, 13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 12, 13. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema. Abbreviations: SP-I to SP-IV, spiracular processes. Scale bars: 50 μm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures12-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765439" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12, 13" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 12, 13. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha aphelocentema. Abbreviations: SP-I to SP-IV, spiracular processes. Scale bars: 50 μm (12, 13)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures12-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765439" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">13</figureCitation>
). Located above horizontal midline. Posterior spiracle openings with thick rimae and numerous trabeculae; 94-101
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long; 35-37
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; ratio length/width 2.68-2.72. Ecdysial scar apparent. Felt chamber oval, 190-191
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in diameter at junction with trachea. Spiracular process SP-I comprising 4-9 trunks and 12-21 tips; ratio tips/trunks 2.3-3.0; basal width 9-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.09-0.12. SP-II comprising three or four trunks and seven or eight tips. SP-III comprising 3-7 trunks and 6-12 tips. SP-IV comprising 3-7 trunks and 10-15 tips; ratio tips/trunks 2.14-3.33; basal width 9-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.09-0.11.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures6-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765438" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 611" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 6-11.</emphasis>
Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">6</emphasis>
cephaloskeleton, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">7</emphasis>
cephaloskeleton, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">8</emphasis>
prothoracic spiracle, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">9</emphasis>
prothoracic spiracle, dorslateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">10</emphasis>
caudal segment
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">11</emphasis>
anal lobe. Abbreviations: CS, total length of cephaloskeleton; MHa, mouthhook length a; MHb, mouthhook length b; MHc, mouthhook height c; IS, intermediate sclerite; DA, dorsal arch; DC, length of sclerotized area of dorsal cornu; N, notch; VC, length of ventral cornu; D1, D2, dorsal tubercles and sensilla; I1, I2, intermediate tubercles and sensilla; L1, lateral tubercle and sensillum; V1, V2, ventral tubercles and sensilla. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">8</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">9, 11</emphasis>
); 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">6, 7</emphasis>
); 500
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">10</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures12-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765439" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 12, 13" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 12, 13.</emphasis>
Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrograph of posterior spiracles of third instar of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations: SP-I to SP-IV, spiracular processes. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">12, 13</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from Mexico (northern Veracruz and San Luis
<normalizedToken originalValue="Potosí">Potosi</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Aluja, M" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="802 - 815" refId="B3" refString="Aluja, M, Pinero, J, Lopez, M, Ruiz, C, Zuniga, A, Piedra, E, Diaz-Fleischer, F, Sivinski, J, 2000. New host plant and distribution records in Mexico for Anastrepha spp., Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstacker, Rhagoletis zoqui Bush, Rhagoletis sp., and Hexachaeta sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102: 802 - 815" title="New host plant and distribution records in Mexico for Anastrepha spp., Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstacker, Rhagoletis zoqui Bush, Rhagoletis sp., and Hexachaeta sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae)." volume="102" year="2000">Aluja et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Norrbom, AL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B42" refString="Norrbom, AL, 2004. Host plant database for Anastrepha and Toxotrypana (Diptera: Tephritidae: Toxotrypanini). Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) 2." title="Host plant database for Anastrepha and Toxotrypana (Diptera: Tephritidae: Toxotrypanini). Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM) 2." year="2004">Norrbom 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez-Ortiz, V" editor="Hernandez-Ortiz, V" journalOrPublisher="S y G Editores, Mexico, D. F." pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="53 - 76" refId="B28" refString="Hernandez-Ortiz, V, 2007. Diversidad y biogegrafia del genero Anastrepha en Mexico. In: Hernandez-Ortiz, V, Ed., Mosca de la fruta en Latinoamerica (Diptera: Tephritidae): diversidad, biologia y manejo. S y G Editores, Mexico, D. F.: 53 - 76" title="Diversidad y biogegrafia del genero Anastrepha en Mexico." volumeTitle="Mosca de la fruta en Latinoamerica (Diptera: Tephritidae): diversidad, biologia y manejo." year="2007">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández-Ortiz">Hernandez-Ortiz</normalizedToken>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
; CoFFHI 2020).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
This species was reared from fruit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria glomerata" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pouteria glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has been previously reared from fruits of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Casimiroa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casimiroa edulis" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Casimiroa edulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
La Llave and Lex. (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez-Ortiz, V" journalOrPublisher="Instituto de Ecologia and Sociedad Mexicana de Entomologia, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B27" refString="Hernandez-Ortiz, V, 1992. El genero Anastrepha Schiner en Mexico (Diptera: Tephritidae). Taxonomia, distribucion y sus plantas huespedes. Instituto de Ecologia and Sociedad Mexicana de Entomologia, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico" title="El genero Anastrepha Schiner en Mexico (Diptera: Tephritidae). Taxonomia, distribucion y sus plantas huespedes." year="1992">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández-Ortiz">Hernandez-Ortiz</normalizedToken>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Pouteria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pouteria glomerata" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glomerata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pouteria glomerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapotaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Stone, A" journalOrPublisher="Washington, DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B63" refString="Stone, A, 1942. The fruitflies of the genus Anastrepha. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 439. Washington, DC" title="The fruitflies of the genus Anastrepha. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 439." year="1942">Stone 1942</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Baker, AC" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B5" refString="Baker, AC, Stone, WC, Plummer, CC, McPhail, M, 1944. A review of studies on the Mexican-fruit fly and related Mexican species. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 531." title="A review of studies on the Mexican-fruit fly and related Mexican species. U. S. Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 531." year="1944">Baker et al. 1944</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Norrbom, AL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B43" refString="Norrbom, AL, Kim, KC, 1988. A list of the reported host plants of the species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae). U. S. Department of Agriculture. APHIS Miscellaneous Publication 81-52." title="A list of the reported host plants of the species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae). U. S. Department of Agriculture. APHIS Miscellaneous Publication 81 - 52." year="1988">Norrbom and Kim 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Aluja, M" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="802 - 815" refId="B3" refString="Aluja, M, Pinero, J, Lopez, M, Ruiz, C, Zuniga, A, Piedra, E, Diaz-Fleischer, F, Sivinski, J, 2000. New host plant and distribution records in Mexico for Anastrepha spp., Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstacker, Rhagoletis zoqui Bush, Rhagoletis sp., and Hexachaeta sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 102: 802 - 815" title="New host plant and distribution records in Mexico for Anastrepha spp., Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstacker, Rhagoletis zoqui Bush, Rhagoletis sp., and Hexachaeta sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae)." volume="102" year="2000">Aluja et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez-Ortiz, V" editor="Hernandez-Ortiz, V" journalOrPublisher="S y G Editores, Mexico, D. F." pageId="0" pageNumber="155" pagination="53 - 76" refId="B28" refString="Hernandez-Ortiz, V, 2007. Diversidad y biogegrafia del genero Anastrepha en Mexico. In: Hernandez-Ortiz, V, Ed., Mosca de la fruta en Latinoamerica (Diptera: Tephritidae): diversidad, biologia y manejo. S y G Editores, Mexico, D. F.: 53 - 76" title="Diversidad y biogegrafia del genero Anastrepha en Mexico." volumeTitle="Mosca de la fruta en Latinoamerica (Diptera: Tephritidae): diversidad, biologia y manejo." year="2007">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández-Ortiz">Hernandez-Ortiz</normalizedToken>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="molecular identification">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Molecular identification.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
COI barcodes were generated from four larvae and submitted to GenBank (MT644043, MT654963-MT654965). These data further confirm the identity of the described larvae. K2P distances between
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae and the available adult sequence (KY428328) were less than one percent. BLAST searches were consistent with our new data, yielding only one good match:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(99.84% sequence identity; KY428328). Additionally, all four barcodes returned consensus identifications of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. aphelocentema" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aphelocentema">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. aphelocentema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with three votes using the identity function in BarcodingR (
<bibRefCitation author="Moore, MR" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B39" refString="Moore, MR, Steck, GJ, Rodriguez, EJ, Norrbom, AL, Ruiz-Arce, R, Tood, TN, Roberts, CG, Troya, H, Vilatuna, JE, Donoso, DA, Wiegmann, BM, Cassel, BK, Soghigian, J, Xuan, J, Muller, A, Gangadin, A, Nolazco, N, Rodriguez Clavijo, PA, Arevalo Penaranda, E, Srivastava, P, Drovetski, SV, Quisberth Ramos, E, Lagrava Sanchez, JJ, Colque, F, Savaris, M, Lampert, S, Martinez, J, Canal, NA, Keil, C, Padilla, A, Tigrero, JO, Rodriguez, P, Penaloza Barria, Y, Gripenberg, S, Rivera, M, Branham, M, in press. A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." title="A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." year="in press">Moore et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>